【摘要】：維氏氣單胞菌(Aeromonas veronii AV)是一種人獸魚共患病病原菌,其危害程度已經(jīng)引起有關(guān)專家學(xué)者的重視,部分國(guó)家已經(jīng)將該菌列為食品安全的檢疫項(xiàng)目之一,但是有關(guān)維氏氣單胞菌的研究進(jìn)展較為緩慢。因此本實(shí)驗(yàn)以分離自吉林某鯉魚場(chǎng)的JLL-1菌株為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,對(duì)其主要生物學(xué)特性進(jìn)行研究,為維氏氣單胞菌的鑒定提供進(jìn)一步的理論指導(dǎo)。由于滅活疫苗,其制備方便,免疫效果好,容易受到廣大養(yǎng)殖戶的青睞,因此本實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)JLL-1菌株進(jìn)行滅活疫苗免疫效果的觀察。本實(shí)驗(yàn)首先對(duì)維氏氣單胞菌JLL-1菌株進(jìn)行主要生物學(xué)特性研究:通過革蘭氏染色鏡檢觀察該菌株為革蘭氏陰性短桿菌;在液體LB培養(yǎng)基中可出現(xiàn)二次生長(zhǎng)的現(xiàn)象;可在EMB培養(yǎng)基、BS培養(yǎng)基和SS培養(yǎng)基等多種培養(yǎng)基中生長(zhǎng)良好;其耐受性較強(qiáng),可在溫度25℃~42℃、pH值6~10、NaCL含量0%~4%中生長(zhǎng);藥物敏感實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析得出,JLL-1菌株對(duì)16種藥物敏感,約占檢測(cè)藥物的69.57%,而處于中介及耐藥藥物分別占測(cè)定藥物的17.39%和13.04%;該菌的半數(shù)致死量為3.98×104CFU/mL,可引起魚鰭、鰓出血,腹腔有大量黃色或帶血腹水,腸管充血,呈急性死亡等癥狀。對(duì)滅活疫苗組及PBS組在免疫前0周及免疫后第1周、第2周、第3周、第4周每組隨機(jī)取10尾魚尾靜脈采血,部分抗凝血用于白細(xì)胞吞噬實(shí)驗(yàn),其余則制備血清,用于測(cè)定各免疫指標(biāo)。結(jié)果顯示,JLL-1滅活疫苗可有效增強(qiáng)錦鯉的免疫力:酸性磷酸酶(ACP)在免疫1周后呈顯著上升趨勢(shì),在第二周達(dá)到峰值104.6金氏單位/100mL后有所下降,但仍高于對(duì)照組;堿性磷酸酶(AKP)則呈先下降后上升趨勢(shì),但仍達(dá)不到免疫前的水平;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)呈顯著上升趨勢(shì),免疫2周后達(dá)到最大值224U/mL,之后下降,但在第4周仍高于對(duì)照組;白細(xì)胞吞噬指數(shù)(PI)也呈上升趨勢(shì),在第3周達(dá)到最大值2.9;白細(xì)胞吞噬百分比(PP)也同樣在第3周達(dá)到最大值36.67%,其變化趨勢(shì)與白細(xì)胞吞噬指數(shù)(PI)一致;血清的殺菌活性則在免疫第1周到第4周都維持在較高水平,其細(xì)菌的存活指數(shù)分別為59.42、36.57、8.23和46.49;免疫組抗體效價(jià)從第0周的1:40開始上升,第1周為1:160,在第2周達(dá)到1:320,第3周達(dá)到最大抗體效價(jià)1:1280,第4周下降到1:640,而對(duì)照組抗體效價(jià)始終維持在1:40;免疫四周后進(jìn)行攻毒試驗(yàn),經(jīng)14d觀察計(jì)算出相對(duì)免疫保護(hù)率為88%,有較好的保護(hù)性。
[Abstract]:Aeromonas Vickers (Aeromonas veronii AV) is a zoonotic pathogen of human orcs, which has attracted the attention of relevant experts and scholars, and has been listed as one of the quarantine items in food safety in some countries. However, the progress of Aeromonas Vickers is relatively slow. Therefore, the main biological characteristics of JLL-1 strains isolated from a carp farm in Jilin Province were studied in order to provide further theoretical guidance for the identification of Aeromonas Vickers. Because the inactivated vaccine is easy to prepare, the immune effect is good, and it is easy to be favored by the farmers, so the inactivated vaccine of JLL-1 strain was observed in this experiment. In this experiment, the main biological characteristics of Aeromonas Vickers (JLL-1) strain were studied: Gram-negative bacilli were observed by Gram staining, and secondary growth was observed in liquid LB medium. It can grow well in EMB medium, BS medium and SS medium, its tolerance is strong, it can grow in 25 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2360900