本文選題：奶牛 + 乏情��； 參考：《黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：奶牛產(chǎn)后乏情是奶牛產(chǎn)后常發(fā)的一種繁殖障礙問(wèn)題，是指奶牛分娩后胎衣排出體外開(kāi)始到其生殖器官恢復(fù)正常的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)（通常產(chǎn)后60-90天），泌乳奶牛沒(méi)有明顯的發(fā)情表現(xiàn)，并且卵巢無(wú)周期性機(jī)能活動(dòng)狀況。近年來(lái)，隨著我國(guó)奶牛養(yǎng)殖規(guī)模不斷增加，單產(chǎn)水平不斷提高，奶牛產(chǎn)后乏情也日益增高，給奶牛生產(chǎn)帶來(lái)了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。盡管奶牛乏情與許多因素有關(guān)，包括營(yíng)養(yǎng)、代謝和內(nèi)分泌因素等，但是有關(guān)高產(chǎn)奶牛產(chǎn)后乏情與機(jī)體整體代謝的關(guān)系尚未明確。因此，，本試驗(yàn)應(yīng)用代謝組學(xué)理論和技術(shù)——核磁共振技術(shù)結(jié)合多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和生物信息學(xué)分析，獲得了卵巢靜止所致的乏情奶牛血漿特征代謝物，明確了奶牛產(chǎn)后乏情與機(jī)體特征代謝物的關(guān)系，為進(jìn)一步深入揭示奶牛產(chǎn)后乏情的代謝調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制提供科學(xué)的理論依據(jù)。 本試驗(yàn)在黑龍江省某集約化奶牛場(chǎng)隨機(jī)選取產(chǎn)后60-90天的年齡、胎次、體況相近的健康經(jīng)產(chǎn)高產(chǎn)奶牛（年產(chǎn)10t以上）共206頭作為試驗(yàn)動(dòng)物；根據(jù)奶牛臨床表現(xiàn)、直檢和B超檢查結(jié)果以及激素檢測(cè)結(jié)果選取10頭奶牛為發(fā)情組（E），10頭奶牛為乏情組（A）——卵巢靜止；然后對(duì)兩組奶牛血漿樣品進(jìn)行無(wú)偏性的一維氫譜核磁共振（1H Nuclearmagnetic resonance，1H NMR）檢測(cè)，對(duì)比其血漿代謝組學(xué)圖譜，進(jìn)行主成分分析（Principlecomponent analysis, PCA）、偏最小二乘法-判別分析（Partial least squares-discriminant analysis,PLS-DA）和正交校正偏最小二乘法-判別分析（Orthogonal correction partial leastsquares-discriminant analysis, OPLS-DA）等多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，篩選及鑒定乏情奶牛血漿差異代謝產(chǎn)物，并進(jìn)行生物信息學(xué)分析。 結(jié)果顯示：相對(duì)于正常發(fā)情奶牛，乏情奶牛血漿中共12種代謝產(chǎn)物表現(xiàn)異常，包括水平增加的乙酸、檸檬酸和酪氨酸，以及水平下降的低密度脂蛋白、極低密度脂蛋白、脂質(zhì)、丙氨酸、丙酮酸、肌酸、膽堿、磷酸膽堿和甘油磷酸膽堿等；這些代謝產(chǎn)物與糖代謝、氨基酸代謝、脂蛋白代謝和膽堿代謝的異常密切相關(guān)；通過(guò)參與氰基氨基酸代謝通路、丙酮酸代謝（或糖酵解和糖異生）通路、甘氨酸，絲氨酸和蘇氨酸代謝（或三羧酸循環(huán)）通路、三羧酸循環(huán)（TCA循環(huán)）通路、甘氨酸，絲氨酸和蘇氨酸代謝通路、甘油磷脂代謝和甘氨酸，絲氨酸和蘇氨酸代謝通路、甘油磷脂代謝通路、甘油磷脂代謝通路、泛醌的生物合成及其他萜類化合物和苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的生物合成通路調(diào)節(jié)等，干擾了奶牛正常發(fā)情；同時(shí)，乏情奶牛往往處于能量負(fù)平衡狀態(tài)，且可能伴發(fā)酮病和脂肪肝病；血漿肌酸、膽堿濃度降低和酪蛋白濃度升高是奶牛乏情的新變化。 結(jié)論：應(yīng)用1H NMR技術(shù)結(jié)合多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析能夠有效的篩選出患卵巢靜止的乏情奶牛血漿差異代謝產(chǎn)物，全景式、動(dòng)態(tài)性地闡明了奶牛產(chǎn)后乏情體內(nèi)代謝紊亂狀態(tài)，為奶牛產(chǎn)后乏情的深入研究奠定理論和方法學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Postpartum estrus in dairy cows is a common reproductive disorder after delivery. It refers to the period between the excrete of the fetal coat after delivery and the recovery of the reproductive organs (usually 60-90 days after delivery), and the lactating cows have no obvious estrus performance. And the ovary has no periodic functional activity. In recent years, with the continuous increase of the scale of dairy cattle breeding in China, the level of unit yield and the postpartum estrus of dairy cows are also increasing, which has brought huge economic losses to the production of cows. Although estrus is related to many factors, including nutrition, metabolism and endocrine factors, the relationship between postpartum estrus and body metabolism in high-yielding cows is not clear. Therefore, the metabolic theory and technique nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique combined with multivariate statistical analysis and bioinformatics analysis were used to obtain the plasma characteristic metabolites of ovariectic cows caused by ovarian motility. The