發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-18 14:19

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)居民收入的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)和生活水平的不斷提高,羊肉以其獨(dú)特的風(fēng)味,健康的安全特質(zhì)和較高的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值越來(lái)越受到消費(fèi)者的青睞。傳統(tǒng)的精粗分飼養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)已不適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化肉羊產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展要求,全混合日糧(TMR)作為一種新興的養(yǎng)殖技術(shù),在肉羊養(yǎng)殖業(yè)中已然興起。然而市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)有的全混合日糧攪拌機(jī)主要應(yīng)用于奶牛全混合日糧的制備,其生產(chǎn)的飼料粒度一般較大,由于肉羊與奶牛生理結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異,不適宜肉羊采食。因此,本文在前期研究基礎(chǔ)之上,搭建飼料混合攪拌機(jī)混料系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)裝置并對(duì)其進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究,探尋制備肉羊全混合日糧的最佳工作參數(shù)組合。(1)確定了飼料混合攪拌機(jī)混料系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)裝置的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案,并進(jìn)行了混合室的設(shè)計(jì),出料門(mén)的設(shè)計(jì),螺旋攪龍的設(shè)計(jì),控制及傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。利用Solid Works軟件繪制了整機(jī)三維模型并進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)裝置的整機(jī)制造。(2)利用離散元軟件EDEM進(jìn)行了物料混合過(guò)程的模擬仿真。通過(guò)分析物料運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡闡述了本機(jī)的混合原理,并通過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)混合過(guò)程中不同時(shí)刻不同物料的接觸數(shù)量分析了物料混合質(zhì)量,驗(yàn)證了總體設(shè)計(jì)方案的可行性。(3)根據(jù)總體設(shè)計(jì)方案搭建飼料混合攪拌機(jī)混料系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)裝置,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究。采用二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn)方法設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)方案,以攪龍轉(zhuǎn)速、加工時(shí)間、充滿系數(shù)和梅花刀片個(gè)數(shù)作為試驗(yàn)因素,以混合均勻度、適口比例和細(xì)粉率作為試驗(yàn)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),借用Design-Expert軟件和Excel軟件對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析,獲得了各評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)與試驗(yàn)因素之間的函數(shù)關(guān)系以及單因素對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的作用曲線和雙因素作用對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的響應(yīng)曲面圖。(4)根據(jù)相關(guān)資料和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)混合均勻度、適口比例和細(xì)粉率的范圍進(jìn)行界定,借助Design-Expert軟件的優(yōu)化求解功能對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化求解,尋找混合均勻度小于20%,適口比例大于80%,細(xì)粉率小于30%的各試驗(yàn)因素的取值范圍。通過(guò)參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證得到了可信度較高的最佳工作參數(shù)組合,即當(dāng)攪龍轉(zhuǎn)速取16~18r/min,加工時(shí)間取26~31min,充滿系數(shù)取40%,梅花刀片數(shù)量取5個(gè)/導(dǎo)程時(shí),可獲得變異系數(shù)小于20%,適口比例大于80%,細(xì)粉率小于30%的滿足肉羊采食要求的全混合日糧。(5)本文所取得的結(jié)論為后續(xù)研制性能優(yōu)良的肉羊TMR攪拌機(jī)提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous increase of income and the improvement of living standard, mutton has been more and more popular with consumers for its unique flavor, healthy safety and high nutritional value. The traditional fine and coarse feed farming technology has not been able to meet the requirements of the development of modern meat sheep industry. As a new breeding technology, total mixed ration (TMR) has emerged in the meat sheep breeding industry. However, the existing mixers are mainly used in the preparation of dairy cows' total mixed diets, the feed size of which is generally larger. Because of the difference of physiological structure between meat sheep and dairy cattle, it is not suitable for meat sheep to feed. Therefore, on the basis of the previous research, this paper builds the experimental equipment of the mixing system of feed mixing mixer and carries on the experimental research on it. To find out the best working parameter combination of preparing meat sheep total mixed ration. (1) the overall design scheme of the mixing system test device of feed mixing mixer was determined, and the design of mixing chamber, discharge door and screw churning dragon were carried out. Control and drive system design. The 3D model of the whole machine is drawn by using Solid Works software and the whole machine is manufactured. (2) the material mixing process is simulated by the discrete element software EDEM. The mixing principle of this machine is expounded by analyzing the moving track of materials, and the mixing quality is analyzed by counting the contact quantity of different materials at different time in the mixing process. The feasibility of the overall design scheme was verified. (3) according to the overall design scheme, the mixing system test equipment of feed mixing mixer was built, and its experimental study was carried out. The test scheme was designed by using the method of quadratic orthogonal rotation combined test. The factors such as the rotation speed, processing time, filling coefficient and the number of plum blade were taken as the test factors, and the mixing uniformity, palatability ratio and fine powder ratio were taken as the test evaluation indexes. The test results are processed and analyzed by using Design-Expert software and Excel software. The functional relationship between each evaluation index and the test factors, the action curve of single factor on the evaluation index and the response surface diagram of the double factor action to the evaluation index are obtained. (4) according to the relevant data and standards, the mixing uniformity is obtained. The range of palatability ratio and fine powder rate is defined, and the experimental data are optimized by the function of Design-Expert software. The range of test factors whose mixing uniformity is less than 20, palatability ratio is more than 80 and fine powder ratio is less than 30% is found. Through parameter optimization and test, the best working parameters with high reliability are obtained, that is, when the rotation speed of the stirring dragon is 16 ~ 18r / min, the processing time is 2631min, the filling coefficient is 40m, the number of plum blades is 5 / lead. The coefficient of variation is less than 20, the ratio of palatability is more than 80 and the ratio of fine powder is less than 30%. (5) the conclusion obtained in this paper provides a reference for the further development of TMR mixer with good performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S817.12
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本文編號(hào)：2189735