本文選題：生豬科技入戶 + 推廣模式�。� 參考：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展正在經(jīng)歷轉(zhuǎn)型:從單純的數(shù)量型增長(zhǎng)向質(zhì)量效益和生態(tài)環(huán)境效益轉(zhuǎn)型。為了在轉(zhuǎn)型期更好地做好生豬科技推廣工作,本文將前階段(2005-2013年)上海市生豬科技入戶工作模式、工作內(nèi)容,及其產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、生態(tài)環(huán)境效益進(jìn)行分析和總結(jié)。上海市生豬科技入戶工程的模式是以政府(農(nóng)委畜牧辦)主管,組織高校、研究所科研人員形成專家組,以市動(dòng)物疾病預(yù)防與控制中心和上海市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院畜牧獸醫(yī)研究所、區(qū)縣鎮(zhèn)級(jí)的指導(dǎo)員為推廣主體(科技入戶指導(dǎo)員)。指導(dǎo)員通過(guò)課堂培訓(xùn)、田間實(shí)訓(xùn)、養(yǎng)戶講堂、單個(gè)培訓(xùn)、典型示范、巡回互動(dòng)等多種形式的培訓(xùn)活動(dòng),推廣生豬養(yǎng)殖技術(shù),以科技示范點(diǎn)建設(shè)為核心,實(shí)施項(xiàng)目帶動(dòng)戰(zhàn)略,以點(diǎn)帶面,全面提升全市的養(yǎng)豬生產(chǎn)水平。主要推介優(yōu)良豬種如大白、長(zhǎng)白、杜洛克等優(yōu)良引進(jìn)品種以及含有浦東白、楓涇、沙烏頭、上海白等地方豬種血統(tǒng)的二元(二洋或一洋一土)或三元(二洋一土)雜交母豬,推介低碳環(huán)保型的糞污減排技術(shù),精準(zhǔn)高效型的人工授精等繁育技術(shù)和精細(xì)飼養(yǎng)技術(shù)。經(jīng)過(guò)幾年努力,效果明顯,主要體現(xiàn)在:一是工程覆蓋率明顯擴(kuò)大。生豬科技入戶工程推廣的繁殖母豬的技術(shù)覆蓋率由2009年的70.63%增加到2013年的73.46%(覆蓋率提高4%),其中2013年生產(chǎn)母豬存欄數(shù)為135153頭,工程實(shí)施區(qū)域有99280頭,生產(chǎn)覆蓋率為73.46%,為五年之最高;生豬養(yǎng)豬戶的覆蓋率也由2009年的8.8%提高到2013年的14.81%(覆蓋率提高68.29%),而2011年生豬養(yǎng)殖戶覆蓋率最高,有4469個(gè)養(yǎng)殖戶,工程實(shí)施區(qū)域?yàn)?515戶,覆蓋率占15.98%。二是養(yǎng)殖水平和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益明顯提高。上海市每頭生產(chǎn)母豬年提供商品豬數(shù)由2009年的17.69頭提高到2013年的18.31頭,提高了 3.5%;平均日增重由2009年的262.6g提高到2013年的583g,提高了 122.1%,其中2012年達(dá)到589g;料重比由2009年的3.21提高到2013年的3.17(飼料轉(zhuǎn)化率提高1.25%)。上海市生豬科技入戶工程產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益由2009年的1388.57萬(wàn)元,提高到2013年的1770.61萬(wàn)元,提高了 27.51%。三是社會(huì)效益和環(huán)境效益明顯改善。通過(guò)生豬科技入戶,培養(yǎng)了一批生豬科技推廣專業(yè)人員,其中市級(jí)指導(dǎo)人4名、區(qū)縣級(jí)指導(dǎo)員有77名,共計(jì)81名;有效地促進(jìn)了生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的發(fā)展,上海市現(xiàn)已建成300個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化規(guī)模養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng);通過(guò)推廣冬季保溫設(shè)施和管理,有效解決了豬舍冬季保溫難題,降低仔豬疾病發(fā)生率,提高了豬肉產(chǎn)品的生物安全性;通過(guò)推廣種養(yǎng)結(jié)合技術(shù),將豬場(chǎng)廢棄物無(wú)害化處理技術(shù)、種養(yǎng)結(jié)合技術(shù),減少了養(yǎng)豬生產(chǎn)對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的污染。但在項(xiàng)目實(shí)施中,由于經(jīng)費(fèi)不足、生豬行情不利等客觀問(wèn)題,導(dǎo)致科技入戶輻射數(shù)量有限、技術(shù)更新不及時(shí)。因此,在新的轉(zhuǎn)型期,如何鞏固生豬科技入戶工作的成果,使生豬科技推廣工作再上一個(gè)新的臺(tái)階,需要進(jìn)一步完善各種配套機(jī)制,加大投入力度,切實(shí)保障專家開(kāi)展工作和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)員入戶指導(dǎo)所需配套經(jīng)費(fèi),加強(qiáng)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)隊(duì)伍、突出入戶工作重心、加強(qiáng)工作績(jī)效考核。
[Abstract]:The development of pig industry in China is undergoing a transition from simple quantitative growth to quality benefit and ecological environment benefit. In order to better promote the promotion of pig science and technology in the transition period, the work model, work content, economic, social and ecological ring of Shanghai pig science and technology in the previous stage (2005-2013 years) are introduced in this paper. The model of Shanghai pig science and technology entry project is based on the administration of the government (Agriculture Committee Animal Husbandry Office), the organization of colleges and universities, and the research personnel of the Institute to form an expert group, and the center of animal disease prevention and control of the city and the animal husbandry and veterinary Research Institute of the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the District County township level instructors as the extension main body. Instructors, instructors through the classroom training, field training, household lecture hall, individual training, typical demonstration, itinerant