發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-26 22:37

  本文選題：哈薩克羔羊 + 早期斷奶　； 參考：《石河子大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要以早期斷奶的哈薩克羔羊?yàn)檠芯繉?duì)象,通過(guò)對(duì)其生長(zhǎng)性能、血液生化指標(biāo)、屠宰性能、器官發(fā)育、肉品質(zhì)和胃腸道組織形態(tài)學(xué)的測(cè)定,同時(shí)結(jié)合早期斷奶對(duì)產(chǎn)后母羊體況恢復(fù)及激素水平影響的檢測(cè),以迄得到一個(gè)適宜本地區(qū)羔羊養(yǎng)殖的推廣模式。試驗(yàn)按照羔羊出生日齡基本一致、體重(5.75±0.54kg)接近、性別一致(♂)、以及母羊產(chǎn)羔胎次一致的原則,將40只哈薩克羔羊隨機(jī)分成4組,分別記為30 d斷奶組、38 d斷奶組、45 d斷奶組和對(duì)照組,對(duì)早期斷奶組羔羊飼喂相同的代乳料,對(duì)照組隨母哺乳。然后進(jìn)行了以下研究:(1)分別在羔羊30、38、45和60日齡時(shí)進(jìn)行體重、體高、體長(zhǎng)和胸圍的測(cè)定。于60日齡晨飼前進(jìn)行采血,測(cè)定其血液生化指標(biāo);(2)60日齡時(shí)從30 d、38 d、45 d和對(duì)照組中各選擇出5只體重相近的羔羊,育肥至90 d進(jìn)行屠宰,分析早期斷奶對(duì)其屠宰性能、器官發(fā)育和肉品質(zhì)的影響。(3)通過(guò)對(duì)瘤胃乳頭長(zhǎng)度、乳頭密度、小腸絨毛高度和隱窩深度的測(cè)量,分析早期斷奶對(duì)羔羊胃腸道組織形態(tài)學(xué)的影響。(4)從30 d、38 d、45 d和對(duì)照組中各選擇出5只體重相近的產(chǎn)后母羊,觀察其在產(chǎn)后、產(chǎn)后一個(gè)月和產(chǎn)后兩個(gè)月時(shí)的體重變化,并從產(chǎn)后60 d開(kāi)始對(duì)其連續(xù)采血20 d,分析早期斷奶對(duì)產(chǎn)后母羊孕酮和雌激素水平的影響。具體結(jié)論如下:1、對(duì)羔羊?qū)嵭性缙跀嗄?飼喂?fàn)I養(yǎng)合理的代乳料,能夠促進(jìn)早期斷奶羔羊的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,因此對(duì)羔羊進(jìn)行早期斷奶具有普遍推廣意義。其中,38 d斷奶組羔羊體重增加尤為突出。早期斷奶組與對(duì)照組羔羊血液生化指標(biāo)總體差異不大,說(shuō)明早期斷奶不會(huì)影響到羔羊的健康狀況及生理活動(dòng)。2、早期斷奶有利于提高羔羊屠宰性能、促進(jìn)其器官發(fā)育、改善肉品質(zhì);通過(guò)比較各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的測(cè)定結(jié)果可知,對(duì)哈薩克羔羊?qū)嵤┰缙跀嗄淌乔袑?shí)可行的,且羔羊于38日齡斷奶效果較好。3、羔羊幼齡時(shí)瘤胃的發(fā)育將直接影響到成年后的采食和消化吸收能力。適宜的斷奶日齡有利于促進(jìn)羔羊小腸的消化吸收。對(duì)早期斷奶羔羊進(jìn)行代乳料的飼喂,增加了其瘤胃重、瘤胃乳頭密度和乳頭長(zhǎng)度,但過(guò)早斷奶會(huì)影響小腸絨毛的恢復(fù),降低消化吸收能力。通過(guò)比較3個(gè)斷奶組和對(duì)照組的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果可知,哈薩克羔羊于38 d或45 d斷奶更有利于促進(jìn)其胃腸道的發(fā)育。4、羔羊早期斷奶有利于產(chǎn)后母羊的體重恢復(fù),為保障母羊提前進(jìn)入下一個(gè)繁殖周期時(shí)有一個(gè)良好的體況打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。越早斷奶,母羊體況恢復(fù)(增重)越明顯,其中30 d斷奶組的母羊體況恢復(fù)最佳。母羊體況提早恢復(fù),有助于發(fā)情周期的提前,試驗(yàn)中30 d斷奶組的母羊發(fā)情數(shù)量最多。早期斷奶組的孕酮和雌二醇的含量均高于對(duì)照組,且早期斷奶組間激素水平變化無(wú)明顯差異,表明早期斷奶有利于母羊機(jī)體生殖功能的恢復(fù)。綜上所述,對(duì)哈薩克羔羊?qū)嵤┰缙跀嗄淌乔袑?shí)可行的,并建議對(duì)哈薩克羔羊?qū)嵭?8d斷奶。
[Abstract]:In this paper, Kazakh lambs with early weaning were studied. The growth performance, blood biochemical index, slaughtering performance, organ development, meat quality and gastrointestinal histomorphology were measured. At the same time, the effects of early weaning on the recovery of body condition and hormone level of postpartum ewe were detected, so as to obtain a suitable extension model for lamb breeding in this area. 40 Kazakh lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the principles of the same birth age, the same body weight (5.75 鹵0.54kg), the same sex and the same birth order of the ewes. The lambs of the early weaning group were fed the same substitute milk, and the control group was lactation with the mother. Then the following studies were carried out: (1) the body weight, body height, body length and chest circumference were measured at the age of 30 ~ 38.45 and 60 days, respectively. Blood samples were collected before morning feeding at the age of 60 days, and their blood biochemical indexes were measured. (2) 5 lambs with similar body weight were selected from 30 days to 38 days and 45 days in the control