【摘要】：草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲量在全球碳庫中起著重要作用。近些年,草地退化使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲量受到嚴重影響。遼寧西北地區(qū)草地資源豐富,但一半以上的草地已趨于沙化、退化,使得生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲量大量流失,本研究以圍封作為沙化草地恢復措施,分別在遼寧西北7個縣中的草甸草原建立不同圍封年限的樣地,開展圍封對草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲量影響的研究,為深入了解草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲量的影響機制和更好保護草原提供理論依據。本研究研究結果如下:1.圍封樣地的群落高度,植被覆蓋度,土壤pH值、容重,植被、土壤碳含量,植被、土壤氮含量和磷養(yǎng)分含量等指標比對照樣地有相應的改善。其中各圍封樣地植被群落高度和覆蓋度都有所增加,增加量分別在4.64cm-96.04cm,1%-22.6%。各樣地的土壤pH大部分有所降低,在中性范圍左右,容重小幅度的增加。各圍封樣地的有機碳、全氮、全磷含量比未圍封樣地增加,且大部分達到顯著水平。2.所有圍封樣地凋落物生物量、地上總植物生物量、植物根系總生物量和凋落物碳儲量、地上總植物碳儲量、植物根系碳儲量都顯著增加,同時土壤總碳儲量也顯著增加。其中七個縣圍封樣地的凋落物生物量、地上總植物生物量、植物根系總生物量分別比未圍封對照樣地提高了11.04%-545.34%、56.08%-880.53%、460.25%-490.77%,七個縣圍封樣地的凋落物碳儲量、地上總植物碳儲量、植物根系碳儲量和土壤總碳儲量分別比對照提高了27.93%-564.00%、69.62%-927.13%、388.57%-615.73%、11.98%-365.96%。此外,七個縣圍封樣地的植物總生物量與植物總碳儲量之間均有顯著正相關關系(P0.05)。3.隨土壤深度的增加根系碳儲量和土壤碳儲量均會降低,0-10cm土層的碳儲量最高,其次是10-20cm土層,20-30cm土層最小。圍封對每層根系碳儲量和每層土壤碳儲量有增加作用。4.土壤總碳儲量占有最大的比重,在78.854%-97.368%之間;其次是地上植物總碳儲量和植物根系總碳儲量,且所占比重相差不大,分別在1.097%-11.597%和0.948%-10.641%之間;而凋落物碳儲量所占比重最小,往往低于3%。并且圍封樣地的植物碳儲量比比對照樣地增加。
[Abstract]:Grassland ecosystem carbon storage plays an important role in the global carbon pool. In recent years, grassland degradation has seriously affected ecosystem carbon storage. The grassland resources in northwest Liaoning Province are rich, but more than half of the grassland has become desertified and degraded, resulting in a large loss of carbon storage in the ecosystem. In this study, enclosure was used as the restoration measure of desertified grassland. In 7 counties of northwest Liaoning Province, the meadow steppe with different enclosed years was established to study the effects of enclosure on the carbon storage of grassland ecosystem. It provides theoretical basis for further understanding the influence mechanism of grassland ecosystem carbon storage and better protection of grassland. The results are as follows: 1. The community height, vegetation coverage, soil pH value, bulk density, vegetation, soil carbon content, vegetation, soil nitrogen content and phosphorus nutrient content of enclosed plot were improved. The vegetation community height and coverage of each enclosed plot were increased in 4.64cm-96.04cm ~ (-1) -22.6cm ~ (-1), respectively. The soil pH in various plots was mostly decreased, and the bulk density increased slightly in the neutral range. The contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the enclosed plots were higher than those in the unenclosed plots, and most of them reached a significant level of 2. 2. Litter biomass, total plant biomass, plant root biomass and litter carbon storage, total plant carbon storage, plant root carbon storage and soil total carbon storage increased significantly in all enclosed plots. The litter biomass, the aboveground total plant biomass and the total plant root biomass of the enclosed sample plots in seven counties were 11.04-545.34 and 56.08-880.53 and 460.25- 490.77, respectively. The litter carbon storage, the total plant carbon storage, the plant root carbon storage and the soil total carbon storage in the enclosed sample plots in seven counties were increased 27.93-564.00 and 69.62-927.130.388.57-615.73cm, respectively, compared with the control. 11.98- 365.96. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between plant biomass and plant total carbon storage in the enclosed sample plots in seven counties (P0.05). With the increase of soil depth, both root carbon storage and soil carbon storage will decrease. 0-10cm soil layer has the highest carbon storage, followed by 10-20cm soil layer, and 20-30cm soil layer is the smallest. Enclosure has an increasing effect on root carbon storage per layer and soil carbon storage per layer. 4. The soil total carbon storage accounted for the largest proportion, in the range of 78.854-97.368%; The second was the total carbon storage of aboveground plants and the total carbon storage of plant roots, which were between 1.097% -11.597% and 0.948 -10.641%, respectively, while the proportion of litter carbon storage was the smallest, which was often lower than that of 3%. And the ratio of plant carbon reserves in enclosed plots increased by the same amount.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S812

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