營養(yǎng)舔磚對肉牛瘤胃發(fā)酵、血液生理生化指標(biāo)生產(chǎn)性能及肉品質(zhì)的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-24 08:49
【摘要】：本論文采用單因子完全試驗設(shè)計,將20月齡左右,體重427-24kg,90頭科爾沁黃牛共分成3組,每組30頭。在相同日糧飼喂模式下,試驗一組(糖蜜組)是在預(yù)飼期補飼糖蜜舔磚,正式試驗期補飼堿微舔磚；試驗二組(堿微組)是預(yù)飼期和正式期均補飼堿微舔磚；對照組無舔磚補飼,其他飼養(yǎng)模式相同。試驗期為194d,其中預(yù)飼期為14d,正式試驗期為180d,每隔30d采集一次飼料樣、血樣、瘤胃液樣和稱體重,出欄時每組隨機(jī)挑選5頭進(jìn)行屠宰并測定了相關(guān)的屠宰性能。研究結(jié)果如下：1.糖蜜組的干物質(zhì)采食量比對照組提高了5%(P0.05),而堿微組比對照組提高了4%(P0.05)；糖蜜組和堿微組之間的干物質(zhì)采食量則差異不顯著(P0.05)。糖蜜組與堿微組日增重比對照組分別提高了11.2%和8%,但各組間差異不顯著(P0.05)。糖蜜組、堿微組和對照組的料肉比分別7.29、7.5和7.73,但各組間沒有顯著差異(P0.05)。2.試驗兩組瘤胃pH均高于對照組,其中糖蜜組最高,各組間差異不顯著(P0.05)。除此之外乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、異丁酸、戊酸、異戊酸濃度也試驗組均高于對照組(P0.05)。試驗組瘤胃NH3-N與BCP濃度也略高于對照組(P＞0.05)。由此證明,利用營養(yǎng)舔磚更能保持肉牛瘤胃內(nèi)環(huán)境的理想的狀態(tài)。3.研究結(jié)果顯示：血液中白細(xì)胞數(shù)等多種免疫細(xì)胞數(shù)試驗兩組偏高與對照組(P0.05)；紅細(xì)胞與血小板總數(shù)對照組均高于補飼營養(yǎng)舔磚組(P0.05)。試驗開始30d時對照組血液中生長激素(GH)的濃度顯著高于糖蜜組(P0.05),堿微組與其它兩組之間差異不顯著(P＞0.05)。另采樣期中,試驗兩組均高于對照組,堿微組的最高(P＞0.05)；血液消脂素(LEP)濃度為,試驗兩組均高于對照組,其中堿微組略高于糖蜜組(P0.05)。血液胰島素樣生長因子(IGF)濃度為,試驗開始60d時試驗組均顯著高于對照組,糖蜜組最高(P0.05)；120d時糖蜜組顯著高于對照組(P0.05),堿微組與其它兩組無顯著差異,對照組最低(P0.05)；其它采樣點均無差異顯著(P＞0.05)。血液胰島素(INS)濃度為,試驗開始60d時糖蜜組顯著高于堿微組(P0.05),對照組與試驗組之間沒有顯著差異(P0.05)；120d時試驗組均顯著高于對照組(P0.05)；其他采樣點均無差異顯著(P0.05)。血液皮質(zhì)醇(Cor)濃度在各采樣點三組間均沒有顯著差異(P0.05)。補飼營養(yǎng)舔磚能夠增強(qiáng)肉牛血清中的總超氧化物歧化酶、30d和60d時試驗組均顯著高于對照組(P0.05)試驗組之間沒有顯著差異,其中糖蜜組最高,其他采樣點均無差異顯著(P0.05)；血液谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶(GSH-P X)濃度60d、120d和180d時試驗組均顯著高于對照組(P0.05),60和120d時試驗組之間沒有顯著差異,其中堿微組最高,180d時堿微組極顯著高于對照組(P0.01),顯著高于糖蜜組(P0.05),30d和90d時各組之間差異不顯著(P0.05)；血液鈣(Ca)濃度為30d和60d時試驗組均極顯著高于對照組(P0.01),試驗組之間沒有顯著差異,其中糖蜜組最高,其他采樣點均無差異顯著(P＞0.05)；血液磷(P)濃度為,180d時堿微組顯著高于對照組(P0.05),糖蜜組與其他兩組之間沒有顯著差異,對照組最低；其他采樣點均無差異顯著(P0.05)；血液銅蘭蛋白(CP)濃度為,整個試驗期間各組之間均無差異顯著(P0.05)；血液乳酸脫氫酶(LDH-L)濃度為,試驗開始60d時試驗組均極顯著高于對照組(P0.01),試驗組之間沒有顯著差異,其中堿微組最高,180d時堿微組顯著高于對照組(P0.05),糖蜜組與其他兩組之間沒有顯著差異,對照組最低；血液堿性磷酸酶(ALP)濃度為整個試驗期間各組之間均無差異顯著(p0.05)。4.補飼營養(yǎng)舔磚對肉牛屠宰性能的沒有不良影響。5.營養(yǎng)舔磚對肉牛經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的影響。糖蜜組比對照組每頭多盈利1.20元/d, 堿微組比對照組每頭多盈利0.55元/d。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a single factor complete trial design was used to divide 20 months of age, 427-24kg body weight and 90 Horqin yellow cattle into 3 groups, 30 heads each. In the same diet feeding mode, the test group (molasses group) was fed with molasses licking brick during the pre-feeding period, feeding alkali micro-licked brick in the formal test period; two groups (alkali micro group) were fed alkali microlicking brick during the pre-feeding period and the formal period; the control group had no licking brick feeding, and the other feeding modes were the same. The test period was 194d, in which the pre-feeding period was 14d, the formal test period was 180d, a feed sample, a blood sample, a gastric juice sample and a body weight were collected every 30d, 5 heads were randomly selected for slaughter and the related slaughtering performance was determined at the time of the column. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The feed intake of dry matter in molasses group was increased by 5% (P <0.05) than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the daily gain of the molasses group and the base microgroup increased by 11.2% and 8% respectively, but the difference among the groups was not significant (P0.05). The ratio of meat to meat in molasses group, alkali microgroup and control group was 7.29, 5.7. 5 and 7.73 respectively, but there was no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). The rumen pH of the two groups was higher than that in the control group, among which the highest in the molasses group and no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). In addition, the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, pentanoic acid and isovalerate were higher than those in the control group (P0.05). The concentration of NH3-N and BCP in rumen of the test group was also slightly higher than that in the control group (P> 0.05). It is proved that using nutritional licking brick can keep the ideal state of the environment in the rumen of beef cattle. The results showed that the number of white blood cells in blood was higher than that in control group (P0.05). The concentration of growth hormone (GH) in blood of control group was significantly higher than that of molasses group (P0.05). In the other sampling period, both groups were higher than those in the control group (P> 0.05), and the concentration of LEP was higher than that in the control group (P> 0.05). The serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) concentration was higher than that in control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in other sampling points (P> 0.05). The concentration of insulin (INS) was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the concentration of blood cortisol (Cor) between the three groups (P0.05). The total superoxide dismutase (SOD, 30d, and 60d) in serum of beef cattle was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-P