group at the age of 60 days, and slaughtered from fattening to 90 days, and the slaughtering performance of early weaning was analyzed. Effects of organ development and meat quality. (3) the length of rumen papilla, the density of papilla, the height of villi of small intestine and the depth of crypt were measured. The effects of early weaning on gastrointestinal tissue morphology of lambs were analyzed. (4) five postpartum ewe with similar body weight were selected from 30 d to 38 d and control group respectively, and their weight changes were observed at postpartum, postpartum one month and postpartum two months. The effects of early weaning on progesterone and estrogen levels in postpartum ewe were analyzed. The specific conclusions are as follows: 1. Early weaning of lambs and feeding of suckling substitute with reasonable nutrition can promote the growth and development of early weaning lambs, so it is of great significance to promote early weaning of lambs. The weight gain of lambs in 38 d weaning group was especially prominent. There was no significant difference in blood biochemical indexes between early weaning group and control group, which indicated that early weaning would not affect the health status and physiological activity of lamb, and early weaning could improve the slaughtering performance of lambs and promote the development of their organs. By comparing the results of various indexes, we can see that it is feasible to wean Kazakh lambs at an early stage. The weaning effect of lambs at 38 days old was better. The rumen development of young lambs would directly affect the feeding and digesting and absorption capacity of adult lambs. The suitable age of weaning is beneficial to promote the digestion and absorption of the small intestine of the lamb. Early weaning lambs were fed with substitute milk, which increased rumen weight, rumen nipple density and nipple length, but premature weaning affected the recovery of small intestinal villi and reduced digestion and absorption. By comparing the results of three weaning groups with the control group, it was found that weaning Kazakh lamb at 38 or 45 days was more beneficial to promote the development of gastrointestinal tract, and early weaning was beneficial to the recovery of body weight of postpartum ewe. It lays a solid foundation for ensuring that the ewe enter the next breeding cycle ahead of time and have a good body condition. The earlier weaning, the more obvious the recovery of body condition (weight gain) of ewe, and the best condition of ewe in 30 d weaning group. Early recovery of estrous cycle was helpful to estrus cycle, and estrus quantity of estrus was the most in 30 days weaning group. The levels of progesterone and estradiol in the early weaning group were higher than those in the control group, and there was no significant difference in hormone levels between the early weaning groups, which indicated that early weaning was beneficial to the recovery of reproductive function of ewe. In conclusion, it is feasible to wean Kazakh lambs early, and it is suggested that Kazakh lambs should be weaned for 38 days.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S826

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