【摘要】：本研究根據(jù)中醫(yī)藥理論,結(jié)合豬的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育特點(diǎn),進(jìn)行組方,超微粉碎后進(jìn)行毒性試驗(yàn),之后按不同比例添加到母豬和斷奶仔豬的日糧中,旨在探討紫錐菊復(fù)方超微粉對(duì)哺乳仔豬和斷奶仔豬生長(zhǎng)性能和免疫功能影響。第一部分,將紫錐菊復(fù)方超微粉常規(guī)方法制成水提液,急性毒性試驗(yàn)灌服劑量為10000,20000,40000,60 000mg/kg體質(zhì)量;蓄積毒性試驗(yàn)灌服劑量為100,200,400,600mg/kg體質(zhì)量。觀察記錄藥物對(duì)小白鼠的影響。結(jié)果表明:在急性毒性試驗(yàn)中,LD5060000mg/kg;在蓄積毒性試驗(yàn)中,小鼠沒有出現(xiàn)死亡和其他不正常表現(xiàn),各劑量組小白鼠的平均日增體質(zhì)量與對(duì)照組相比較差異均不顯著(P0.05)。第二部分,選擇(27±3)日齡健康的(杜×長(zhǎng)×大)三元斷奶仔豬140頭,按照體況相近,公母各半的原則隨機(jī)分為A,B,C,D,E,F,G共7個(gè)組,每組進(jìn)行2個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)10頭。試驗(yàn)期為30d,A組根據(jù)豬場(chǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)日糧飼喂,B和C組、D和E組、F和G組則分別在日糧中添加0.25%,0.50%和0.75%紫錐菊復(fù)方超微粉后飼喂,飼喂15d后,B,D,F組轉(zhuǎn)為飼喂豬場(chǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)日糧。分別進(jìn)行斷奶仔豬的生長(zhǎng)性能和免疫功能指標(biāo)的試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:生產(chǎn)性能上,與空白對(duì)照組相比,平均日采食量的B,D,E組分別提高了2.95%,5.63%,5.21%(P0.05);F,C組分別提高了0.32%,0.32%(P0.05);G組降低了13.33(P0.05)。平均日增質(zhì)量方面,B,D,C,E組分別提高了13.26%,12.92%,16.29%,37.32%(P0.05);F組提高了2.31%(P0.05);G組降低了0.61%(P0.05)。料肉比方面,B,C,D,E,F,G組分別降低了9.50%,6.50%,2.00%,12.50%,19.50%,13.00%(P0.05)。免疫功能上,與空白對(duì)照組相比,連續(xù)用藥15d的D,F組用藥后各項(xiàng)免疫指標(biāo)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng),停止用藥后呈下降趨勢(shì);B組呈持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),但差異不顯著(P0.05);連續(xù)用藥30d的C,E,G組Ig A分別提高了7.70%(P0.05),20.75%(P0.05),9.30%(P0.05);IgG分別提高了7.70%(P0.05),12.31%(P0.05),9.83%(P0.05);IgM分別提高了6.94%(P0.05),16.92%(P0.05),22.60%(P0.05);IFN-γ分別提高了21.14%(P0.05),32.32%(P0.05),30.28%(P0.05);TNF-α分別提高了6.38%(P0.05),11.83%(P0.05),18.86%(P0.05);IL-2分別提高了3.12%(P0.05),11.34%(P0.05),6.67%(P0.05);IL-10分別提高了24.84%(P0.05),41.21%(P0.05),47.68%(P0.05)。豬瘟抗體水平有所提高且差異顯著(P0.05),偽狂犬抗體水平差異不顯著(P0.05)。第三部分,按照預(yù)產(chǎn)期、胎次、品種、年齡、體格相近原則選取30頭母豬,分為A,B,C共3個(gè)組,每組10頭。根據(jù)母豬分組不同,各組哺乳仔豬對(duì)應(yīng)分成Aa,Bb,Cc共3個(gè)組。仔豬Aa組為空白對(duì)照組,Bb組為復(fù)方添加低劑量組、Cc組為復(fù)方添加高劑量組。試驗(yàn)期為母豬預(yù)產(chǎn)期前5d至產(chǎn)后21d(共26d)。試驗(yàn)中,A組根據(jù)豬場(chǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)日糧飼喂,B組和C組則在日糧中分別添加0.75%和1.50%紫錐菊復(fù)方超微粉后飼喂。分別進(jìn)行哺乳仔豬生長(zhǎng)性能和免疫功能指標(biāo)的試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:生產(chǎn)性能上,與空白對(duì)照組相比,低劑量組和高劑量組的哺乳仔豬平均斷奶體質(zhì)量分別提高了9.52%,18.90%(P0.05);平均日增質(zhì)量分別提高了14.00%,26.60%(P0.05)。免疫功能上,與空白對(duì)照組相比,低劑量組和高劑量組的哺乳仔豬IgA,IgG,IgM均有所提高(P0.05);IFN-γ分別提高了0.23%(P0.05),18.95%(P0.05);TNF-α分別提高了7.88%,16.35%(P0.05);IL-2分別提高了19.62%,23.39%(P0.05);IL-10分別提高了18.77%(P0.05),36.12%(P0.05)。豬瘟和偽狂犬抗體水平均有所提高(P0.05)。綜合研究結(jié)果得出:該自擬紫錐菊復(fù)方超微粉屬于無毒性物質(zhì),應(yīng)用養(yǎng)豬生產(chǎn)中比較安全;斷奶仔豬中,連續(xù)用藥15d以添加0.25%劑量最佳,連續(xù)用藥30d以添加0.50%劑量最佳,這兩個(gè)添加劑量組都能提高斷奶仔豬的日增質(zhì)量,降低料肉比,提高免疫功能指標(biāo),以在斷奶仔豬日糧中添加0.50%的劑量連續(xù)用藥30d的效果更好;在母豬日糧中0.75%和1.50%的添加劑量都可以提高哺乳仔豬生長(zhǎng)性能,增強(qiáng)免疫功能,以1.50%添加劑量的效果最好。
[Abstract]:In this study, according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, combined with the characteristics of the growth and development of pigs, the group was organized, and the toxicity test was carried out after ultramicro comminution, then added to the diet of sow and weanling piglets in different proportions. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the ultra micro powder of Echinacea compound on the growth performance and immune function of suckling piglets and weanling piglets. The compound superfine powder was made into a water extract by routine method. The dose of 100002000040000,60 000mg/kg body was given in the acute toxicity test, and the dose of the cumulative toxicity test was 100200400600mg/kg body mass. The effects of the drugs on the mice were observed. The results showed that in the acute toxicity test, LD5060000mg/kg; in the accumulative toxicity test, it was small. The average daily body mass of mice in each dose group was not significantly different from that of the control group (P0.05). The second part, selected (27 + 3) days of age healthy three yuan weanling