模擬增溫和氮素添加對高寒草甸草地的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-14 20:44
【摘要】：2013和2014兩年在青海大學-清華大學三江源草地生態(tài)環(huán)境監(jiān)測定位站進行野外條件下模擬增溫和氮素添加對高寒草地群落及土壤養(yǎng)分含量的影響的試驗研究,以探索高寒草甸草地土壤碳氮對模擬增溫和氮素添加的響應機制。試驗表明:(1)植被高度、蓋度、優(yōu)良牧草生物量在增溫(F)處理下均高于對照,且在增溫施氮互作下均為(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮處理最高,顯著高于(F)增溫不施氮和(M)對照處理(P0.05),增溫(F)、(H)施銨態(tài)氮處理比對照也有所增加。(2)土壤溫度0-15和15-30cm均為(F)增溫不施氮(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮(H)施銨態(tài)氮(M)對照,土壤濕度為(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮處理最高,且土壤溫濕度最高出現(xiàn)在7月低。(3)2014和2013年土壤全氮含量0-15cm和15-30cm(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮處理顯著高于(M)對照處理(P0.05),全磷含量2014和2013年均為(L)不增溫施硝態(tài)氮處理最高,而全鉀含量則為F處理最高。其含量隨土層加深而減少。速效氮、磷與全氮、磷結(jié)論基本一致,速效鉀也為(L)不增溫施硝態(tài)氮處理下最高。土壤銨態(tài)氮含量2014和2013年0-15和15-30cm土層均為(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮處理顯著高于(F)增溫不施氮、(M)對照處理,2014年0-15cm和2013年土壤硝態(tài)氮含量(B)增溫施氮(銨態(tài):硝態(tài)=70:30)處理顯著M處理(P0.05),而2014年15-30cm L處理顯著高于(F)增溫不施氮、(M)對照處理(P0.05)。增溫施氮使得土壤有機質(zhì)含量在(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮處理下明顯增加,且2014年和2013年均為隨著土層加深有機質(zhì)含量明顯降低,2014和2013年0-15cm和15-30cm土壤有機碳含量(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮處理顯著高于(M)對照處理(P0.05)。(4)0-15cm和15-30cm土壤C/N比均為(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮處理最高,各處理之間均無顯著差異(P0.05)�？傮w來說,(A)增溫施銨態(tài)氮處理更有利于植物生長和土壤營養(yǎng)元素的增加。
[Abstract]:In 2013 and 2014, the effects of simulated warming and nitrogen supplementation on alpine grassland community and soil nutrient content were studied at Sanjiangyuan grassland Ecological Environment Monitoring Positioning Station of Qinghai University-Tsinghua University in the field. To explore the response mechanism of soil carbon and nitrogen to simulated warming and nitrogen addition in alpine meadow grassland. The results showed that: (1) the vegetation height, coverage and biomass of fine forage were all higher than that of the control under the condition of increasing temperature (F), and were the highest under the interaction of (A) and ammonium. It was significantly higher than that of (F) and (M) treatments (P0.05), and that of F), (H treatment was higher than that of the control. (2) soil temperature 0-15 and 15-30cm were (F), no nitrogen, (A), and ammonium nitrogen (M), respectively. The soil moisture was the highest under the treatment of (A) warming and ammonium nitrogen application. The highest soil temperature and humidity occurred in July. (3) soil total nitrogen contents in 2014 and 2013 were significantly higher in 0-15cm and 15-30cm (A) treatments than in control treatments (P 0.05). Total phosphorus contents in 2014 and 2013 were (L) and (L) no nitrate-N treatments. The total potassium content was the highest in F treatment. Its content decreases with the deepening of soil layer. The results of available nitrogen, phosphorus and total nitrogen and phosphorus were basically the same, and the available potassium was the highest under the condition of (L) application of nitrate-N without increasing temperature. The soil ammonium nitrogen contents in 2014 and 2013 0-15 and 15-30cm soil layers were significantly higher than those in (F) and (F) and (M) control treatments. In 2014, 0-15cm and 2013 0-15cm and 2013 were treated with nitrogen (ammonium: nitrate 70: 30). M treatment (P0.05), and 2014 15-30cm L treatment was significantly higher than (F) warming and no nitrogen application, (M) control treatment (P0.05). The content of soil organic matter increased obviously under the condition of (A) heating and ammonium nitrogen application. The organic carbon content of 0-15cm and 15-30cm soil in 2014 and 2013 were significantly decreased with the increase of soil organic matter content. The C / N ratio of 0-15cm and 15-30cm was the highest in 0-15cm and 15-30cm treatments (P0.05). (4, P 0.05, P 0.05), and the soil organic carbon content in 2014 and 2013 was significantly higher than that in the control (P 0.05). (4), the C / N ratio of 0-15cm and 15-30cm was the highest in both 0-15cm and 15-30cm treatments. There was no significant difference among the treatments (P0.05). In general, (A) warming and ammonium nitrogen treatment were more favorable to plant growth and increase of soil nutrient elements.
【學位授予單位】：青海大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S812
[Abstract]:In 2013 and 2014, the effects of simulated warming and nitrogen supplementation on alpine grassland community and soil nutrient content were studied at Sanjiangyuan grassland Ecological Environment Monitoring Positioning Station of Qinghai University-Tsinghua University in the field. To explore the response mechanism of soil carbon and nitrogen to simulated warming and nitrogen addition in alpine meadow grassland. The results showed that: (1) the vegetation height, coverage and biomass of fine forage were all higher than that of the control under the condition of increasing temperature (F), and were the highest under the interaction of (A) and ammonium. It was significantly higher than that of (F) and (M) treatments (P0.05), and that of F), (H treatment was higher than that of the control. (2) soil temperature 0-15 and 15-30cm were (F), no nitrogen, (A), and ammonium nitrogen (M), respectively. The soil moisture was the highest under the treatment of (A) warming and ammonium nitrogen application. The highest soil temperature and humidity occurred in July. (3) soil total nitrogen contents in 2014 and 2013 were significantly higher in 0-15cm and 15-30cm (A) treatments than in control treatments (P 0.05). Total phosphorus contents in 2014 and 2013 were (L) and (L) no nitrate-N treatments. The total potassium content was the highest in F treatment. Its content decreases with the deepening of soil layer. The results of available nitrogen, phosphorus and total nitrogen and phosphorus were basically the same, and the available potassium was the highest under the condition of (L) application of nitrate-N without increasing temperature. The soil ammonium nitrogen contents in 2014 and 2013 0-15 and 15-30cm soil layers were significantly higher than those in (F) and (F) and (M) control treatments. In 2014, 0-15cm and 2013 0-15cm and 2013 were treated with nitrogen (ammonium: nitrate 70: 30). M treatment (P0.05), and 2014 15-30cm L treatment was significantly higher than (F) warming and no nitrogen application, (M) control treatment (P0.05). The content of soil organic matter increased obviously under the condition of (A) heating and ammonium nitrogen application. The organic carbon content of 0-15cm and 15-30cm soil in 2014 and 2013 were significantly decreased with the increase of soil organic matter content. The C / N ratio of 0-15cm and 15-30cm was the highest in 0-15cm and 15-30cm treatments (P0.05). (4, P 0.05, P 0.05), and the soil organic carbon content in 2014 and 2013 was significantly higher than that in the control (P 0.05). (4), the C / N ratio of 0-15cm and 15-30cm was the highest in both 0-15cm and 15-30cm treatments. There was no significant difference among the treatments (P0.05). In general, (A) warming and ammonium nitrogen treatment were more favorable to plant growth and increase of soil nutrient elements.
【學位授予單位】：青海大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S812
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