【摘要】：隨著人民生活水平的不斷提高,生活習(xí)慣的變化,寵物犬已經(jīng)與人類的生活密不可分。這些加大了犬與人之間人獸共患病原體的傳播。其中犬腹瀉在犬病中有很大的影響,導(dǎo)致犬腹瀉的主要原因是病原菌的侵襲,其中主要的病原菌是大腸桿菌、金黃色葡萄球菌等。為了使細(xì)菌型感染得到很好的控制,寵物臨床上的抗菌藥物被廣泛使用,濫用和不合理使用抗生素的問題越來越嚴(yán)重,使細(xì)菌的耐藥性正在逐步的增加和擴(kuò)散。寵物細(xì)菌耐藥性的提高使治療難度增加,而且增加人獸共患病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。近年來寵物犬的臨床耐藥性日益嚴(yán)重,我國對(duì)其進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的研究。本試驗(yàn)從患腹瀉癥的病犬糞便中采集了29份樣本,共分離出細(xì)菌25株。首先對(duì)細(xì)菌引起的腹瀉的病犬,采取其直腸深部的糞便少許。涂片,鏡檢,觀察結(jié)果,其中革蘭氏染色陽性球菌株13株,革蘭氏染色陰性桿菌12株。分別在葡萄球菌顯色鑒別培養(yǎng)基和伊紅美蘭培養(yǎng)基上進(jìn)行細(xì)菌的分離培養(yǎng)、生化試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果顯示,符合大腸桿菌生長特性的菌株有7株,符合葡萄球菌生長特性的菌株有10株。將培養(yǎng)后的7株大腸桿菌菌液,10株葡萄球菌菌液,分別接種小鼠。結(jié)果表明,5株高致病性大腸桿菌、2株呈低致病性。8株高致病性葡萄球菌,2株呈低致病性。本實(shí)驗(yàn)中大腸桿菌采用血清型分型,其中7株大腸桿菌中共分離出3個(gè)血清型。06、025為優(yōu)勢(shì)血清型。而6株金黃色葡萄球菌則采用凝固酶分型,Ⅶ、復(fù)合型為優(yōu)勢(shì)血清型。藥物敏感性試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,7株大腸桿菌對(duì)20種藥物的耐藥率為28.57%～85.71%,對(duì)阿莫西林耐藥率為85.71%。10株葡萄球菌對(duì)20種藥物的耐藥率為20%～80%,對(duì)紅霉素耐藥率為80%。多重耐藥結(jié)果表明犬源致病性大腸桿菌出現(xiàn)了嚴(yán)重的多重耐藥性,7株分離菌中,耐藥數(shù)從11～18種藥物。10株犬源致病性葡萄球菌分離菌株中最低耐11種藥物最高耐18種。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standard and the change of living habits, pet dogs are closely related to human life. This increases the spread of zoonotic pathogens between dogs and humans. The main cause of canine diarrhea is the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, among which Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are the main pathogens. In order to control bacterial type infection, antibiotics are widely used in pet clinic. The problem of abuse and unreasonable use of antibiotics is becoming more and more serious, and the drug resistance of bacteria is gradually increasing and spreading. Increased drug resistance in pets makes treatment more difficult and increases the risk of zoonosis. In recent years, the clinical drug resistance of pet dogs is becoming more and more serious. A total of 25 strains of bacteria were isolated from 29 feces of dogs with diarrhea. First of all, the bacteria-induced diarrhea of the dog, take a small amount of feces deep in the rectum. The smear, microscopic examination and observation showed that there were 13 Gram-positive stains and 12 Gram-negative bacilli. The bacteria were isolated and cultured on staphylococcus color identification medium and ehongmeilan medium, respectively. The results showed that there were 7 strains of Escherichia coli and 10 strains of staphylococcus. Seven strains of Escherichia coli and 10 strains of staphylococcus were inoculated into mice. The results showed that 2 strains of high pathogenic Escherichia coli showed low pathogenicity. 8 strains of high pathogenic Staphylococcus and 2 strains of high pathogenic staphylococcus showed low pathogenicity. In this experiment, three serotypes .06025 were isolated from 7 strains of Escherichia coli. However, 6 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were classified by coagulase, 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2165829