pigs 140, according to the similar body condition, the principle of male and female half was randomly divided into A, B, C, D, E, F, G, each group. The group carried out 2 repetitions, each repeated 10 heads. The test period was 30d, group A was fed on standard pig farm diet, B and C group, D and E group, F and G group added 0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75% Echinacea compound superfine powder respectively. After feeding 15d, B, D, F groups were fed to pig farm standard diet. The growth performance and immune function of weanling piglets were carried out respectively. The results showed that, compared with the blank control group, the average daily intake of B, D and E increased by 2.95%, 5.63%, 5.21% (P0.05), F, C group increased by 0.32%, 0.32% (P0.05), G group decreased by 13.33 (P0.05), and B, D, C, respectively increased by 13.26%, 12.92%, 16.29%, 37.32%, respectively; Increased 2.31% (P0.05); G group decreased by 0.61% (P0.05). The ratio of meat to meat, B, C, D, E, F, G group decreased by 9.50%, 6.50%, 2%, 12.50%, 19.50%, 13% (P0.05). The difference was not significant (P0.05); the Ig A in C, E and G groups of continuous drug use increased by 7.70% (P0.05), 20.75% (P0.05), 9.30% (P0.05), IgG increased by 7.70% (P0.05), 12.31%, 9.83%, 16.92%, 22.60%, 22.60%, respectively, 21.14%, 32.32%, 30.28%, respectively. Do not increase 6.38% (P0.05), 11.83% (P0.05), 18.86% (P0.05); IL-2 increased by 3.12% (P0.05), 11.34% (P0.05), 6.67% (P0.05); IL-10 increased by 24.84% (P0.05), 41.21% (P0.05), 47.68% (P0.05). The level of antibody to swine fever was higher and different (P0.05). The level of pseudorabies antibody was not significant. Third, according to the pre production period. 30 sows were selected, divided into 3 groups, A, B and C, with 10 heads in each group. According to the sow group, the piglets were divided into 3 groups, Aa, Bb and Cc. The piglet Aa group was the blank control group, the Bb group was added to the low dose group and the Cc group was added to the high dose group. The test period was the pre production 5D to 5D to 5D to the sow period of the sow. Postpartum 21d (total 26D). In the experiment, group A was fed on standard diet of pig farm, and group B and C group were fed with 0.75% and 1.50% Echinacea compound superfine powder respectively. The growth performance and immune function indexes of suckling piglets were tested respectively. The results showed that the production performance was compared with the blank control group, the low dose group and the high dose group. The average weaning body mass of suckling piglets increased by 9.52%, 18.90% (P0.05), and the average daily mass increased by 14%, 26.60% (P0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the lactating piglets of the low dose group and the high dose group improved (P0.05) (P0.05), and IFN- gamma increased by 0.23% (P0.05), 18.95% (P0.05) respectively, and TNF- a respectively. Increased by 7.88%, 16.35% (P0.05); IL-2 increased by 19.62%, 23.39% (P0.05); IL-10 increased by 18.77% (P0.05) and 36.12% (P0.05). The level of antibody to swine fever and Pseudorabies increased (P0.05). The results of the comprehensive study showed that the self-made hyper powder of Echinacea compound was a non-toxic substance, and it was more safe in pig breeding and weaned piglets. The optimal dosage of 15d was 0.25% continuous dosage, and the best dosage of 30d was added to the continuous dosage of 0.50%. The two added dose groups could improve the daily mass of weaned piglets, reduce the ratio of meat and meat, and improve the immune function index. The effect of adding 0.50% dose of 30d in the diet of weaned piglets was better, and 0.75% and 1.50% in sow diet. The added dose can improve the growth performance and enhance the immune function of the suckling piglets, with the best dosage of 1.50%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北科技師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5

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