【摘要】：本試驗通過研究長大二元母豬體尺性狀與體重、達100kg體重日齡之間的相關關系,配種前活體背膘厚度與其配種妊娠率、配種分娩率、繁殖性狀之間的相關關系,采用相關分析和通徑分析方法,旨在找出影響二元母豬體重的主要性狀及配種前的適宜背膘厚,為豬場選擇后備母豬群提供理論參考依據(jù)。本研究選取100kg體重左右的223頭后備長大二元母豬為試驗動物,測定體長、體高、胸圍、胸寬、胸深、管圍、臀寬7個體尺性狀及體重、達100kg體重校正日齡。配種前按個體背膘厚度分為4組,11~13mm;14~16mm;17~20mm;20~23mm。試驗結果表明:(1)測定的體尺性狀均與達100kg體重日齡均有相關性。其中臀寬和體高、胸圍是影響達100kg體重日齡的主要性狀,相關系數(shù)分別為-0.557、-0.534、-0.522(P0.01);體長和胸深與達100kg體重日齡相關系數(shù)不顯著(P0.05)。胸寬、管圍主要通過臀寬、體高對達100kg體重日齡其作用。(2)體尺性狀中影響體重的主要性狀是臀寬、胸圍、體高,相關系數(shù)分別為0.614、0.568、0.539(P0.01);胸寬、胸深、體高、管圍與體重也呈極顯著相關(P0.01),只是是通過臀寬、胸圍、體高對體重起作用。(3)長大二元母豬配種前背膘厚度14~17mm配種率最高,為89.19%,分別比其他組高出22.63%、1.64%、17.56%;背膘厚度17~20mm組的配種妊娠率、配種分娩率均最高,分別為89.39%、83.33%,與背膘厚度11~13mm、14~17mm、20~23mm組的配種妊娠率相比分別高出33.33%、2.51%、9.26%,配種分娩率分別高出32.33%、0.94%、7.84%。(4)配種前背膘厚度17~20mm組的當胎窩均產活仔數(shù)顯著高于背膘厚度11~13mm組(P0.05),與其他兩組相比差異不顯著(P0.05);而背膘厚度17~20mm組的總產仔數(shù)顯著高于其他三組(P0.05);且初生窩重也顯著高于背膘厚度11~13mm、20~23mm組(P0.05),而背膘厚度14~17mm組與其他三組的初生窩重差異均不顯著(P0.05)。綜上所述,臀寬、體高、胸圍指標是影響長達二元母豬的體重及達100kg體重日齡的主要性狀;配種前背膘厚度在17-20mm的母豬的當胎配種受胎率及繁殖性能最佳。
[Abstract]:This experiment was conducted to study the correlation between body size traits and body weight, 100kg body weight and body weight, and the correlation between backfat thickness and pregnancy rate, breeding delivery rate and reproductive traits before mating. By means of correlation analysis and path analysis, this paper aims to find out the main characters that affect the body weight of dualistic sows and the suitable backfat thickness before breeding, and to provide a theoretical reference for the selection of back-up sows in pig farms. In this study, we selected 223 back-up adult sows about 100kg weight as experimental animals, measured body length, body height, chest circumference, chest width, chest depth, tube circumference, buttock width, and body weight, and reached the age of 100kg body weight correction day. Before mating, they were divided into 4 groups according to individual backfat thickness. The results showed that: (1) the body size traits were correlated with the body weight age of 100kg. The hip width, body height and chest circumference were the main traits affecting the body weight of 100kg, the correlation coefficients were -0.557- 0.534- 0.522 (P0.01), and the correlation coefficient between body length, chest depth and 100kg body weight was not significant (P0.05). The effects of chest width, tube circumference and body height on the body weight reached the age of 100kg body weight. (2) the main traits affecting body weight were hip width, chest circumference, body height, correlation coefficient were 0.614, 0.568, 0.539 (P0.01); Chest width, chest depth, body height, tube circumference and body weight were also significantly correlated (P0.01), but only through breech width, chest circumference and body height played an important role on body weight. (3) 14~17mm breeding rate of backfat thickness before breeding was the highest (89.19). They were 22.63, 1.64 and 17.56 higher than those of the other groups respectively. The pregnancy rate and delivery rate of backfat thickness 17~20mm group were the highest, which were 89.39 and 83.33, respectively. Compared with the backfat thickness of 1113mm / 1417mm / 2023mm group, the pregnancy rate of the backfat thickness 17~20mm group was 33.33 / 2.51and 9.26mm higher than that of the backfat thickness (1113mm / 1417mm / 2023mm) group, respectively. (4) the average number of live litter in 17~20mm group with backfat thickness before mating was significantly higher than that in 11~13mm group with backfat thickness (P0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). The total litter size of 17~20mm group was significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P0.05). The primary litter weight of the 14~17mm group was significantly higher than that of the backfat thickness group (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the backfat thickness 14~17mm group and the other three groups (P0.05). To sum up, the hip width, body height and chest circumference were the main characters affecting the body weight and the age of 100kg body weight of dualistic sows, and the foetus conception rate and reproductive performance of 17-20mm sows with backfat thickness before breeding were the best.
【學位授予單位】：河北農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S828

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