【摘要】：本研究收集了496株金黃色葡萄球菌(S. aureus),菌株來源涉及人源、器械源、動物源和食品源。根據(jù)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的18種S. aureus腸毒素基因(sea-see, seg～sei, ser)及類腸毒素基因(selj-selq, selu)設(shè)計(jì)引物,建立了多重PCR檢測方法并利用該方法檢測了496個S. aureus菌株中腸毒素基因及類腸毒素基因的分布。其中,34.27%的菌株攜帶經(jīng)典型腸毒素基因(sea-see),27.02%的菌株攜帶新型腸毒素基因(seg-sei, ser)及42.94%的菌株攜帶類腸毒素基因(selj-selq, selu)。檢測率最高的腸毒素基因分別為sea (19.76%), seg (19.15%), selo (19.15%), selm (16.94%), seln (16.33%)及sei(15.92%)。同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個新的腸毒素基因簇,即基因簇(seg-selo-selm-seln-sei)與基因簇(seg-selo-selm-seln-sei-selu)。另外,一些腸毒素及類腸毒素基因常出現(xiàn)在同一菌株中,例如：ser, sed, selj; sea, selk, selq; selk, selq。攜帶seh基因的金黃色葡萄球菌均為MSSA菌株。在本研究中,新型腸毒素及類腸毒素基因在不同來源的金黃色葡萄球菌中的出現(xiàn)率很高,由此可見,金黃色葡萄球菌腸毒素基因的檢測不能局限于5種經(jīng)典型腸毒素基因,新型腸毒素基因及類腸毒素基因應(yīng)引起重視。本研究對192株金黃色葡萄球菌通過spa及MLST分型技術(shù)進(jìn)行分型,并對66株MRSA進(jìn)行SCCmec分型,共發(fā)現(xiàn)45種ST型,59種spa型及5種SCCmec型。人源MRSA主要為CC239-t030-SCCmec III. CC239-t037-SCCmec Ⅲ、ST630-t4549-SCCmec V與ST630-t2196-SCCmec V型；器械源MRSA幾乎均為ST630-t4549-SCCmec V型；牛源MRSA均為ST630-t2196-SCCmecⅤ型；豬源MRSA均分布于CC9,而未能進(jìn)行SCCmec分型的豬源MRSA均為ST9-t899與ST2630-t1939型。Sea-selk-selq、selk-selq及sea-selq在CC239-SCCmec III型MRSA菌株中有著廣泛分布,CC9的MRSA菌株中有selk-selq的分布,而sea-selk-selq在CC5的MSSA菌株中同樣存在。Seg-sei-selm-seln-selo在CC5-SCCmec Ⅱ型MRSA及seg-sei-selm-seln-selo-selu在CC1301-SCCmec Ⅴ型MRSA中均有分布,而這兩種基因簇更多的分布于CC5、CC25、CC30、CC45及CC1301的MSSA菌株中。研究表明某些腸毒素基因尤其是腸毒素基因簇存在于一些特殊基因型的菌株中,而且可能和MRSA有著關(guān)聯(lián)。
[Abstract]:In this study, 496 Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), strains were collected from human, instrument, animal and food sources. Based on the primer design of 18 kinds of S. aureus enterotoxin genes (sea-see, seg~sei, ser) and enterotoxin-like genes (selj-selq, selu) reported in the literature, a multiplex PCR method was established to detect the distribution of enterotoxigenic genes and enterotoxigenic genes in 496 S. aureus strains. Of these, 34.27% of the strains carried classical enterotoxin gene (sea-see) and 27.02% of the strains carried a novel enterotoxin gene (seg-sei, ser) and 42.94% of the strains carried the enterotoxin-like gene (selj-selq, selu). The highest detection rate of enterotoxin gene was sea (19.76%), seg (19.15%), selo (19.15%), selm (16.94%), seln (16.33%) and sei (15.92%). At the same time, two new enterotoxin gene clusters were found, namely gene cluster (seg-selo-selm-seln-sei) and gene cluster (seg-selo-selm-seln-sei-selu). In addition, some enterotoxigenic and enterotoxigenic genes often appear in the same strain, such as: ser, sed, selj; sea, selk, selq; selk, selq. Staphylococcus aureus carrying seh gene were all MSSA strains. In this study, the presence of new enterotoxin and enterotoxin-like genes in Staphylococcus aureus from different sources is very high. Therefore, the detection of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin gene can not be limited to five classical enterotoxin genes. New enterotoxin genes and enterotoxigenic genes should be paid attention to. In this study, 192 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were classified by spa and MLST typing techniques, and 66 strains of MRSA were genotyped by SCCmec. A total of 45 ST types 59 spa types and 5 SCCmec types were found. Human MRSA is mainly CC239-t030-SCCmec III. CC239-t037-SCCmec 鈪，

本文編號：2214919