【摘要】：本課題以紹興鴨為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,在基礎(chǔ)飼糧中分別添加不同水平的糖萜素,研究糖萜素對(duì)蛋鴨產(chǎn)蛋性能、蛋品質(zhì)、胸肌及肝臟的影響,并對(duì)其調(diào)節(jié)脂類代謝的作用機(jī)理進(jìn)行初步的探討,得出糖萜素適宜的添加劑量,為糖萜素的合理研發(fā)以及其在蛋鴨生產(chǎn)中的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供一定的科學(xué)依據(jù)。選取產(chǎn)蛋后期的紹興鴨300只,采用單因子隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),試驗(yàn)期為60d,隨機(jī)分為4個(gè)組,每組設(shè)5個(gè)重復(fù),每重復(fù)15只,在基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加糖萜素添加劑4個(gè)水平:0、250、500、750mg/kg。預(yù)飼2周,試驗(yàn)飼養(yǎng)60d。試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中均欄養(yǎng),自由采食飲水。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:(1)隨著飼糧糖萜素水平的升高,產(chǎn)蛋率、平均蛋重、日產(chǎn)蛋重顯著增加(P0.05),料蛋比顯著降低(P0.05);(2)在飼喂第30d時(shí),隨著飼糧糖萜素水平的提高,蛋重、蛋黃顏色、蛋黃重、蛋黃比例均有顯著影響(P0.05);(3)在飼喂第60d時(shí),蛋殼強(qiáng)度、蛋重、蛋黃顏色和蛋黃比例均無(wú)顯著影響(P0.05),蛋白高度和哈夫單位差異達(dá)到了顯著水平(P0.05);(4)飼糧中添加糖萜素顯著降低了試驗(yàn)鴨肝臟中粗脂肪、膽固醇、甘油三酯以及胸肌中粗脂肪和甘油三酯的含量(P0.05);(5)飼糧中糖萜素水平對(duì)試驗(yàn)鴨蛋中膽固醇影響小,各組之間無(wú)顯著差異(P0.05);(6)飼糧中添加不同水平的糖萜素顯著降低了試驗(yàn)鴨肝臟、胸肌中飽和脂肪酸(SFA)的比例(P0.05),顯著升高了試驗(yàn)鴨肝臟、胸肌中單不飽和脂肪酸(MUFA)以及多不飽和脂肪酸(PUFA)的比例(P0.05);(7)飼糧中添加糖萜素使血漿中脂肪酶活力(LPS)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)含量顯著升高(P0.05),其他沒(méi)有顯著影響;(8)隨著飼糧中糖萜素水平的升高,血漿中IgA、IgM含量顯著升高(P0.05);(9)研究表明,隨著飼糧中糖萜素水平的增加,CYP7A1和SREBP-2基因在肝臟中的表達(dá)量也增加(P0.05),其中Ⅱ(250)和Ⅲ(500)組的表達(dá)豐度顯著高于空白組Ⅰ(0)(P0.05);(10)綜合產(chǎn)蛋性能和蛋品質(zhì)推薦產(chǎn)蛋期紹興鴨糖萜素的需要量為250-500mg/kg;研究表明,基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加一定量的糖萜素可提高蛋鴨平均蛋重、日產(chǎn)蛋重、蛋黃比例,增加蛋黃顏色,降低蛋鴨肝臟、胸肌中粗脂肪和甘油三酯的含量,以及肝臟中膽固醇含量,同時(shí)可影響肝臟和胸肌中不同脂肪酸的比例,影響試驗(yàn)鴨的血液生化指標(biāo),提高CYP7A1和SREBP-2基因在肝臟中的表達(dá)。
[Abstract]:In this study, Shaoxing duck was used as the experimental object. Different levels of sugar terpenes were added to the basal diet to study the effects of sugar terpenoids on laying performance, egg quality, breast muscle and liver of laying duck. The mechanism of its regulation of lipid metabolism was preliminarily discussed, and the appropriate amount of sugar terpenes was obtained, which provided a scientific basis for the reasonable development of sugar terpenes and their practical application in the production of laying ducks. Three hundred Shaoxing ducks in the late stage of laying eggs were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 5 replicates in each group and 15 ducks per replica. The trial period was 60 days. Four levels of sugar terpene additive were added to the basal diet: 0250500750mg / kg / kg. The experiment was carried out for 60 days. In the course of the test, the column is raised and the drinking water is free. The results showed that: (1) with the increase of dietary sugar terpene level, the egg laying rate, average egg weight, daily egg weight increased significantly (P0.05), and the feed / egg ratio decreased significantly (P0.05); (2) on the 30th day, the egg weight, yolk color, yolk weight and yolk ratio were significantly affected with the increase of dietary sugar terpene level (P0.05). (3) the eggshell strength, egg weight, yolk color and yolk ratio were not significantly affected at the 60th day (P0.05), and the protein height and Hafu unit were significantly different (P0.05). (4) the contents of crude fat, cholesterol, triglyceride and triglyceride in breast muscle were significantly decreased by adding sugar terpenes in diet (P0.05). (5) the dietary sugar terpenoids had little effect on cholesterol in duck eggs, but there was no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). (6) the proportion of saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the breast muscle of the experimental duck was significantly decreased by adding different levels of sugar terpenes in diet (P0.05), and the ratio of saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the experimental duck liver was significantly increased. The ratio of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in pectoralis muscle (P0.05); (7) the content of plasma lipase activity, (LPS), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased significantly (P0.05) with the addition of sugar terpenes in diet (P0.05). (8) with the increase of dietary sugar terpene level, plasma IgA,IgM content increased significantly (P0.05); (9) the results showed that the expression of CYP7A1 and SREBP-2 genes in liver increased with the increase of dietary sugar terpenoids (P0.05). The expression abundance of 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2390421