【摘要】：本文針對(duì)馬鈴薯淀粉生產(chǎn)中產(chǎn)生的薯渣不易儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸、污染環(huán)境、開(kāi)發(fā)利用不充分等問(wèn)題展開(kāi)研究。以馬鈴薯渣為主要原料,采用單一菌種和復(fù)合菌種發(fā)酵試驗(yàn)篩選出最優(yōu)菌種;利用小麥秸稈,玉米秸稈等農(nóng)作物廢料作為輔料發(fā)酵生產(chǎn)蛋白飼料,對(duì)蛋白飼料培養(yǎng)基配方進(jìn)行優(yōu)化;并研究了用篩選出的菌種固態(tài)發(fā)酵馬鈴薯渣生產(chǎn)蛋白飼料的工藝,最后通過(guò)體外離體模擬試驗(yàn)對(duì)發(fā)酵前后的蛋白飼料營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值進(jìn)行分析與對(duì)比。研究結(jié)果如下:(1)通過(guò)單菌發(fā)酵試驗(yàn),比較各個(gè)菌種發(fā)酵后產(chǎn)物中粗蛋白和真蛋白含量的變化情況;再經(jīng)過(guò)復(fù)合菌種發(fā)酵試驗(yàn),比較雙菌和三菌組合發(fā)酵產(chǎn)物中粗蛋白和真蛋白含量的變化情況。結(jié)果表明:雙菌發(fā)酵產(chǎn)物中粗蛋白含量明顯高于單菌發(fā)酵,三菌組合略低于雙菌組合,故確定復(fù)合菌種組合為黑曲霉+產(chǎn)朊假絲酵母,其接種比例為1:1.5,接種量為7.5%。(2)以麩皮、玉米秸稈、玉米芯、小麥秸稈、菜籽秸稈等作為輔料發(fā)酵生產(chǎn)蛋白飼料,通過(guò)單因素試驗(yàn)和響應(yīng)面法分析優(yōu)化,結(jié)果表明:選擇小麥秸稈和麩皮作為發(fā)酵輔料,尿素為無(wú)機(jī)氮源。確定最佳培養(yǎng)基配方為:最佳復(fù)合菌種配比(黑曲霉:產(chǎn)朊假絲酵母)為(1:1.5),接種量為7.5%,尿素添加量為2.5%,KH2PO4的添加量為1.5%,輔料(小麥秸稈:麩皮=1;1)添加量為10%。(3)研究了馬鈴薯渣發(fā)酵蛋白飼料的發(fā)酵工藝,結(jié)合均勻設(shè)計(jì)和響應(yīng)面試驗(yàn),得出最佳的發(fā)酵工藝條件為:培養(yǎng)基水分含量為50%;糖化時(shí)間為30min;糖化溫度為30℃;發(fā)酵時(shí)間為42h;發(fā)酵溫度為30℃;酶添加量為4%。測(cè)定結(jié)果表明,發(fā)酵產(chǎn)品中粗蛋白和真蛋白含量較發(fā)酵前有顯著提高。(4)通過(guò)體外離體模擬試驗(yàn),可以得出,馬鈴薯渣發(fā)酵蛋白飼料與發(fā)酵前相比,干物質(zhì)、粗蛋白、粗纖維素和粗脂肪的消化率均明顯提高,粗纖維和粗蛋白的消化率提高最明顯,由此得出,微生物發(fā)酵的蛋白飼料可提高飼料的利用率。
[Abstract]:In this paper, potato dregs produced in potato starch production are not easy to store and transport, pollute the environment, and develop and utilize them insufficiently. Using potato dregs as the main raw material, the optimum strain was screened by single strain and compound strain fermentation test. Wheat straw, corn straw and other crop wastes were used as auxiliary materials to produce protein feed, and the formula of protein feed medium was optimized. The technology of producing protein feed from potato dregs was studied. Finally, the nutritional value of protein feed before and after fermentation was analyzed and compared by in vitro simulation experiment. The results are as follows: (1) the changes of crude protein and true protein content in the fermentation products of each strain were compared by single strain fermentation test; The changes of crude protein and true protein in the fermentation products of two and three strains were compared. The results showed that the content of crude protein in the fermentation product was significantly higher than that in the single strain fermentation, and the combination of three bacteria was slightly lower than that of the double bacteria combination, so the compound strain combination was determined to be Candida Niger, and the inoculation ratio was 1: 1.5. (2) using wheat bran, corn stalk, corn cob, wheat straw and rapeseed straw as auxiliary materials to produce protein feed, the protein feed was optimized by single factor test and response surface method. The results showed that wheat straw and wheat bran were selected as auxiliary materials and urea as inorganic nitrogen source. The optimum medium formula was determined as follows: the optimum compound strain ratio (Aspergillus Niger: Candida prion) was (1: 1.5), the inoculation amount was 7.5, the amount of urea was 2.5 and the amount of KH2PO4 was 1.5. Auxiliary materials (wheat straw: wheat bran = 1; The results are as follows: (1) the fermentation process of fermented protein feed from potato dregs was studied. The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: water content in culture medium was 50, saccharification time was 30 minutes, and the optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: (1) the optimum fermentation conditions were: water content in culture medium was 50, saccharification time was 30 minutes, and response surface test was carried out. The saccharification temperature is 30 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2344836