【摘要】：旨在利用較少的經(jīng)過優(yōu)化的遺傳標(biāo)記組合達(dá)到快速高效的親緣鑒定,最終可有效應(yīng)用于奶牛群體親子鑒定與系譜構(gòu)建。本研究從國際動物遺傳學(xué)會(ISAG)數(shù)據(jù)庫中初步選擇了18個多態(tài)性較高的微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn),經(jīng)PCR優(yōu)化驗(yàn)證獲得可高效擴(kuò)增的8個位點(diǎn),并檢測其在300頭中國荷斯坦牛群體中的多態(tài)性分布。這些微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)的親子鑒定效力檢測結(jié)果表明,8個標(biāo)記平均等位基因數(shù)為14.63,平均多態(tài)性信息含量(PIC)為0.747,群體平均觀察雜合度(Ho)為0.718,平均期望雜合度(He)為0.773。3種不同情形下進(jìn)行親子鑒定時8個位點(diǎn)的結(jié)合排除概率(CPE)均≥0.990。8對父子牛親權(quán)鑒定結(jié)果表明,利用該8個標(biāo)記可以識別并剔除系譜中的錯誤記錄。結(jié)合排除概率的分析結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)數(shù)增加至4個(TGLA227、TGLA122、BMC1207、BM103)時,3種不同情形下的CPE均≥0.949,可以滿足個別案例牛親子鑒定的要求。群體分子系譜構(gòu)建的結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)數(shù)大于或等于6個時,群體內(nèi)近交系數(shù)和總?cè)后w近交系數(shù)均明顯升高。因此,在生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中推薦使用TGLA227、TGLA122、BMC1207、BM103、INRA037、INRA134位點(diǎn)進(jìn)行小規(guī)模群體(200)的分子系譜構(gòu)建或親權(quán)鑒定。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to use few optimized genetic markers to obtain rapid and efficient genetic identification, which could be effectively applied to paternity test and pedigree construction of dairy cattle population. In this study, 18 microsatellite loci with high polymorphism were preliminarily selected from the (ISAG) database of the International Society of Animal Genetics, and 8 sites with high efficiency were obtained by PCR optimization. The polymorphic distribution in 300 Chinese Holstein cattle was detected. The results of paternity test of these microsatellite loci showed that the average alleles of 8 markers were 14.63, the average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.747, the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.718, and the average expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.773.3 different. In the case of paternity test, the combination exclusion probability of 8 loci (CPE) 鈮，

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