【摘要】：生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)是生豬供應鏈的起點,也是風險事件高發(fā)環(huán)節(jié),養(yǎng)殖戶濫用獸藥、使用受污染飼料飼水以及疫病防疫、飼養(yǎng)環(huán)境維護、病死豬無害化處理等不當行為均會引發(fā)生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風險,影響且直接導致消費環(huán)節(jié)的損害,致使整個生豬供應鏈陷入惡性循環(huán)。因此,對生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風險進行有效識別和測度既可以降低生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風險,還可以提高生豬供應鏈風險管理效率。文章通過對既有文獻進行系統(tǒng)梳理,結(jié)合江蘇省阜寧縣生豬養(yǎng)殖散戶和規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖戶的實地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),運用貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡方法對生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風險來源及其要素構(gòu)成進行了深入分析。研究結(jié)果表明,生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全風險主要表現(xiàn)在內(nèi)部安全風險、外部安全風險和系統(tǒng)安全風險三個方面。從生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)內(nèi)部安全風險來看,生豬養(yǎng)殖戶對安全生產(chǎn)政策的不當認知是最為重要的風險因素,其次來自于生豬養(yǎng)殖戶的病死豬不當處理行為和不當?shù)墨F藥施用行為。從生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)外部安全風險來看,相關(guān)部門對生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)安全監(jiān)管不力、生豬養(yǎng)殖戶獲取安全生產(chǎn)信息難度較大也可能會帶來相關(guān)風險。從生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)系統(tǒng)安全風險來看,除發(fā)生自然災害與生豬產(chǎn)生疫病外,生豬養(yǎng)殖的成本較高、生豬收購價格過低以及生豬需求量的波動也是不容忽視的風險因素。對此,文章有針對性地提出對策建議,主要包括:提高生豬養(yǎng)殖戶的認知能力,加速生豬供應鏈縱向整合,加大對疾病與自然災害的監(jiān)控與預測,提高生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈集中度,以減少生豬供應鏈生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)的安全風險。
[Abstract]:The production link is the starting point of the pig supply chain as well as the link of high risk events. Farmers abuse veterinary drugs, feed water with contaminated feed, prevent epidemic disease, and maintain the breeding environment. Improper behaviors such as innocuous treatment of sick and dead pigs can lead to safety risk in production link of pig supply chain, which will directly lead to damage of consumption link and lead to vicious circle of whole pig supply chain. Therefore, the effective identification and measurement of the production risk of pig supply chain can not only reduce the safety risk in the production link of pig supply chain, but also improve the efficiency of risk management in pig supply chain. Through the systematic analysis of the existing literature, combined with the field investigation data of live pig farmers and large-scale farmers in Funing County, Jiangsu Province, In this paper, Bayesian network method is used to analyze the source of safety risk and its essential elements in pig supply chain. The results show that the safety risk in the production link of pig supply chain is mainly manifested in three aspects: internal security risk, external security risk and system security risk. From the point of view of the internal safety risk in the production link of the pig supply chain, the improper cognition of the production safety policy among pig farmers is the most important risk factor. Secondly, the improper handling of sick and dead pigs and the improper application of veterinary drugs came from pig farmers. From the external safety risk of pig supply chain, the safety supervision of pig supply chain is weak, and the difficulty of obtaining safe production information for pig breeders may bring related risks. From the point of view of the safety risk in the production link of pig supply chain, besides natural disasters and pig blight, the cost of pig breeding is high, the purchase price of live pig is too low and the fluctuation of pig demand is also the risk factor that can not be ignored. In this paper, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, including improving the cognitive ability of pig farmers, accelerating vertical integration of pig supply chain, increasing the monitoring and prediction of diseases and natural disasters, and improving the concentration degree of pig industry chain. In order to reduce the pig supply chain production safety risk.
【作者單位】： 江南大學江蘇省食品安全研究基地;江南大學商學院;蘇州大學東吳商學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金面上項目“農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)者安全生產(chǎn)政策的實驗評估及其組合設計:以病死豬無害化處理為例”(批準號:71673115),“病死豬流入市場的生豬養(yǎng)殖戶行為實驗及政策研究”(批準號:71540008),“考慮農(nóng)戶行為偏好的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應鏈協(xié)調(diào)機制設計研究”(批準號:71371086)
【分類號】：F326.3

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