【摘要】：本次研究在2015年7月采集長沙生態(tài)動物園絕大部分動物的糞便,進行了一次寄生蟲調查。并從2012年到2015年進行樣品采集,共收集到5種蛔蟲成蟲,分別是馴養(yǎng)東北虎蛔蟲樣本、白獅蛔蟲樣本、獵豹蛔蟲樣本、棕熊(熊)蛔蟲樣本、斑馬蛔蟲樣本,采用實驗室PCR技術對5種蛔蟲線粒體coxl擴增測序,再用DNAstar5.0軟件進行比對分析,確定5個蛔蟲樣本的種內種間關系。此研究在野生動物園動物疾病操控中有實用價值,并為野生動物蛔蟲的研究和防控提供基礎數(shù)據(jù)。研究結果如下：1.本次調查對77種野生動物糞便進行分類取樣,其中27種動物感染寄生蟲, 感染率為35.5%。2.經調查發(fā)現(xiàn),球蟲、蛔蟲、線蟲、鞭蟲、絳蟲、吸蟲的感染率依次為2.6%,9.2%,43.4%,10.5%,5.3%,1.3%。3.經調查發(fā)現(xiàn),球蟲、蛔蟲、線蟲、鞭蟲、絳蟲、吸蟲感染強度依次為1-392,1-894,1--280(蛔蟲外其他線蟲),1-7,1--353,188--298。4.蛔蟲的分子線粒體DNA cox1基因片段核苷酸序列分析結果顯示：Pcox1序列種內差異較小,種間差異較明顯。因此得出結論,Pcox1基因的序列可以作為野生動物蛔蟲的遺傳標記。5.5種野生動物蛔蟲的線粒體coxl系統(tǒng)進化分析馴養(yǎng)東北虎、白獅、獵豹、棕熊(熊)、斑馬共5種蛔蟲樣本,比對系統(tǒng)進化樹結果顯示：馴養(yǎng)東北虎感染的蛔蟲是貓弓首蛔蟲,白獅和獵豹感染的蛔蟲是獅弓蛔蟲,棕熊感染的蛔蟲是貝蛔蟲,斑馬感染的蛔蟲是馬副蛔蟲。6.5種野生動物蛔蟲的線粒體coxl基因序列分析結果顯示：研究結果顯示,5種動物的蛔蟲樣本Pcox1基因序列的相似性均在95%以上,5種動物的蛔蟲樣本與GenBank中其他蛔蟲相應序列的相似度均低于92%。5種動物的蛔蟲樣本種間的差異(8.2%～15.6%)遠遠大于5種動物的蛔蟲樣本種內的變異(0-5.0%),說明Pcox1能為種間的遺傳變異研究提供遺傳標記,可用于5種動物的蛔蟲樣本蛔蟲的種間鑒定檢測。
[Abstract]:The study collected the feces of most animals from Changsha Ecological Zoo in July 2015 and conducted a parasite survey. From 2012 to 2015, five species of Ascaris lumbricoides were collected. They were domesticated Amur Ascaris, White Lion Ascaris, Cheetah Ascaris, Brown Bear Ascaris, zebra Ascaris. The mitochondrial coxl amplification and sequencing of five Ascaris lumbricoides were carried out by using laboratory PCR technique. The interspecific relationships of five Ascaris lumbricoides samples were determined by comparing and analyzing with DNAstar5.0 software. This study is of practical value in the manipulation of wild animal diseases and provides basic data for the study and prevention and control of Ascaris lumbricoides in wild animals. The results are as follows: 1. A total of 77 species of wild animal faeces were collected and 27 of them were infected with parasites, with an infection rate of 35. 5% and 2. 2%. The infection rate of coccidia, ascariasis, nematode, Trichuris, tapeworm and paragonimiasis was found to be 2.6and 9.2in turn. The results showed that the infection rates of coccidia, Ascaris lumbricoides, nematode, Trichuris, tapeworm and paragonimiasis were 1-392O1-8941-280 (other nematode), 1-71-353188 298.4. The nucleotide sequence analysis of molecular mitochondrial DNA cox1 gene of Ascaris lumbricoides showed that the difference of Pcox1 sequence was small in species and obvious in species. It was concluded that the sequence of Pcox1 gene could be used as a genetic marker of Ascaris lumbricoides in wild animals. 5. 5 species of wild animal Ascaris lumbricoides were collected from 5 species of Ascaris lumbricoides, including Amur tiger, white lion, cheetah, brown bear (bear) and zebra. The comparison of phylogenetic tree results showed that the infected Ascaris was a catworm, the white lion and cheetah infected the Ascaris, and the brown bear infected the Ascaris japonicus. The mitochondrial coxl gene sequence analysis of 6.5 species of wild animal Ascaris lumbricoides showed that the similarity of Pcox1 gene sequence of 5 kinds of animal samples was more than 95%. The similarity between Ascaris lumbricoides and other Ascaris in GenBank was lower than that in 92.5 species of Ascaris lumbricoides (8.2%), which was much larger than that in 5 species (0-5.0%), indicating that Pcox1 could be an interspecific genetic variation. Research provides genetic markers, It can be used for interspecific identification of Ascaris lumbricoides in 5 kinds of animals.
【學位授予單位】：湖南農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S852.7

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