【摘要】：為了探討飼糧添加脯氨酸對(duì)妊娠環(huán)江香豬繁殖性能及其后代生長發(fā)育的影響,本論文選取48頭體重約25 Kg的后備環(huán)江香豬母豬,自然交配,配種15 d后隨機(jī)分成3組,每組8個(gè)重復(fù)(欄),每個(gè)重復(fù)2頭豬。分別飼喂添加0.77%L-丙氨酸(等氮對(duì)照)、1.00%L-脯氨酸、0.77%L-丙氨酸+0.0167%二氟甲基鳥氨酸(DFMO,多胺合成抑制劑)的試驗(yàn)飼糧。分別于配種第45和70 d,每欄選取1頭母豬,放血處死,收集血液,分離血漿,用于生化參數(shù)、游離氨基酸和多胺分析;解剖母豬,取出整個(gè)子宮,分離并稱取孕體重,記錄黃體數(shù);分別收集羊水和尿囊液,逐一剝離胎豬,稱取胎豬個(gè)體重并記錄胎兒數(shù);丙氨酸組每頭母豬分別選取1頭最大、接近平均和最小體重胎豬的羊水和尿囊液,其余2組每頭母豬選取1頭接近平均體重胎豬的羊水和尿囊液,用于生化參數(shù)和游離氨基酸分析。另外選取15頭體重約25 Kg的后備環(huán)江香豬母豬,自然交配,配種15 d后隨機(jī)分成3組,每組5個(gè)重復(fù)(欄),每個(gè)重復(fù)1頭豬。日糧處理同前。自然分娩后2 h內(nèi)記錄仔豬頭數(shù)并稱重,選取最大、接近平均和最小體重仔豬另用于研究脯氨酸對(duì)初生仔豬腸道功能發(fā)育的影響,剩余仔豬由母豬哺乳喂養(yǎng),分別于7、14日齡每窩隨機(jī)選取1頭仔豬,稱重后放血處死,收集血液,分離血漿,用于生化參數(shù)、游離氨基酸和多胺分析;解剖仔豬,分離心臟、肝臟、腎臟和脾臟并稱重,計(jì)算內(nèi)臟器官系數(shù)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:1、飼糧添加脯氨酸對(duì)妊娠環(huán)江香豬繁殖性能和血漿化學(xué)成分的影響。妊娠第70 d時(shí),脯氨酸組窩重顯著高于丙氨酸組(P0.05),其余試驗(yàn)各組的黃體數(shù)、胎兒數(shù)、窩重、孕體重和胎兒重差異不顯著(P0.05)。妊娠第45 d時(shí),脯氨酸組血漿谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶活性和乳酸濃度均顯著低于丙氨酸組(P0.05),其他指標(biāo)各組間均無顯著差異(P0.05)。妊娠第70 d與45 d相比,丙氨酸組和DFMO組血漿白蛋白濃度、脯氨酸組和DFMO組血漿總膽固醇和腐胺濃度以及各處理組血漿谷氨酰胺濃度均顯著降低、3-甲基組氨酸濃度顯著升高(P0.05)。2、飼糧添加脯氨酸對(duì)妊娠環(huán)江香豬羊水和尿囊液化學(xué)成分的影響。妊娠第45和70 d時(shí),各處理組胎兒重和孕體重均無顯著差異(P0.05)。妊娠第45 d時(shí),DFMO組羊水天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、異亮氨酸和精氨酸濃度均顯著高于丙氨酸組(P0.05);妊娠第70 d時(shí),脯氨酸組羊水半胱氨酸濃度顯著高于、尿囊液白蛋白和精氨酸濃度均顯著低于丙氨酸組(P0.05);其余指標(biāo)各組間均無顯著差異(P0.05)。妊娠第70 d與45 d相比,各處理組羊水谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶活性顯著升高(P0.05)、苯丙氨酸和異亮氨酸以及絲氨酸濃度均顯著降低(P0.05),丙氨酸組和脯氨酸組羊水γ-谷氨酰轉(zhuǎn)肽酶活性顯著升高、賴氨酸濃度顯著降低(P0.05),丙氨酸組和DFMO組羊水葡萄糖濃度顯著升高、亮氨酸和半胱氨酸濃度均顯著降低(P0.05),脯氨酸組和DFMO組羊水乳酸脫氫酶活性和尿素氮濃度均顯著升高、精氨酸濃度顯著降低(P0.05);各處理組尿囊液尿素氮、尿酸和肌酐濃度均顯著升高(P0.05),脯氨酸組和DFMO組尿囊液谷氨酸和精氨酸濃度均顯著降低(P0.05)。3、母豬飼糧添加脯氨酸對(duì)環(huán)江香豬哺乳仔豬血漿化學(xué)成分的影響。各處理組初生仔豬數(shù)和初生體重間均無顯著差異(P0.05);7日齡時(shí),脯氨酸組和DFMO組仔豬血氨濃度顯著低于丙氨酸組(P0.05);14日齡時(shí),脯氨酸組仔豬體重顯著高于其他兩組(P0.05),仔豬血漿葡萄糖、精氨酸和脯氨酸濃度均顯著高于丙氨酸組(P0.05);DFMO組仔豬血漿血氨和葡萄糖濃度均顯著低于脯氨酸組(P0.05),精氨酸、鳥氨酸和天冬酰胺濃度均顯著高于丙氨酸組(P0.05),天冬酰胺濃度顯著高于脯氨酸組(P0.05)。4、環(huán)江香豬不同體重胎兒對(duì)應(yīng)羊水和尿囊液化學(xué)成分的差異。妊娠第70 d時(shí),最小體重組胎兒重顯著低于最大體重和中間體重組(P0.05)。妊娠第45 d時(shí),最小體重組胎兒對(duì)應(yīng)尿囊液谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶和乳酸脫氫酶活性以及白蛋白、乳酸、葡萄糖和甘油三酯濃度均顯著低于中間體重組(P0.05);最大體重組胎兒對(duì)應(yīng)羊水精氨酸濃度顯著高于中間體重組(P0.05)、尿囊液乳酸濃度顯著低于中間體重組(P0.05)。妊娠第70 d時(shí),最大體重組胎兒對(duì)應(yīng)羊水乳酸脫氫酶活性顯著高于中間體重組(P0.05),最小體重組胎兒對(duì)應(yīng)羊水肌酐和甘油三酯濃度均顯著高于最大體重組(P0.05)。綜上所述,通過飼糧添加脯氨酸或DMFO可改變?nèi)焉锃h(huán)江香豬及其后代的營養(yǎng)代謝狀況,從而影響母豬繁殖性能及其后代的生長發(fā)育特性;胎兒體重大小與羊水和尿囊液中部分營養(yǎng)素及其代謝物的含量密切相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effects of dietary proline supplementation on reproductive performance and offspring growth of Huanjiang Xiang pig, 48 * * * Huanjiang sow sows with a weight of about 25 Kg were selected. They were naturally copulatory and 15 d after mating. They were randomly divided into 3 groups, each containing 8 replicates (columns) and 2 pigs per replicate. Feeding 0.77%L- alanine (equal nitrogen contrast), 1, respectively. 