【摘要】：功能多樣性、功能性狀對(duì)草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能屬性影響越來(lái)越重要。刈割是草地利用管理的重要措施之一。因此本文設(shè)置4種刈割制度(刈割次數(shù)),調(diào)查選取優(yōu)勢(shì)種的七個(gè)功能性狀,計(jì)算功能豐富度、功能均勻度、功能離散度以及Rao二次熵函數(shù)四個(gè)指數(shù),探討不同刈割制度對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古大針茅草原優(yōu)勢(shì)種的功能性狀、功能多樣性的影響以及功能多樣性指數(shù)與初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力之間的關(guān)系。結(jié)論如下:(1)刈割顯著增加了物種的均勻度指數(shù)和多樣性指數(shù)、而對(duì)豐富度指數(shù)無(wú)顯著影響。(2)不同頻次的刈割干擾顯著降低大針茅草原優(yōu)勢(shì)種的植株高度、葉面積、叢幅等功能性狀值。(3)刈割制度并不影響植物群落的功能豐富度(FRic);功能均勻度指數(shù)(FEve)在一年割一次的刈割頻率下,功能均勻度指數(shù)達(dá)到最高,資源利用均衡程度最高;功能離散度(FDiv)指數(shù)在割兩年休一年的刈割制度處理下,達(dá)到最高值,生態(tài)位重疊效應(yīng)最弱;Rao二次熵函數(shù)(一年割兩次)Rao二次熵函數(shù)(割兩年休一年),一年割兩次的刈割制度的功能性狀的相似程度低于割兩年休一年的刈割制度,刈割頻率的增加會(huì)降低物種的趨同程度;(4)功能豐富度和功能均勻度與初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力之間無(wú)顯著相關(guān)性。Rao二次熵函數(shù)和功能離散度指數(shù)與初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力呈現(xiàn)顯著相關(guān)性,植物種功能性狀的相似度增強(qiáng)和生態(tài)位重疊效應(yīng)減弱有助于提高群落的初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力。
[Abstract]:Functional diversity and functional traits are more and more important to grassland ecosystem functional attributes. Cutting is one of the important measures in grassland utilization management. Therefore, four cutting systems (cutting times) were set up in this paper to investigate the seven functional traits of dominant species, and to calculate the four indexes of functional richness, functional uniformity, functional dispersion and Rao quadratic entropy function. To study the effects of different cutting systems on functional traits, functional diversity and the relationship between functional diversity index and primary productivity of dominant species in Inner Mongolia. The results were as follows: (1) cutting significantly increased the evenness index and diversity index of species, but had no significant effect on richness index. (2) cutting interference of different frequency significantly reduced the plant height and leaf area of dominant species. (3) the mowing system had no effect on the functional richness of plant community (FRic); function evenness index (FEve) reached the highest at the cutting frequency once a year, and the resource utilization equilibrium degree was the highest. The (FDiv) index of functional dispersion reached the highest value under the cutting schedule of two years and one year. The weakest niche overlap effect is Rao quadratic entropy function (cut twice a year) Rao quadratic entropy function (cutting two years off a year). The similarity of functional characteristics of cutting system with two times a year is lower than that with two years cut off. (4) there was no significant correlation between functional richness and functional uniformity and primary productivity. Rao quadratic entropy function and functional dispersion index were significantly correlated with primary productivity. The enhancement of the similarity of functional traits and the weakening of niche overlap effect of plant species can improve the primary productivity of the community.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S812

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