【摘要】：旨在了解北京市典型奶牛舍春季溫熱環(huán)境及空氣質(zhì)量狀況,為奶牛正常健康生產(chǎn)提供環(huán)境依據(jù)。試驗分別測定了奶牛場泌乳牛舍不同時間段(8:00~9:30、10:00~11:30、14:00~15:30、16:00~17:30、18:00~19:30)不同位置(向陽面、向陰面、飼喂通道)的溫熱環(huán)境和空氣質(zhì)量。結果表明:在測定的5個時間段內(nèi),泌乳牛舍內(nèi)的溫度呈規(guī)律性變動,先升高后降低(P0.01);相對濕度先降低后升高(P0.01),而且溫熱指數(shù)(THI)有極顯著差異(P0.01),但均小于達到熱應激的指標(THI≥72);早上的風速低于其他時間段(P0.05);白天的輻射熱高于早上晚上,但差異不顯著(P0.05);PM濃度在早晚相對較低(P0.05);氨氣濃度在16:00~17:30和18:00~19:30高于其他時間段(P0.01);二氧化碳濃度在18:00~19:30這個時間段明顯高于其它時間段(P0.01)。舍外風速極顯著(P0.01)大于舍內(nèi),舍內(nèi)二氧化碳的濃度極顯著(P0.01)高于舍外。牛舍內(nèi)向陽面、向陰面、飼喂通道三個不同位置的氨氣濃度、二氧化碳濃度差異極顯著(P0.01)。向陰面氨氣濃度大于其它兩個位置;飼喂通道二氧化碳濃度大于其它兩個位置。由此得出,北京市典型泌乳牛舍的春季溫度、濕度較適合牛群生產(chǎn);氨氣和二氧化碳的濃度符合生產(chǎn)標準,對奶牛的影響較小。
[Abstract]:The aim of this study was to understand the warm environment and air quality of typical dairy cattle houses in Beijing in spring, and to provide the environmental basis for normal and healthy production of dairy cows. The warm heat environment and air quality of the dairy were measured at different time periods (8: 00, 9: 30: 10: 10: 11: 30: 14: 15: 15: 30, 16: 16, 17: 30: 18: 00, 1930). The results showed that the temperature of lactation cowshed changed regularly in 5 periods. The relative humidity (RH) decreased first and then increased (P0.01), and the temperature and heat index (THI) was significantly different (P0.01), but less than the index of heat stress (THI 鈮，

本文編號：2256319