relationship between postpartum estrus and body characteristic metabolites in dairy cows was clarified, which provided a scientific theoretical basis for further revealing the metabolic regulation mechanism of postpartum estrus in dairy cows. A total of 206 healthy and high-yielding dairy cows (over 10 tons per year) were randomly selected from an intensive dairy farm in Heilongjiang Province for 60 to 90 days postpartum age, birth order and body condition, according to the clinical manifestations of the cows, a total of 206 cows with high yield (annual production of more than 10 tons) were selected as experimental animals. The results of direct examination, B-ultrasound examination and hormone test were 10 cows as estrus group (E) and 10 cows as oestrous group (A), then the plasma samples of both groups were detected by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and the plasma samples of the two groups were detected by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The plasma metabonomics maps were compared and analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal correction partial leastsquares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The plasma metabolites of estrous cows were screened and identified, and bioinformatics analysis was carried out. The results showed that the plasma levels of 12 metabolites were abnormal in estrous cows, including increased levels of acetic acid, citric acid and tyrosine, and decreased low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein and lipid. Alanine, pyruvate, creatine, choline, choline phosphate and choline glycerophosphate; these metabolites are closely related to abnormal metabolism of glucose, amino acid, lipoprotein and choline; by participating in the metabolic pathway of cyanoamino acids, Pyruvate metabolism (or glycolysis and glycosylation) pathway, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism (or tricarboxylic acid cycle) pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) pathway, glycine, serine and threonine metabolic pathway, Glycerol phospholipid metabolism and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathways, glycerol phospholipid metabolism pathway, ubiquinone biosynthesis and other terpenoids and phenylalanine, The regulation of biosynthesis pathway of tyrosine and tryptophan interferes with the normal estrus of dairy cows; at the same time, the estrous cows are often in a negative energy balance state, and may be accompanied by ketosis and fatty liver disease; plasma creatine, The decrease of choline concentration and the increase of casein concentration are the new changes of estrus in dairy cattle. Conclusion: 1H NMR technique combined with multivariate statistical analysis can effectively screen plasma differential metabolites of cows with still ovarium. The metabolic disorder in postpartum estrous body of dairy cows is elucidated in a panoramic and dynamic manner. To lay a theoretical and methodological foundation for the further study of postpartum estrus in dairy cows.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S858.23

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王歡;趙獻(xiàn)鋒;;高產(chǎn)母奶牛發(fā)情鑒定的方法[J];當(dāng)代畜禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè);2009年06期

2 冒海蕾;徐e

本文編號(hào)：2070550