【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)研究了陰外動(dòng)脈灌注乳脂前體物對(duì)奶牛產(chǎn)奶量及乳腺內(nèi)短鏈脂肪酸攝取規(guī)律的影響。選擇8頭健康荷斯坦奶牛分為2組,每組4頭牛。采用2×2交叉試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),2組分別飼喂2種不同粗飼料[苜蓿(MF組)、玉米秸稈(CS組)]的飼糧,飼糧的精粗比為45∶55。試驗(yàn)分為2階段,每階段20 d,其中預(yù)試期14 d,載體灌注期3 d,乳脂前體物灌注期3 d。在載體灌注期,MF組與CS組均接受載體灌注,分別命名為MFC_1組和CSC組;在乳脂前體物灌注期,MF組繼續(xù)接受載體灌注(MFC_2組),CS組灌注乳脂前體物(CSF組)。測(cè)定產(chǎn)奶量、干物質(zhì)采食量及乳成分。采集尾動(dòng)脈和乳靜脈血漿測(cè)定短鏈脂肪酸濃度和脂肪酸比例。結(jié)果表明:1)在灌注乳脂前體物前,CSC組產(chǎn)奶量、4%乳脂校正乳產(chǎn)量、乳脂產(chǎn)量、乳蛋白產(chǎn)量和產(chǎn)乳脂效率顯著低于MFC_1組(P0.05),CSC組尾動(dòng)脈血漿中短鏈脂肪酸濃度及短鏈脂肪酸/長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酸有低于MFC_1組的趨勢(shì)(0.05≤P0.10)。2)灌注乳脂前體物后,CSF組產(chǎn)乳脂效率和乳蛋白率顯著高于CSC組(P0.05),CSF組產(chǎn)奶量、4%乳脂校正乳產(chǎn)量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率盡管在數(shù)值上仍然低于MFC_2組,但組間差異不顯著(P0.05),而CSF組產(chǎn)乳脂效率顯著高于MFC_2組(P0.05)。3)灌注乳脂前體物后,CSF組尾動(dòng)脈血漿中乙酸、丙酸以及短鏈脂肪酸濃度顯著高于CSC組(P0.05),且乙酸、丁酸及短鏈脂肪酸濃度顯著高于MFC_2組(P0.05),短鏈脂肪酸/長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酸有低于MFC_2組的趨勢(shì)(0.05≤P0.10)。4)除CSF組丁酸動(dòng)靜脈差有高于CSC組的趨勢(shì)(0.05≤P0.10)外,CSC組與MFC_1組、CSC組與CSF組、CSF組與MFC_2組乳腺對(duì)乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、短鏈脂肪酸的攝取量、攝取率和動(dòng)靜脈差均無(wú)顯著差異(P0.05)。結(jié)果提示,以玉米秸稈為粗飼料奶牛灌注乳脂前體物可顯著增加奶牛的產(chǎn)奶量、乳脂率和乳脂產(chǎn)量,并達(dá)到與以苜蓿等為粗飼料相似的水平,且具有較高的產(chǎn)乳脂效率,但對(duì)乳腺內(nèi)短鏈脂肪酸的攝取量和攝取率無(wú)顯著的影響。
[Abstract]:This experiment was conducted to study the effect of milk fat precursor infused by external negative artery on milk yield and intake of intramammary short chain fatty acids in dairy cows. Eight healthy Holstein cows were divided into 2 groups with 4 cows in each group. The 2 脳 2 cross experiment design was used. The two groups were fed with two different kinds of forage diet (MF group and CS group) respectively. The ratio of fine to coarse diet was 45: 55. The experiment was divided into two stages, each stage was 20 days, in which the pretest period was 14 days, the carrier perfusion period was 3 days, and the milk precursor perfusion period was 3 days. During the period of carrier perfusion, MF group and CS group received carrier perfusion, named MFC_1 group and CSC group, while MF group continued to receive carrier perfusion (MFC_2 group,), CS group, CSF group). Milk yield, dry matter intake and milk composition were measured. The concentration and proportion of short chain fatty acids were measured in caudal artery and milk vein. The results showed that: 1) the milk yield, corrected milk yield, milk fat yield, milk protein yield and milk fat efficiency of CSC group were significantly lower than those of MFC_1 group (P0.05). The concentrations of short chain fatty acids and short chain fatty acids / long chain fatty acids in caudal artery of CSC group were lower than those in MFC_1 group (0. 05 鈮，

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