發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-29 11:16

  本文選題：內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊 + 季節(jié)　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了深入掌握內(nèi)蒙古絨山羊甲烷排放現(xiàn)狀,進(jìn)一步研究和挖掘絨山羊瘤胃甲烷菌多樣性遺傳資源,補(bǔ)充瘤胃古菌領(lǐng)域的知識(shí),提高動(dòng)物生產(chǎn)性能和控制溫室效應(yīng),本研究采用現(xiàn)代分子生物技術(shù)手段,分別在夏(8月)、冬(2月)季節(jié)進(jìn)行了不同類型絨山羊瘤胃發(fā)酵特性和瘤胃產(chǎn)甲烷菌及其相關(guān)微生物的定量和定性比較研究,以期探明季節(jié)變化、品種類型對(duì)絨山羊瘤胃甲烷產(chǎn)生和甲烷菌及相關(guān)微生物的影響。試驗(yàn)一,季節(jié)對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊瘤胃發(fā)酵特性的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示：阿爾巴斯型、二狼山型及阿拉善型三種類型內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊所采食牧草的干物質(zhì)(DM)、粗纖維(NDF. ADF)含量均表現(xiàn)為冬季高于夏季,粗蛋白(CP)的含量為夏季值高于冬季值。品種類型和氣候、地域環(huán)境對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊瘤胃發(fā)酵特性有顯著影響。其中,阿爾巴斯型瘤胃pH值較高于其它兩種類型：氨態(tài)氮含量均為夏季極顯著大于冬季,夏季阿拉善型VFA含量最大,為69.74mmol/L,冬季阿拉善型VFA含量最低,僅16.41mmol/L。試驗(yàn)二,季節(jié)對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊瘤胃微生物數(shù)量比影響。品種類型和氣候、地域環(huán)境對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊瘤胃甲烷菌及相關(guān)微生物種群有一定的影響。其中,阿拉善型瘤胃產(chǎn)甲烷菌的平均數(shù)量最大,二狼山型次之,阿爾巴斯型最低,分別為7.02×108 copy/mL、3.96×108　copy/mL.3.25×108　copy/mL,三種類型內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊瘤胃內(nèi)產(chǎn)甲烷菌的平均數(shù)量均表現(xiàn)為夏季值大于冬季值,分別為7.59× 108　copies/mL和1.96 ×108　copies/mL;纖維分解菌的平均值為冬季顯著大于夏季,分別為1.45×1011 copies/mL　和 4.80×1010 copies/mL;瘤胃內(nèi)原蟲數(shù)量受季節(jié)影響較大三種類型均表現(xiàn)為夏季顯著大于冬季,夏季和冬季原蟲的平均值分別為3.13×1 05個(gè)/mL、8.18×104個(gè)/mL,從類型來(lái)看,夏季、冬季原蟲數(shù)量均是阿拉善型最多。試驗(yàn)三,季節(jié)對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊瘤胃產(chǎn)甲烷菌多樣性的影響。基于高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)得到15486條有效堿基序列,1249個(gè)OTU類型,經(jīng)整理得到32個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)OTU類型,不同季節(jié)各類型白絨山羊OTU類型所占比例不同。在內(nèi)蒙古白絨山羊瘤胃內(nèi)甲烷短桿菌屬為優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)甲烷菌,平均比例為94.98%,甲烷球形菌屬次之,為4.96%,同時(shí)部分類型中含有少量的甲烷微菌屬、甲烷鬃毛菌屬和甲烷微球菌屬。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the present situation of methane emission in Inner Mongolia cashmere goats, the genetic resources of methane bacteria diversity in rumen of cashmere goats were further studied and excavated, the knowledge of ancient rumen bacteria was supplemented, the production performance of animals and the control of Greenhouse Effect were improved. In this study, the rumen fermentation characteristics of different types of cashmere goats and the quantitative and qualitative comparison of rumen methanogenic bacteria and related microorganisms were studied in summer (August) and winter (February) by means of modern molecular biotechnology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of seasonal variation and variety types on rumen methane production and methane bacteria and related microbes in cashmere goats. Experiment 1. Effects of season on rumen fermentation characteristics of Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goat. The results showed that the dry matter (DM) and crude fiber (NDFF) of Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goats fed on the three types of Albas, Erlangshan and Alxa types were dry matter (DM) and crude fiber (NDF). The content of ADF in winter was higher than that in summer, and the content of crude protein (CP) in summer was higher than that in winter. Variety type, climate, regional environment have significant effects on rumen fermentation characteristics of Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats. The pH value of the Alba type was higher than that of the other two types: the ammonia nitrogen content in summer was significantly higher than that in winter, the highest VFA content in summer was 69.74 mmol / L, and the lowest was 16.41 mmol / L in winter. Experiment two, season effect on rumen microbial quantity ratio of Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goat. Variety type, climate, regional environment have certain influence on rumen methane bacteria and related microbial population of Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goat. The average amount of methanogenic bacteria in Alashan type was the largest, followed by Erlang Mountain type and Arbor type. The average number of methanogenic bacteria in the rumen of the three types of Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats were 7.02 脳 108 copy / mL 3.96 脳 108 copymL.3.25 脳 108 copymL, respectively. The average number of methanogenic bacteria in the rumen of the three types of Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats was 7.59 脳 108copies-per-mL and 1.96 脳 108copies-mLrespectively, and the average number of cellulolytic bacteria in winter was significantly larger than that in summer. The results showed that the number of protozoa in the rumen was significantly larger in summer than in winter, and the average values of protozoa in summer and winter were 3.13 脳 10 5 / mL and 8.18 脳 10 4 / mL, respectively. The number of protozoa is the highest in winter. Experiment 3, the effect of season on the diversity of rumen methanogenic bacteria in Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats. Based on the high-throughput sequencing technique, 1249 OTU types of 15486 effective base sequences were obtained, and 32 dominant OTU types were obtained after finishing. The proportion of OTU types of white cashmere goats in different seasons was different. In Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goat, the dominant methanogenic bacteria in the rumen of the genus Botrytis, the average proportion is 94.98, the second is the spheroidal methanobacter, the other is 4.96. At the same time, some types contain a small amount of methanogen, methanocystis and methanococcus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S827

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本文編號(hào)：2081937