X) concentration 60d, 120d and 180d was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group (P0.01), the concentration of calcium (Ca) was 30d and 60d (P0.05). There was no significant difference in other sampling points (P> 0.05); the concentration of P (P) was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). The concentration of serum copper-blue protein (CP) was not significant (P0.05). The concentration of LDH-L was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.01). In 180d, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). There was no adverse effect on the slaughtering performance of beef cattle by supplementing nutrition licking brick. Effect of nutritional licking brick on economic benefit of beef cattle. Compared with the control group, the molasses group was more profitable than the control group with a profit of RMB 1. 20 yuan/ d, and the base micro-group was more profitable than the control group at a profit of 0. 55 yuan/ d.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823.5
本文編號：2290905
[Abstract]:In this paper, a single factor complete trial design was used to divide 20 months of age, 427-24kg body weight and 90 Horqin yellow cattle into 3 groups, 30 heads each. In the same diet feeding mode, the test group (molasses group) was fed with molasses licking brick during the pre-feeding period, feeding alkali micro-licked brick in the formal test period; two groups (alkali micro group) were fed alkali microlicking brick during the pre-feeding period and the formal period; the control group had no licking brick feeding, and the other feeding modes were the same. The test period was 194d, in which the pre-feeding period was 14d, the formal test period was 180d, a feed sample, a blood sample, a gastric juice sample and a body weight were collected every 30d, 5 heads were randomly selected for slaughter and the related slaughtering performance was determined at the time of the column. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The feed intake of dry matter in molasses group was increased by 5% (P <0.05) than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the daily gain of the molasses group and the base microgroup increased by 11.2% and 8% respectively, but the difference among the groups was not significant (P0.05). The ratio of meat to meat in molasses group, alkali microgroup and control group was 7.29, 5.7. 5 and 7.73 respectively, but there was no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). The rumen pH of the two groups was higher than that in the control group, among which the highest in the molasses group and no significant difference among the groups (P0.05). In addition, the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, pentanoic acid and isovalerate were higher than those in the control group (P0.05). The concentration of NH3-N and BCP in rumen of the test group was also slightly higher than that in the control group (P> 0.05). It is proved that using nutritional licking brick can keep the ideal state of the environment in the rumen of beef cattle. The results showed that the number of white blood cells in blood was higher than that in control group (P0.05). The concentration of growth hormone (GH) in blood of control group was significantly higher than that of molasses group (P0.05). In the other sampling period, both groups were higher than those in the control group (P> 0.05), and the concentration of LEP was higher than that in the control group (P> 0.05). The serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) concentration was higher than that in control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in other sampling points (P> 0.05). The concentration of insulin (INS) was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the concentration of blood cortisol (Cor) between the three groups (P0.05). The total superoxide dismutase (SOD, 30d, and 60d) in serum of beef cattle was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-P X) concentration 60d, 120d and 180d was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group (P0.01), the concentration of calcium (Ca) was 30d and 60d (P0.05). There was no significant difference in other sampling points (P> 0.05); the concentration of P (P) was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). The concentration of serum copper-blue protein (CP) was not significant (P0.05). The concentration of LDH-L was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.01). In 180d, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). There was no adverse effect on the slaughtering performance of beef cattle by supplementing nutrition licking brick. Effect of nutritional licking brick on economic benefit of beef cattle. Compared with the control group, the molasses group was more profitable than the control group with a profit of RMB 1. 20 yuan/ d, and the base micro-group was more profitable than the control group at a profit of 0. 55 yuan/ d.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823.5
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