0% L-proline, 0.77% L-alanine + 0.0167% difluoromethyl ornithine (DFMO, polyamine synthesis inhibitor) test diet. At the 45th and 70th day of mating, one sow in each column was selected, bled and killed, blood was collected, plasma was separated for biochemical parameters, free amino acids and polyamines analysis; dissected sows, removed the whole uterus, and separated and weighed pregnancy weight. The number of corpus luteum was recorded, the amniotic fluid and allantoic fluid were collected, the * * * the fetal pig was stripped one by one, the weight of the fetal pig was recorded and the number of fetuses was recorded; the alanine group was selected with 1 largest, near average and minimum weight fetal water and amniotic fluid respectively, and the other 2 groups of 1 sows and the allantoic fluid which were close to the average weight of the pigs were used for biochemical analysis. Analysis of parameters and free amino acids. In addition, 15 Huanjiang sows with a weight of about 25 Kg were selected and naturally bred * * *. After mating 15 d, they were randomly divided into 3 groups. Each group had 5 replicates (columns) and 1 pigs per replicate. The diet was treated with the same method. The number of piglets and the weight of piglets were recorded in 2 h after natural childbirth, and the largest, near average and minimum weight piglets were used for other purposes. To study the effect of proline on intestinal function and development of newborn piglets, the remaining piglets were fed by suckling sows. One piglet was randomly selected at the age of 7 and 14 days. After weighing, one piglet was killed. Blood was collected and plasma was separated for biochemical parameters, free amino acids and polyamines analysis. The results showed that: 1. The effect of proline supplementation on reproductive performance and plasma chemical composition of pregnant Huanjiang Xiang pig. The litter weight of proline group was significantly higher than that of alanine group on the seventieth day of pregnancy (P 0.05). The number of corpus luteum, fetal number, litter weight, pregnancy weight and fetal weight of other experimental groups were not significantly different (P 0.05). The plasma glutamate-alanine transaminase activity and lactate concentration in proline group were significantly lower than those in alanine group (P Amide concentration decreased significantly, 3-methylhistidine concentration increased significantly (P 0.05). 2. Effects of dietary proline supplementation on amniotic fluid and allantoic liquefaction chemical composition of pregnant Huanjiang Xiang pig. Fetal weight and gestational weight of each treatment group had no significant difference on the 45th and 70th days of pregnancy (P 0.05). At the 45th day of pregnancy, aspartic acid, glutamate and isoleucine in amniotic fluid of DFMO group were not significantly different. The concentrations of acid and arginine were significantly higher than those of alanine group (P 0.05); the concentrations of amniotic fluid cysteine, allantoic albumin and arginine in proline group were significantly higher than those in alanine group on the seventieth day of pregnancy (P 0.05); the other