【摘要】：本論文采用體外批次培養(yǎng)方法,根據沙蔥黃酮類化合物對瘤胃發(fā)酵參數的影響篩選了綿羊日糧中沙蔥黃酮類化合物的適宜添加量,繼而研究了沙蔥黃酮類化合物對綿羊瘤胃內環(huán)境指標及纖維降解的影響,以期為沙蔥及其深加工產品在肉羊養(yǎng)殖中的進一步應用提供科學依據。論文包括三個試驗部分,其試驗設計和主要結果如下：(1)選擇4只體質健康(平均體重：34.6±1.5kg)已安裝永久性瘤胃瘺管蒙古公羊為瘤胃液供體羊。采用單因子試驗設計和人工瘤胃體外批次培養(yǎng)方法,在每2g底物中分別添加0.000(對照組)、0.022、0.032、0.042、0.052 mg沙蔥黃酮類化合物以篩選在綿羊基礎日糧中沙蔥黃酮類化合物的最佳添加水平。結果表明：日糧中添加沙蔥黃酮類化合物可以顯著提高瘤胃產氣量,并且以添加0.032 mg時提高幅度最大(P0.05)；整個培養(yǎng)期內,沙蔥黃酮類化合物添加組pH值高于對照組,但差異不顯著；0.032mg.0.042mg沙蔥黃酮類化合物添加組顯著提高培養(yǎng)液中BCP的濃度,顯著降低培養(yǎng)液中NH3-N濃度(P0.05)；顯著促進TVFA提升,降低乙酸丙酸比值(P0.05)。綜合各項結果分析,沙蔥黃酮類化合物在精粗比3：7條件下綿羊日糧中最適宜的添加范圍為0.032-0.042 mg/2g底物,即16～2]mg/kg。(2)通過自身對照試驗設計,瘤胃液來源同試驗1,分兩期即對照期和試驗期,試驗組分別為16mg/kg、21mg/kg沙蔥黃酮類化合物添加組。每一期分為12d預試期和3d正試期,在正試期飼喂前0h和飼喂后2h、4h、6h、8h、10h、14h、 18h、22h采取瘤胃液,進行綿羊瘤胃內環(huán)境參數的分析。試驗結果表明：日糧中沙蔥黃酮類化合物添加組提高瘤胃pH值,但差異不顯著；日糧中添加沙蔥黃酮類化合物使氨態(tài)氮濃度下降,顯著提高菌體蛋白濃度(P0.05)；日糧中添加沙蔥黃酮類化合物顯著提高總揮發(fā)性脂肪酸和乙酸、丙酸濃度,顯著降低乙酸丙酸比例(P0.05)。(3)使用尼龍袋法,試驗動物同試驗1,本試驗設計采用以自身對照法分兩期進行試驗,分別為對照期和試驗期,并每期分為預試期14d和正試期5d,在正試期將尼龍袋送入瘤胃腹囊處后0h、2h、 6h、24 h、36h、48h、72h的培養(yǎng),進行纖維素降解率分析。結果表明：與對照組相比,各時間點的沙蔥黃酮類化合物添加組的DM和NDF降解率均有上升的趨勢；日糧中添加沙蔥黃酮類化合物對瘤胃動力學參數也有影響,沙蔥黃酮類化合物添加組DM快速降解率a顯著高于對照組(P0.05)；沙蔥黃酮類化合物添加組NDF慢速降解率b高于對照組,但差異不顯著；沙蔥黃酮類化合物添加組DM有效降解率顯著高于對照組(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:According to the effect of flavonoids on rumen fermentation parameters in sheep diet, the suitable amount of flavonoids in sheep diet was selected by batch culture in vitro. The effects of flavonoids on rumen environmental index and fiber degradation of sheep were studied in order to provide scientific basis for the further application of Allium mongolica and its deep processing products in meat sheep breeding. The main results are as follows: (1) four healthy sheep (mean body weight: 34.6 鹵1.5kg) have been installed with permanent rumen fistula for rumen fluid donor. The single factor design and batch culture of artificial rumen in vitro were used to select the best addition level of flavonoids in sheep basal diet by adding 0.000 (control group) 0.022 0. 032 0. 042 and 0. 052 mg flavonoids into the diet of sheep respectively. The results showed that the addition of flavonoids in diet could significantly increase the gas production in rumen, and the maximum increase was at the addition of 0.032 mg (P0.05), and the pH value of the added group was higher than that of the control group during the whole culture period. However, there was no significant difference between 0.032 mg 路0.042 mg and 0.042 mg of leek flavonoids. The concentration of BCP and NH3-N were significantly increased (P0.05), and the ratio of propionic acid acetate (P05) was decreased significantly (P0.05). The results showed that the optimum range of flavonoids in the diet of sheep was 0.032 ~ 0.042 mg/2g substrate (16 ~ 2) mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路m ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). The source of rumen fluid was the same as that in experiment 1. The rumen fluid was divided into two periods: control period and trial period. The experimental group was 16 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) L ~ (-1) of flavonoids. Each phase was divided into 12 d pretest period and 3 d positive trial period. The rumen fluid was taken at 0 h before feeding in the first trial period, and 10 h after feeding at 2 h, 4 h after feeding and 8 h at 8 h after feeding, and the rumen fluid was taken at 18 h and 22 h after feeding. The rumen environmental parameters of sheep were analyzed. The results showed that the pH value of rumen was increased, but the difference was not significant, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen decreased and the concentration of bacterial protein increased significantly (P0.05). The concentration of total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid and propionic acid were significantly increased by adding flavonoids from Allium nigra in diet, and the ratio of propionic acid to acetic acid (P0.05). (3) was significantly decreased by nylon bag method. In the same experiment, the experimental animals were divided into two stages, control period and experimental period. Each period was divided into 14 days and 5 days, and the nylon bag was put into rumen sac for 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h for 72 h. The degradation rate of cellulose was analyzed. The results showed that the degradation rates of DM and NDF in the addition groups of flavonoids of Allium mongolicum at different time points were increased compared with the control group, and the rumen kinetic parameters were also affected by the addition of flavonoids in diet. The rapid degradation rate of DM a was significantly higher in the flavanoid group than that in the control group (P0.05), and the slow degradation rate (b) of NDF in the flavanoid addition group was higher than that in the control group, but the difference was not significant. The effective degradation rate of DM in addition group was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05).
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S826

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本文編號：2121211