【摘要】：通過實時熒光定量PCR技術,以12月齡放牧和圈養(yǎng)蘇尼特羊為研究對象,對兩種飼養(yǎng)方式下蘇尼特羊背最長肌、臂三頭肌和股二頭肌中8個miRNAs(miR-1、miR-206、miR-128、miR-486、miR-133、miR-23a、miR-30a、miR-223)和 prdm1、sox6、tnnc1、tnnt3、prox1mRNA的相對表達量進行測定,同時測定肉質(zhì)指標和屠宰性能。分析miRNAs表達與mRNA表達、屠宰性能和肉品質(zhì)的相關性,研究通過快肌基因(sox6、tnnt3)和慢肌基因(tnnc1、prox1)驗證miRNA如何在mRNA水平上影響肉品質(zhì)(色澤)。結果顯示:放牧和圈養(yǎng)條件下8個miRNAs在蘇尼特羊中均有表達,且放牧組整體上高于圈養(yǎng)組。8個miRNAs兩兩間都呈顯著正相關,說明各miRNAs間可形成調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡,協(xié)同發(fā)揮作用。在飼養(yǎng)方式對肉品質(zhì)的影響中發(fā)現(xiàn),放牧組生長性狀(體長、體高、胸圍)、宰前活重和胴體重顯著高于圈養(yǎng)組(p0.05),圈養(yǎng)組屠宰率顯著高于放牧組(p0.05);圈養(yǎng)組的臂三頭肌中剪切力顯著高于放牧組(p0.05),背最長肌中紅度值顯著高于放牧組(p0.05),放牧組的臂三頭肌中紅度值顯著高于圈養(yǎng)組(p0.05)。兩種飼養(yǎng)方式下,miR-1與凈肉重總是呈顯著正相關。miR-486與宰前活重顯著正相關。推測miR-1和miR-486 一定程度的高表達可提高蘇尼特羊產(chǎn)肉量。miR-30a與體高和凈肉重在背最長肌中顯著負相關。miR-133和miR-30a與紅度值(a*)在背最長肌中極顯著負相關,與亮度值(L*)在臂三頭肌中顯著正相關。miR-206與pH值在背最長肌和股二頭肌中顯著負相關。兩種飼養(yǎng)方式下miRNA對肉品質(zhì)(色澤)調(diào)控機理的初步驗證中發(fā)現(xiàn),miR-30a使快肌和慢肌基因mRNA表達量均下降,但是影響程度不顯著,推測miR-30a對色澤的影響可能還存在其他調(diào)控機制。
[Abstract]:Using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique, the relative expression levels of 8 miRNAs (miR-1tnc1tnc1tnnt3ntnt3prox1) and prdm1tnc1tnc1tnnt3prox1 mRNA in the longissimus dorsi muscle, triceps arm muscle and biceps femoris muscle of Sunita sheep under 12 months grazing and in captivity were determined by using real-time quantitative PCR technique, and the relative expressions of 8 miRNAs mRNA (miR-486 miR-486miR-133miR-23amiR-30amiR-30amiR-223) and prdm1soxtnc1tnnc1tnnt3 prox1 mRNA were determined. Meat quality index and slaughter performance were also measured. To analyze the correlation between miRNAs expression and mRNA expression, slaughter performance and meat quality, we studied how miRNA affects meat quality (color) at mRNA level by using fast muscle gene (sox6 tnnt3) and slow muscle gene (tnc1prox1). The results showed that 8 miRNAs were expressed in Sunita sheep under the condition of grazing and captivity, and the overall level of miRNAs in grazing group was higher than that in captivity group, and there was a significant positive correlation among 8 miRNAs groups, indicating that the regulatory network could be formed and synergistic effect could be exerted among miRNAs. In the influence of feeding mode on meat quality, it was found that the growth traits (body length, body height) of grazing group, In chest circumference, the live weight and carcass weight before slaughter were significantly higher than those in captivity group (p0.05), the slaughter rate in captivity group was significantly higher than that in grazing group (p0.05), the shear force in triceps arm muscle in captivity group was significantly higher than that in grazing group (p0.05), the redness of longissimus dorsi muscle was significantly higher than that in grazing group (p0.05), and that in captivity group was significantly higher than that in grazing group (p0.05). The value of redness of triceps arm muscle in grazing group was significantly higher than that in captivity group (p 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between miR-1 and net meat weight under two feeding methods. MiR-486 was positively correlated with live weight before slaughter. It was inferred that the high expression of miR-1 and miR-486 could increase the meat yield of Sunita sheep. MiR-30a was negatively correlated with body height and net meat weight in the longissimus dorsi muscle. MiR-133 and miR-30a were significantly negatively correlated with the red value (a *) in the longissimus dorsi muscle. There was a significant negative correlation between L* and L* in triceps arm muscle. MiR-206 was negatively correlated with pH value in longissimus dorsi muscle and biceps femoris muscle. In the preliminary verification of the mechanism of miRNA regulating meat quality (color and color) under two feeding modes, it was found that miR-30a decreased the mRNA expression of both fast and slow muscle genes, but the effect was not significant. It was speculated that there might be other regulatory mechanisms in the influence of miR-30a on color and color.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S826;TS251.53

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