發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-10 17:15

  本文選題：蛋重 + 產(chǎn)蛋率　； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究探明飼養(yǎng)環(huán)境、管理和日糧蛋白水平對(duì)與蛋重緊密相關(guān)的輸卵管中卵清蛋白的表達(dá)變化的影響,以期達(dá)到調(diào)控蛋重的大小,滿足生產(chǎn)及生活中人們對(duì)蛋重的要求。環(huán)境和管理方面,從不同產(chǎn)蛋率和不同蛋重、熱應(yīng)激、強(qiáng)制換羽三個(gè)不同狀態(tài)下研究卵清蛋白的表達(dá)變化;日糧蛋白水平方面,在產(chǎn)蛋后期和高峰期,降低日糧蛋白水平并補(bǔ)足必需氨基酸,探究卵清蛋白表達(dá)的變化。試驗(yàn)一研究了不同產(chǎn)蛋率和蛋重蛋雞輸卵管卵清蛋白的表達(dá)規(guī)律。根據(jù)不同的產(chǎn)蛋率(低/高)和蛋重(小/大)選取20只海蘭褐蛋雞分成四個(gè)組:低產(chǎn)蛋率小蛋重組、低產(chǎn)蛋率大蛋重組、高產(chǎn)蛋率小蛋重組和高產(chǎn)蛋率大蛋重組。結(jié)果顯示,這4組蛋雞在采食量和血清尿酸、葡萄糖、雌二醇水平上沒(méi)有差異,而高產(chǎn)蛋率小蛋重組卻比其他3組有較高水平的卵清蛋白表達(dá)。試驗(yàn)二研究了熱應(yīng)激對(duì)蛋重及輸卵管卵清蛋白表達(dá)的影響。45只海蘭褐蛋雞分成每組15的三個(gè)組:熱應(yīng)激組、采食配對(duì)組和對(duì)照組,其中熱應(yīng)激組在32oC條件下處理10天。結(jié)果表明,熱應(yīng)激組的采食量和產(chǎn)蛋量下降,而產(chǎn)蛋率、蛋重、和體重在三個(gè)組沒(méi)有差異。輸卵管卵清蛋白表達(dá)量和血清尿酸、葡萄糖、雌二醇水平不受熱應(yīng)激的影響。試驗(yàn)三研究了強(qiáng)制換羽對(duì)蛋重及輸卵管卵清蛋白表達(dá)的影響。80只82周齡的海蘭褐蛋雞分成四個(gè)組,進(jìn)行強(qiáng)制換羽,分別記錄及檢測(cè)換羽前、換羽中和換羽后產(chǎn)蛋性能和輸卵管卵清蛋白的表達(dá)。結(jié)果顯示,在換羽中期輸卵管卵清蛋白的表達(dá)是顯著低于換羽前和換羽后的。綜上所述,輸卵管卵清蛋白的表達(dá)與蛋雞的生殖狀態(tài)相關(guān),而血清雌二醇水平與輸卵管卵清蛋白的表達(dá)水平?jīng)]有顯著相關(guān)關(guān)系。試驗(yàn)四研究了產(chǎn)蛋后期降低日糧蛋白水平對(duì)輸卵管卵清蛋白表達(dá)的影響。選取160只70周齡的海蘭褐蛋雞分為兩個(gè)組:對(duì)照組和低蛋白組,其中對(duì)照組粗蛋白水平16.5%,低蛋白組的日糧較對(duì)照組蛋白低3.5%,減少豆粕用量,補(bǔ)充必需氨基酸-賴、蛋、蘇、色、精、纈、異亮等至正常水平,并添加0.25%甘氨酸。試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行8個(gè)周。結(jié)果顯示,低蛋白日糧組的蛋重和體重下降,產(chǎn)蛋率和產(chǎn)蛋量與對(duì)照組相比沒(méi)有變化;除了蛋黃顏色加深外,蛋品質(zhì)方面也沒(méi)有變化;血清尿酸、尿素氮和總游離氨基酸水平與對(duì)照組沒(méi)有差異;輸卵管卵清蛋白的表達(dá)量下降。試驗(yàn)五研究了產(chǎn)蛋高峰期降低日糧蛋白水平對(duì)輸卵管卵清蛋白表達(dá)的影響。選取480只25周齡的海蘭褐蛋雞分為四個(gè)組:對(duì)照組、低蛋白組、低蛋白+甘氨酸組和低蛋白+丙氨酸組,其中對(duì)照組粗蛋白水平16.5%,低蛋白組較對(duì)照組蛋白低4%,減少豆粕用量,補(bǔ)充必需氨基酸-賴、蛋、蘇、色、精、纈、異亮等至正常水平,低蛋白+甘氨酸組在低蛋白組日糧的基礎(chǔ)上添加0.25%甘氨酸,低蛋白+丙氨酸組在低蛋白組日糧的基礎(chǔ)上添加0.30%丙氨酸,保持與低蛋白+甘氨酸組的蛋白水平相當(dāng)。試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行20周。結(jié)果表明,低蛋白日糧降低了蛋重、產(chǎn)蛋率、采食量、體重等生產(chǎn)性能;除蛋黃顏色加深外,對(duì)蛋品質(zhì)沒(méi)有顯著影響;輸卵管卵清蛋白的表達(dá)也沒(méi)有顯著變化。以上研究表明,輸卵管膨大部OV的表達(dá)量與蛋重及其他生產(chǎn)性能指標(biāo)無(wú)緊密的關(guān)系,而與蛋雞的生殖狀態(tài)有關(guān),并可能受日糧蛋白水平的調(diào)控。
[Abstract]:This study explored the effects of feeding environment, management and dietary protein level on the expression of ovalbumin in oviduct, which is closely related to egg weight, in order to regulate the size of egg weight and meet the requirements of egg weight in production and life. Environment and management, from different laying rate and egg weight, heat stress, and forced feathers, three The changes in the expression of ovalbumin were studied in different states. In the level of dietary protein, the level of dietary protein and essential amino acids were reduced and the expression of ovalbumin was investigated at the late and peak stages of laying eggs. 20 hens and egg weight (small / big) were divided into four groups: the low yield egg rate small egg restructure, the low yield egg rate big egg restructure, the high yield egg rate small egg recombination and the high yield egg rate big egg restructure. The results showed that the 4 groups were not different in the feed intake, the serum uric acid, the glucose and the female two alcohol level, but the high yield egg rate small egg restructure was better than that The 3 groups had high level of ovalbumin expression. Test two the effect of heat stress on egg weight and ovalbumin expression