【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)旨在探討鐮刀菌毒素對(duì)斷奶仔豬生產(chǎn)性能、腸道二糖酶活性、氧化應(yīng)激以及腸道促炎性因子的分布和mRNA表達(dá)量的影響。試驗(yàn)分兩個(gè)階段進(jìn)行。第一階段選擇35日齡體重為8.45±0.94 kg的健康三元雜交(杜×長(zhǎng)×大)雌性仔豬50頭,仔豬隨機(jī)分為2個(gè)處理,對(duì)照組20頭,鐮刀菌毒素組30頭。對(duì)照組飼喂基礎(chǔ)飼糧,鐮刀菌毒素組飼喂含有鐮刀菌毒素(玉米赤霉烯酮0.90 mg/kg,嘔吐毒素1.43 mg/kg,煙曲霉毒素5.85 mg/kg)的試驗(yàn)飼糧,預(yù)試期7 d,正試期35 d,試驗(yàn)結(jié)束每個(gè)處理選取10頭仔豬進(jìn)行屠宰取樣。結(jié)果表明:鐮刀菌毒素顯著降低了(P0.05)十二指腸和空腸的乳糖酶活性、空腸和回腸的蔗糖酶活性、結(jié)腸的乳糖酶和蔗糖酶活性、空腸和回腸的過(guò)氧化氫酶活力以及十二指腸、回腸和結(jié)腸的總超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶活力,而空腸和回腸的丙二醛含量以及十二指腸IL-1β、十二指腸和空腸的IL-6、結(jié)腸IL-1β和IL-6的mRNA顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),且小腸和結(jié)腸促炎性因子的mRNA表達(dá)量存在正相關(guān)關(guān)系(P0.05);與對(duì)照組相比,鐮刀菌毒素組小腸各段促炎性因子IL-1β和IL-6的陽(yáng)性染色從分散在固有層細(xì)胞上向絨毛淋巴細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)集中,而結(jié)腸的IL-1β和IL-6陽(yáng)性點(diǎn)主要分布在固有層細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)上。第二階段以第一階段屠宰試驗(yàn)后剩余的30頭仔豬為試驗(yàn)動(dòng)物,對(duì)照組剩余10頭繼續(xù)飼喂基礎(chǔ)飼糧;鐮刀菌毒素組剩余20頭仔豬隨機(jī)分為兩個(gè)處理組,10頭繼續(xù)飼喂毒素飼糧作為鐮刀菌毒素組,10頭改飼基礎(chǔ)飼糧作為恢復(fù)組;試驗(yàn)期21 d,結(jié)束后進(jìn)行屠宰取樣。結(jié)果表明:與對(duì)照組相比,鐮刀菌毒素顯著降低了(P0.05)小腸二糖酶的活性、十二指腸的總超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶活力以及空腸和回腸的抗氧化酶活力,而小腸各腸段丙二醛含量顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05);與鐮刀菌毒素組相比,恢復(fù)組十二指腸的蔗糖酶活性、空腸和回腸的蔗糖酶和麥芽糖酶活性、十二指腸和空腸的總超氧化物歧化酶活力、十二指腸和回腸的谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶活力、空腸和回腸的過(guò)氧化氫酶活力顯著升高(P0.05),小腸各腸段丙二醛含量有顯著的降低(P0.05)。整個(gè)試驗(yàn)期鐮刀菌毒素顯著降低了(P0.05)仔豬的平均日采食量和日增重,而料重比則顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05);與鐮刀菌毒素組相比,恢復(fù)組的平均日增重和料重比有明顯的改善(P0.05)。以上結(jié)果表明,本試驗(yàn)條件下,鐮刀菌毒素能夠通過(guò)氧化應(yīng)激途徑對(duì)腸道造成損傷并激發(fā)腸道的炎癥反應(yīng),最終對(duì)斷奶仔豬生產(chǎn)性能產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。停飼鐮刀菌毒素飼糧21d后斷奶仔豬的生產(chǎn)性能和腸道損傷有明顯恢復(fù),說(shuō)明仔豬腸道能通過(guò)自身免疫修復(fù)改善生長(zhǎng)情況。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Fusarium toxin on production performance, intestinal disaccharide enzyme activity, oxidative stress, distribution of intestinal pro-inflammatory factors and expression of mRNA in weaned piglets. The experiment was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, 50 female piglets with body weight of 8.45 鹵0.94 kg were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 20) and Fusarium toxin group (n = 30). The control group was fed with basic diet, and the Fusarium toxin group was fed with Fusarium toxin (0.90 mg/kg, vomiting toxin 1.43 mg/kg, tobacco aspergillus toxin 5.85 mg/kg) for 7 days. At the end of the trial, 10 piglets were slaughtered and sampled. The results showed that the activities of lactase in duodenum and jejunum, sucrase activity in jejunum and ileum, lactase and sucrase activity in colon were significantly decreased by Fusarium toxin. The activity of catalase in jejunum and ileum, the activity of total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in duodenum, ileum and colon, the content of malondialdehyde in jejunum and ileum and IL-1 尾 in duodenum. The mRNA of IL-6, colon IL-1 尾 and IL-6 in duodenum and jejunum were significantly higher than those in control group (P0.05), and there was a positive correlation between mRNA expression of small intestine and colon proinflammatory factor (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the positive staining of proinflammatory factors IL-1 尾 and IL-6 in the small intestinal segments of the Fusarium toxin group was concentrated from the cells scattered in the lamina propria to the cytoplasm of the chorionic lymphocytes. The positive spots of IL-1 尾 and IL-6 in colon were mainly located in the cytoplasm of lamina propria. In the second stage, the remaining 30 piglets after the first stage slaughter trial were used as experimental animals, while the remaining 10 piglets in the control group continued to be fed with basic diet. The remaining 20 piglets in Fusarium toxin group were randomly divided into two groups: 10 piglets were fed with toxin as Fusarium toxin diet, 10 piglets were fed basal diet as recovery group, and slaughtered samples were taken after 21 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, Fusarium toxin significantly decreased the activity of small intestinal dismutase, total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (Glutathione peroxidase) in duodenum, and antioxidant enzyme activity in jejunum and ileum. The content of malondialdehyde in small intestine was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with Fusarium toxin group, sucrase activity in duodenum, sucrase and maltase activity in jejunum and ileum, total superoxide dismutase activity in duodenum and jejunum in recovery group, and total superoxide dismutase activity in duodenum and jejunum. Glutathione peroxidase activity in duodenum and ileum, catalase activity in jejunum and ileum increased significantly (P0.05), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in intestine decreased significantly (P0.05). The average daily feed intake and daily gain of piglets were significantly decreased (P0.05), while the feed to weight ratio was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). Compared with the Fusarium toxin group, the average daily gain and feed weight ratio of the recovery group were significantly improved (P0.05). The above results indicated that Fusarium toxin could damage the intestine and stimulate the inflammatory reaction of the intestine through the oxidative stress pathway under the condition of this experiment and finally had a negative effect on the production performance of weaning piglets. The production performance and intestinal injury of weaned piglets recovered obviously after 21 days of discontinuation of Fusarium toxin diet, which indicated that intestinal tract of piglets could improve growth through autoimmune repair.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S858.28

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