【摘要】：生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)是生豬供應(yīng)鏈的起點(diǎn),也是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)事件高發(fā)環(huán)節(jié),養(yǎng)殖戶濫用獸藥、使用受污染飼料飼水以及疫病防疫、飼養(yǎng)環(huán)境維護(hù)、病死豬無害化處理等不當(dāng)行為均會(huì)引發(fā)生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn),影響且直接導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)環(huán)節(jié)的損害,致使整個(gè)生豬供應(yīng)鏈陷入惡性循環(huán)。因此,對(duì)生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行有效識(shí)別和測(cè)度既可以降低生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn),還可以提高生豬供應(yīng)鏈風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理效率。文章通過對(duì)既有文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理,結(jié)合江蘇省阜寧縣生豬養(yǎng)殖散戶和規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖戶的實(shí)地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡(luò)方法對(duì)生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來源及其要素構(gòu)成進(jìn)行了深入分析。研究結(jié)果表明,生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要表現(xiàn)在內(nèi)部安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、外部安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和系統(tǒng)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)三個(gè)方面。從生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)內(nèi)部安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來看,生豬養(yǎng)殖戶對(duì)安全生產(chǎn)政策的不當(dāng)認(rèn)知是最為重要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,其次來自于生豬養(yǎng)殖戶的病死豬不當(dāng)處理行為和不當(dāng)?shù)墨F藥施用行為。從生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)外部安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來看,相關(guān)部門對(duì)生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全監(jiān)管不力、生豬養(yǎng)殖戶獲取安全生產(chǎn)信息難度較大也可能會(huì)帶來相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。從生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)系統(tǒng)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來看,除發(fā)生自然災(zāi)害與生豬產(chǎn)生疫病外,生豬養(yǎng)殖的成本較高、生豬收購價(jià)格過低以及生豬需求量的波動(dòng)也是不容忽視的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。對(duì)此,文章有針對(duì)性地提出對(duì)策建議,主要包括:提高生豬養(yǎng)殖戶的認(rèn)知能力,加速生豬供應(yīng)鏈縱向整合,加大對(duì)疾病與自然災(zāi)害的監(jiān)控與預(yù)測(cè),提高生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈集中度,以減少生豬供應(yīng)鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
[Abstract]:The production link is the starting point of the pig supply chain as well as the link of high risk events. Farmers abuse veterinary drugs, feed water with contaminated feed, prevent epidemic disease, and maintain the breeding environment. Improper behaviors such as innocuous treatment of sick and dead pigs can lead to safety risk in production link of pig supply chain, which will directly lead to damage of consumption link and lead to vicious circle of whole pig supply chain. Therefore, the effective identification and measurement of the production risk of pig supply chain can not only reduce the safety risk in the production link of pig supply chain, but also improve the efficiency of risk management in pig supply chain. Through the systematic analysis of the existing literature, combined with the field investigation data of live pig farmers and large-scale farmers in Funing County, Jiangsu Province, In this paper, Bayesian network method is used to analyze the source of safety risk and its essential elements in pig supply chain. The results show that the safety risk in the production link of pig supply chain is mainly manifested in three aspects: internal security risk, external security risk and system security risk. From the point of view of the internal safety risk in the production link of the pig supply chain, the improper cognition of the production safety policy among pig farmers is the most important risk factor. Secondly, the improper handling of sick and dead pigs and the improper application of veterinary drugs came from pig farmers. From the external safety risk of pig supply chain, the safety supervision of pig supply chain is weak, and the difficulty of obtaining safe production information for pig breeders may bring related risks. From the point of view of the safety risk in the production link of pig supply chain, besides natural disasters and pig blight, the cost of pig breeding is high, the purchase price of live pig is too low and the fluctuation of pig demand is also the risk factor that can not be ignored. In this paper, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, including improving the cognitive ability of pig farmers, accelerating vertical integration of pig supply chain, increasing the monitoring and prediction of diseases and natural disasters, and improving the concentration degree of pig industry chain. In order to reduce the pig supply chain production safety risk.
【作者單位】： 江南大學(xué)江蘇省食品安全研究基地;江南大學(xué)商學(xué)院;蘇州大學(xué)東吳商學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目“農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)者安全生產(chǎn)政策的實(shí)驗(yàn)評(píng)估及其組合設(shè)計(jì):以病死豬無害化處理為例”(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):71673115),“病死豬流入市場(chǎng)的生豬養(yǎng)殖戶行為實(shí)驗(yàn)及政策研究”(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):71540008),“考慮農(nóng)戶行為偏好的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)研究”(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):71371086)
【分類號(hào)】：F326.3

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