in.45 was divided into three groups of 15 of each group: heat stress group, feeding pairing group and control group. The heat stress group treated for 10 days under 32oC conditions. The results showed that the feed intake and production of heat stress group were for 10 days. The amount of egg production, egg weight, and weight were not different in three groups. The effect of oviduct ovalbumin expression and serum uric acid, glucose and estradiol was not affected by heat stress. Test three the effect of forced plume on egg weight and ovalbumin expression in.80 was divided into four groups, which were only 82 weeks old. The results showed that the expression of ovalbumin was significantly lower than before and after the plume in the plume, and the oviduct ovalbumin's table was related to the reproductive state of the laying hens and the serum estradiol. There was no significant correlation between level and ovalbumin expression level. Experiment four studied the effect of dietary protein level on oviduct ovalbumin expression at the later stage of egg production. 160 70 week old hens were divided into two groups: the control group and the low protein group, in which the crude protein level of the control group was 16.5%, and the low protein group was the day. The diet was 3.5% lower than that of the control group, reducing the amount of soybean meal, supplementing the essential amino acids - Lai, eggs, SW, color, sperm, valerine, and brighten to normal levels, and adding 0.25% glycine for 8 weeks. The results showed that the egg weight and weight of the low protein diet group decreased, the egg production rate and the egg production rate were not changed compared with the control group; except for the yolk color, the color of the egg yolk was deepened, There was no change in egg quality; serum uric acid, urea nitrogen and total free amino acids were not different from those in the control group; the expression of oviduct ovalbumin decreased. Experiment five studied the effect of reducing the level of dietary protein on ovalbumin expression in the peak period of egg production. 480 25 weeks old hens were divided into four groups: Group, low protein group, low protein + glycine group and low protein + alanine group, in which the crude protein level of the control group was 16.5%, the low protein group was 4% lower than the control group, and the amount of soybean meal was reduced. The essential amino acids were supplemented to the normal level, and the low protein + glycine group added 0.25% glycine on the basis of low protein diet. Amino acid, low protein + alanine group added 0.30% alanine on the basis of low protein diet and kept the same protein level as low protein + glycine. The experiment was carried out for 20 weeks. The results showed that low protein diet reduced egg weight, egg production rate, feed intake and weight, and had no significant effect on egg quality except the color of egg yolk. The expression of ovalbumin in oviduct did not change significantly. The above study showed that the expression of OV in the tubal enlargement was not closely related to the egg weight and other production performance indicators, but it was related to the reproductive state of the laying hens and may be regulated by the level of dietary protein.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S831

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