【摘要】：遺傳改良工作的本質(zhì)是對(duì)現(xiàn)有品種(系)持續(xù)選育提高,保證其具有持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的遺傳進(jìn)展。自2014年開(kāi)始,歐洲開(kāi)展了整個(gè)歐洲范圍內(nèi)的蜜蜂遺傳改良計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(簡(jiǎn)稱"SMARTBEES"),目的是提高蜜蜂性狀表現(xiàn),保護(hù)蜜蜂資源。中國(guó)蜜蜂資源豐富,但是由于受到現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)和人類活動(dòng)的影響,蜜蜂資源遺傳多樣性逐年下降,亟待保護(hù)。中國(guó)已經(jīng)在多個(gè)畜種開(kāi)展了遺傳改良項(xiàng)目,但是在蜜蜂上還沒(méi)有相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目。中國(guó)境內(nèi)的蜜蜂地方品種和特色資源迫切的需要開(kāi)展類似歐洲SMARTBEES項(xiàng)目的遺傳改良,以提高蜂群性狀表現(xiàn),改善蜂群健康狀況,保護(hù)珍貴蜜蜂資源。對(duì)歐洲蜜蜂遺傳改良SMARTBEES項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行了介紹,對(duì)中國(guó)蜜蜂資源和育種現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了總結(jié),并圍繞歐洲蜜蜂改良項(xiàng)目對(duì)中國(guó)蜜蜂資源和遺傳育種工作的啟示進(jìn)行了闡述。
[Abstract]:The essence of genetic improvement is to improve the breeding of existing varieties (lines) to ensure their continuous and stable genetic progress. Since 2014, Europe has launched a European-wide program for genetic improvement of bees (called "SMARTBEES") aimed at improving the performance of bees and protecting their resources. China is rich in honeybee resources, but due to the influence of modern agriculture, industry and human activities, the genetic diversity of honeybee resources is decreasing year by year, which is in urgent need of protection. China has launched genetic improvement programs in several livestock breeds, but there are no related programs on bees. The local species and special resources of honeybee in China urgently need to carry out genetic improvement similar to the European SMARTBEES project in order to improve the performance of beecolony traits, improve the health status of honeybee colony, and protect the precious honeybee resources. This paper introduces the SMARTBEES project of honeybee genetic improvement in Europe, summarizes the status quo of honeybee resources and breeding in China, and expounds the enlightenment of bee resources and genetic breeding in China from the project of bee improvement in Europe.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院蜜蜂研究所;
【基金】：中國(guó)博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2015M581222) 國(guó)家現(xiàn)代蜂產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-45-YJS01) 中央級(jí)科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)(Y2016CG25)資助
【分類號(hào)】：S89
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本文編號(hào)：2213464