indicators were not significantly different between groups (P 0.05). Compared with the seventieth and forty-five days of pregnancy, the amniotic fluid oxaloacetic acid transamination in each treatment group was significantly higher. Amniotic fluid gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and lysine concentration in alanine group and proline group increased significantly (P 0.05). Amniotic fluid glucose concentration in alanine group and DFMO group increased significantly, leucine and cysteine concentration were both increased significantly (P 0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase activity and urea nitrogen concentration in amniotic fluid of proline group and DFMO group were significantly increased, while arginine concentration was significantly decreased (P 0.05); urea nitrogen, uric acid and creatinine concentration in allantoic fluid of all treatment groups were significantly increased (P 0.05), glutamate and arginine concentration in proline group and DFMO group were significantly decreased (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in plasma * * * chemical composition between piglets and piglets in Huanjiang piglets (P0.05). The plasma ammonia concentration in proline group and DFMO group was significantly lower than that in alanine group at 7 days old (P0.05); at 14 days of age, the weight of piglets in proline group was significantly higher than that in other two groups (P0.05). The plasma glucose, arginine and proline concentrations in the DFMO group were significantly higher than those in the proline group (P 0.05), and the plasma ammonia and glucose concentrations in the DFMO group were significantly lower than those in the proline group (P 0.05), the concentrations of arginine, ornithine and asparagine were significantly higher than those in the alanine group (P 0.05), and the concentration of asparagine was significantly higher than that in the proline group (P 0.05). The fetal weight of the minimum weight group was significantly lower than that of the maximum weight group and the middle weight group (P 0.05) on the seventieth day of gestation. On the 45th day of gestation, the fetal weight of the minimum weight group was significantly lower than that of the maximum weight and the middle weight group. Concentrations of glucose and triglyceride were significantly lower than those of the intermediate weight group (P 0.05), the concentration of arginine in amniotic fluid corresponding to the maximum weight group was significantly higher than that of the intermediate weight group (P 0.05), and the concentration of lactic acid in allantoic fluid was significantly lower than that of the intermediate weight group (P 0.05). (P 0.05), the concentrations of amniotic fluid creatinine and triglyceride in the minimal weight group were significantly higher than those in the maximum weight group (P 0.05). The contents of some nutrients and their metabolites in amniotic fluid and allantoic fluid are closely related.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5

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