復合微生物固體發(fā)酵豆粕的工藝研究及對仔豬生產性能的影響
發(fā)布時間:2018-12-17 10:32
【摘要】:豆粕具有較高的粗蛋白含量,并且氨基酸組成較為均衡,是重要的植物源性蛋白飼料。然而植物源性飼料中抗營養(yǎng)因子的含量較高,如抗原蛋白,酶蛋白抑制劑等,嚴重影響了動物對營養(yǎng)物質的吸收,導致動物生長性能的降低,限制了植物源性飼料在畜牧業(yè)及水產養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的廣泛應用于。因此,豆粕等植物源性飼料的合理開發(fā)利用具有重要的應用價值和現實意義。 本文通過乳酸桿菌和芽孢桿菌混合發(fā)酵豆粕,探索了混合菌發(fā)酵豆粕對仔豬生產性能的影響,同時研究了混合菌發(fā)酵豆粕取代魚粉飼喂仔豬對于仔豬生產性能的影響。復合微生物固體發(fā)酵豆粕的工藝研究實驗結果顯示,乳酸桿菌和芽孢桿菌混合菌種發(fā)酵的最佳固液比例為1:0.8,發(fā)酵的最佳比例為乳酸桿菌:芽孢桿菌為7:3。最終獲得的最佳發(fā)酵條件是:發(fā)酵溫度35℃,以10%的接種量進行接種,培養(yǎng)時間為3天,培養(yǎng)液pH為5.5。發(fā)酵后抗原蛋白含量顯著降低,粗蛋白含量略微上升,粗纖維含量有所降低,其它的營養(yǎng)物質成分較發(fā)酵前基本沒有變化。 發(fā)酵豆粕對仔豬生產性能的實驗結果顯示,實驗組3在平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比方面與兩個對照組均有顯著差異(p0.05),料重比最低,且具有最低的腹瀉率。因此,實驗組3具有最好的生產性能。固體發(fā)酵豆粕對仔豬代謝水平結果顯示,各實驗小組血清生化指標雖有一定的變化,但都處于正常的水平范圍,,各小組之間仔豬的健康狀況并沒有顯著改變,添加5%發(fā)酵的豆粕從一定程度上提高了仔豬的生產性能,是更加優(yōu)質的動物飼料。 仔豬日糧中固體發(fā)酵豆粕替代魚粉的研究結果顯示,三個實驗組在平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比方面差異均不顯著(p0.05)。在料重比方面,陽性對照組與實驗組3的料重比相同,均高于陰性對照組。腹瀉率的實驗結果顯示,實驗組3的腹瀉率最低,低于陽性對照組的腹瀉率,實驗組3具有較好的生產性能,因此添加固體發(fā)酵豆粕可以取代魚粉用于仔豬的飼喂。 因此通過乳酸桿菌和芽孢桿菌的混合發(fā)酵,我們成功實現了抗原蛋白含量的顯著降低,同時保留了豆粕中原有的營養(yǎng)成分。并且,發(fā)酵豆粕可以很好的促進仔豬的生長,提高生產性能,并且可以取代魚粉用于仔豬的喂養(yǎng)。此外,本實驗采用的是固體發(fā)酵,發(fā)酵生產設備相對簡單,成本低,耗能低,且實驗過程產生的廢水、廢氣等較少,是環(huán)保、經濟、有效的發(fā)酵方法,為養(yǎng)殖和飼料企業(yè)提供了優(yōu)質的蛋白飼料。
[Abstract]:Soybean meal has high crude protein content and balanced amino acid composition. It is an important vegetable protein feed. However, the content of anti-nutritional factors in plant-derived feed is high, such as antigen protein, enzyme protein inhibitor and so on, which seriously affect the absorption of nutrients in animals and lead to the decrease of growth performance of animals. It limits the wide application of botanical feed in animal husbandry and aquaculture. Therefore, the reasonable development and utilization of vegetable feed such as soybean meal has important application value and practical significance. In this paper, the effects of mixed bacteria fermented soybean meal on the performance of piglets were studied by mixed fermentation of Lactobacillus and Bacillus, and the effects of mixed bacteria fermented soybean meal instead of fish meal on the performance of piglets were studied. The optimum solid-liquid ratio of mixed strains of Lactobacillus and Bacillus was 1: 0.8, and the optimum proportion of Lactobacillus and Bacillus was 7: 3. The optimum fermentation conditions were obtained as follows: the fermentation temperature was 35 鈩
本文編號:2384084
[Abstract]:Soybean meal has high crude protein content and balanced amino acid composition. It is an important vegetable protein feed. However, the content of anti-nutritional factors in plant-derived feed is high, such as antigen protein, enzyme protein inhibitor and so on, which seriously affect the absorption of nutrients in animals and lead to the decrease of growth performance of animals. It limits the wide application of botanical feed in animal husbandry and aquaculture. Therefore, the reasonable development and utilization of vegetable feed such as soybean meal has important application value and practical significance. In this paper, the effects of mixed bacteria fermented soybean meal on the performance of piglets were studied by mixed fermentation of Lactobacillus and Bacillus, and the effects of mixed bacteria fermented soybean meal instead of fish meal on the performance of piglets were studied. The optimum solid-liquid ratio of mixed strains of Lactobacillus and Bacillus was 1: 0.8, and the optimum proportion of Lactobacillus and Bacillus was 7: 3. The optimum fermentation conditions were obtained as follows: the fermentation temperature was 35 鈩
本文編號:2384084
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