【摘要】：鵝絨具有重要的經(jīng)濟價值,而其產(chǎn)量與質(zhì)量依賴于鵝毛囊的生長發(fā)育。鵝初級毛囊和次級毛囊的發(fā)生發(fā)育都是在胚胎期進行的,尤其在胚胎后期,胚胎對營養(yǎng)需求增加,營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)隨著胚胎發(fā)育逐漸消耗,毛囊的發(fā)育也受到一定的影響。蛋氨酸是禽類第一限制性氨基酸,對毛囊的發(fā)育和羽毛的生長有促進作用,因此,本試驗采用在胚胎后期補給氨基酸的方法,研究吉林白鵝皮膚初級毛囊及次級毛囊胚胎后期到雛鵝28日齡的發(fā)育變化,以及IGF-1、EGF基因調(diào)控毛囊發(fā)育的影響。1.吉林白鵝毛囊發(fā)育及胚蛋給養(yǎng)蛋氨酸對毛囊發(fā)育的影響本試驗選取吉林白鵝種蛋300枚,隨機分為2個處理組,每個處理6個重復,進行孵化,對照組不做任何處理,處理組在孵化第24天進行胚蛋注射蛋氨酸營養(yǎng)液(Met 5g/L與Na Cl 7.5g/L混合液)1.5ml。出殼后進行飼養(yǎng)試驗,飼養(yǎng)期為28d。分別在孵化器第23天(E23)、第27天(E27)、出雛當天0d、1d、4d、7d、14d、21d、28d進行背、胸、腹部皮膚取樣,取樣后進行石蠟切片的制作,測定初級毛囊次級毛囊密度、毛球直徑。結果表明:在E23~28d期間,吉林白鵝背、胸及腹部初級毛囊密度顯著降低(P0.05),次級毛囊密度顯著升高(P0.05),吉林白鵝胸部初級毛囊及次級毛囊密度高于背部及腹部。吉林白鵝背、胸及腹部初級毛囊毛球直徑變化為,在E23~E27期間,顯著增加(P0.05),E27~14d,增加不顯著(P0.05),14d~28d顯著增加(P0.05)。背、胸及腹部次級毛囊毛球直徑變化皆為,E27~28d,顯著增加(P0.05)。背部初級毛囊及次級毛囊毛球直徑高于胸部及腹部。處理組背部、胸部及腹部初級毛囊密度和毛球直徑均顯著高于對照組(P0.05),表明,初級毛囊在胚胎后期已經(jīng)基本發(fā)育完全,次級毛囊在胚胎后期是發(fā)育的旺盛時期,胸部為主要的產(chǎn)絨部位。胚蛋注射蛋氨酸可以促進吉林白鵝初級毛囊和次級毛囊的發(fā)育。2.IGF-Ⅰ和EGF基因?qū)职座Z毛囊發(fā)育的調(diào)控及胚蛋注射蛋氨酸對其調(diào)控的影響試驗采用實時熒光定量PCR法檢測吉林白鵝皮膚中IGF-1與EGF兩基因m RNA的相對表達量,從而說明IGF-1與EGF基因?qū)γ野l(fā)育的調(diào)控的影響。結果表明,IGF-Ⅰ基因在吉林白鵝胚胎期和生后期的毛囊發(fā)育過程中都有表達,E23~28d吉林白鵝皮膚中IGF-Ⅰ相對表達量逐漸升高,E23~E27增加不顯著(P0.05),E27~7d顯著增加(P0.05),7d~14d增加不顯著(P0.05),14d~28d顯著增加(P0.05)。EGF基因在吉林白鵝胚胎期和生后期的毛囊發(fā)育過程中都有表達,E23~E27表達相對穩(wěn)定,保持在1.00左右,從E27開始,直到生后期28d,吉林白鵝皮膚中EGF基因的相對表達量逐漸升高,E27~14d顯著增加(P0.05),14d~28d增加不顯著(P0.05)。處理組E27、0d、7d、28d鵝皮膚中IGF-Ⅰ和EGF基因相對表達量均顯著高于對照組(P0.05)。表明,IGF-Ⅰ和EGF基因?qū)职座Z毛囊發(fā)育起到了調(diào)控的作用,可以促進次級毛囊的發(fā)育。胚蛋給養(yǎng)蛋氨酸,增加了IGF-Ⅰ和EGF基因的表達,促進了毛囊的發(fā)育。
[Abstract]:Goose velvet has important economic value, and its yield and quality depend on the growth and development of goose hair follicles. The occurrence and development of goose primary hair follicle and secondary hair follicle were carried out in the embryonic stage, especially in the late embryonic stage, the nutrition requirement of the embryo increased, and the nutrient content was gradually consumed with the embryo development, and the hair follicle development was also affected to some extent. Methionine is the first restricted amino acid in poultry, which can promote the development of hair follicles and the growth of feathers. To study the developmental changes of primary hair follicle and secondary hair follicle of Jilin White Goose from the later stage of embryo to 28 days old of Gosling, and the effect of IGF-1,EGF gene on the development of hair follicle. Effects of hair follicle development and egg feeding methionine on hair follicle development of Jilin White Goose 300 eggs of Jilin White Goose were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups, each treated with 6 replicates for hatching, while the control group did not do any treatment. In the treatment group, the egg was injected with methionine nutrient solution (Met 5g/L and Na Cl 7.5g/L mixture) 1.5 ml on the 24th day of incubation. Feeding experiment was carried out after exfoliation, and the feeding period was 28 days. On the 23rd day (E23) and the 27th day (E27) of incubator, the hair follicle density and hair follicle diameter of primary hair follicle were measured by paraffin section. The results showed that the density of primary hair follicles in the back, chest and abdomen of Jilin white geese decreased significantly (P0.05), and the density of secondary hair follicles increased significantly (P0.05). The density of primary hair follicles and secondary hair follicles of Jilin white geese was higher than that of the back and abdomen of Jilin white geese. The diameters of primary hair follicles of Jilin White Goose were significantly increased (P0.05) during E23~E27 (P0.05) and not significantly increased (P0.05) 14d (P0.05). The diameter of secondary hair follicles in back, chest and abdomen were all increased significantly (P 0.05). The diameters of primary and secondary hair follicles in the back were higher than those in the chest and abdomen. The density and diameter of primary hair follicles in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P0.05). The chest is the main part of velvet production. Embryo egg injection of methionine can promote the development of primary and secondary hair follicles of Jilin White Goose. 2. The regulation of IGF- 鈪，

本文編號：2238367