interaction and other forms of training activities, promotion of pig breeding technology, the construction of science and technology demonstration points as the core, the implementation of the project driven strategy, to improve the overall level of pig production in the city. Great white, long white, Duroc and other excellent imported varieties, as well as two yuan (two ocean or one ocean soil) or three yuan (two ocean one soil) hybrid sow containing Pudong white, Fengjing, Shabu and Shanghai white, introduce low carbon and environmental protection technology of fecal pollution reduction, precision and high efficiency artificial insemination and fine breeding technology and fine feeding technology. For several years, the effect is obvious, mainly reflected in the following: first, the coverage rate of the project is obviously expanded. The technical coverage rate of the breeding sows promoted by the pig science and technology household project has increased from 70.63% in 2009 to 73.46% in 2013 (4%), of which 135153 in 2013, 99280 in the project implementation area and 7 in the production coverage. 3.46%, the highest in five years; the coverage rate of pig farmers increased from 8.8% in 2009 to 14.81% in 2013 (the coverage rate increased by 68.29%). In 2011, the coverage rate of pig farmers was the highest. There were 4469 farmers and 1515 households in the project implementation area. The coverage rate of 15.98%. two was a significant increase in breeding and economic benefits. Each production in Shanghai was produced. The number of pigs provided in the year of sows increased from 17.69 in 2009 to 18.31 in 2013, and increased by 3.5%; the average daily gain increased from 262.6g in 2009 to 583g in 2013, and increased by 122.1% in 2012 to 589g, and the weight ratio was increased from 3.21 in 2009 to 3.17 in 2013. (the feed conversion rate of feed was raised by 1.25%) in Shanghai. The economic benefit produced by Cheng was raised from 13 million 885 thousand and 700 yuan in 2009 to 17 million 706 thousand and 100 yuan in 2013, and the social and environmental benefits were improved by 27.51%. three. Through pig science and technology, a batch of pig science and technology promotion professionals were trained, including 4 municipal directors, 77 district and county instructors, and a total of 81. 300 standardized pig farms have been built in Shanghai with the scale and standardization of the pig industry. By popularizing the heat preservation facilities and management in winter, the heat preservation problem of the pig house in winter is effectively solved, the incidence of piglet disease is reduced, the biological safety of pork products is improved, and the pig farm wastes are harmless by popularizing the technology of breeding and breeding. However, in the implementation of the project, due to the lack of funds and the disadvantage of the pig market, the number of radiation in science and technology is limited and the technology is not updated in time. Therefore, in the new transition period, how to consolidate the achievements of the pig science and technology into the household work and to make the pig family in the new period of transformation The technical promotion work is on a new step. We need to further improve all kinds of supporting mechanisms, increase investment, guarantee the necessary funds for the guidance of the experts to carry out work and technical instructors, strengthen the technical guidance team, highlight the focus of the household work, and strengthen the performance evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F326.3;F323.3

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