發(fā)布時間：2018-08-27 10:52

【摘要】：研究禁牧封育和水平溝生態(tài)恢復措施下黃土丘陵區(qū)典型草原土壤生物學特性變化,以期為該區(qū)草地生態(tài)建設提供依據。采用空間梯度代替時間梯度的方法,在寧夏黃土丘陵區(qū)典型草原,選取未封育(放牧)、封育3~15a、水平溝整地后1~15a的土壤,分析0—10,10—20,20—30,30—40cm土壤微生物數量、微生物生物量碳、量氮和土壤酶活性的變化特征及其相關性。結果表明:(1)試驗區(qū)土壤微生物類群以放線菌為主,達到86.18%~94.43%,數量表現為放線菌細菌真菌,土壤微生物總數、細菌和放線菌數、微生物生物量碳、量氮含量,脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性隨著草地封育年限增加呈上升變化,但水平溝措施下隨著整地年限延長呈上升—下降—上升的趨勢,2種措施下土壤過氧化氫酶活性變化趨勢與其他指標相反,真菌數在封育6a和水平溝6a較低,分別為11.33,4.67cfu/g;(2)各處理下,0—40cm土壤微生物和酶活性整體呈現上層土壤高于下層土壤,土壤微生物、酶活性與有機碳等主要養(yǎng)分含量相關性顯著(p0.05);(3)相近恢復年限下,土壤微生物數量、微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量氮以及酶活性總體為封育草地高于水平溝(p0.05);研究認為,禁牧封育較水平溝措施更有利于黃土丘陵區(qū)典型草原土壤微生物和酶活性的增加。
[Abstract]:The changes of soil biological characteristics of typical steppe in loess hilly region under the measures of closed grazing and horizontal ditch ecological restoration were studied in order to provide the basis for the ecological construction of grassland in this area. Using spatial gradient instead of time gradient, the soil was selected in Ningxia Loess Hilly region, which was not fenced (grazing), closed for 3 ~ 15 years, and 1 ~ 15 years after horizontal ditch preparation. The soil microbial quantity of 0-10 ~ (-10) ~ (-20) ~ (-20) ~ (20) ~ (30) ~ (30) ~ (30) ~ (30) ~ (40) cm soil was analyzed. Changes of microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and soil enzyme activity and their correlation. The results showed that: (1) Actinomycetes dominated by actinomycetes and reached 86.18 ~ 94.43. The number of actinomycetes, the total number of soil microbes, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes, microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen content, urease, protease, soil actinomycetes, urease, protease The activities of phosphatase and sucrase increased with the increase of hermetic years. However, the soil catalase activity under the horizontal ditch treatment increased, decreased and increased with the increase of land preparation years. The change trend of soil catalase activity was opposite to that of other indexes, and the number of fungi was lower at 6 years of fencing and 6 years of horizontal ditch. (2) soil microorganism and enzyme activity in 0-40cm soil were higher than that in lower soil, and soil microorganism, enzyme activity and organic carbon had significant correlation (p0.05); (_ 3), the soil microbial quantity was significant (p0.05); (_ 3), and the soil microbe activity was higher than that in the lower soil (p0.05); (_ 3), and the soil microbial activity was higher than that in the lower soil (p0.05); (_ 3). Microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen and enzyme activity were generally higher in fenced grassland than in horizontal ditch (p0.05).
【作者單位】： 寧夏大學農學院;寧夏大學西北土地退化與生態(tài)恢復國家重點實驗室培育基地;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(31460632) 中國科學院西部之光人才培養(yǎng)引進計劃項目(XAB2015A10)
【分類號】：S812.2

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