本文選題：禽白血病病毒 + 禽網(wǎng)狀內(nèi)皮組織增生病病毒　； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：家禽中存在多種病毒性免疫抑制病,這類疾病不僅能夠引起機(jī)體原發(fā)感染導(dǎo)致死亡,還能侵害家禽的免疫系統(tǒng),致使機(jī)體免疫功能下降,甚至造成疫苗免疫失敗。此外,這類疾病易引發(fā)其他病毒性和細(xì)菌性病原繼發(fā)感染,因此很難對(duì)這些潛伏感染的病原進(jìn)行確診。這些免疫抑制性病毒在雞群中常常呈現(xiàn)多種傳染性因子和非傳染性因子并存的局面,在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中難以控制和根除。J亞群白血病病毒(Avian leukosis virus subgroup J,ALV-J)和禽網(wǎng)狀內(nèi)皮組織增生病病毒(Retieuloendotheliosis virus,REV)同屬反轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒,兩者均能引起禽類不同程度的免疫抑制疾病,是雞群免疫抑制性病毒的典型代表。養(yǎng)禽業(yè)中普遍存在ALV-J和REV混合感染的現(xiàn)象,尤其是近幾年,二者共感染現(xiàn)象越發(fā)常見(jiàn)。然而,目前尚缺乏安全有效的疫苗對(duì)這兩種病原進(jìn)行預(yù)防,加之這兩種病原誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生抗體的水平較低,甚至不誘導(dǎo)抗體,從而造成防控和檢測(cè)存在困難和疏漏。為了尋找控制ALV-J和REV感染和傳播的新方法,本研究用SPF雛雞建立感染REV和ALV-J的免疫抑制模型,研究?jī)烧吖哺腥疽l(fā)的免疫抑制協(xié)同作用;然后選擇泰山松花粉多糖(Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide,TPPPS)和蜂膠(Propolis,PP)研究二者對(duì)免疫抑制雞的免疫調(diào)理作用,以期為合理有效地防控病毒性免疫抑制疾病提供新的思路。首先建立SPF雛雞感染ALV-J和REV的免疫抑制模型。將120只健康1日齡SPF雛雞,隨機(jī)分成4個(gè)組(I-IV),每組30只。I-III組的雛雞分別腹腔注射REV,ALV-J,REV和ALV-J(1:1混合),建立單獨(dú)感染及共感染模型;IV組注射等量生理鹽水設(shè)為健康對(duì)照組。于感染后的7、14、21、28、35、42和56 d,每組隨機(jī)抽取3只,檢測(cè)相關(guān)免疫指標(biāo)。結(jié)果顯示病毒單獨(dú)感染和混合感染均可引起雞生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育不良,中樞免疫器官萎縮,免疫器官指數(shù)下降,淋巴細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化率和CD4+、CD8+T細(xì)胞數(shù)下降,同時(shí)雞白細(xì)胞介素(IL-2)和干擾素(IFN-γ)的分泌量減少,并且在病毒共感染時(shí)免疫抑制程度最明顯。結(jié)果表明ALV-J、REV均能引起雞的免疫抑制疾病的發(fā)生,并且ALV-J與REV之間的確存在一定的協(xié)同作用,嚴(yán)重抑制機(jī)體免疫器官發(fā)育和免疫功能,加重機(jī)體的免疫抑制性疾病。然后利用TPPPS和PP對(duì)共感染ALV-J和REV的雛雞進(jìn)行免疫調(diào)理作用。選取健康1日齡SPF雛雞150只隨機(jī)分為5個(gè)組(I-V),每組30只。I-IV組為雛雞共感染REV和ALV-J組,在相同條件下飼養(yǎng),I、II組分別皮下注射TPPPS(50 mg/ml)、PP(50 mg/ml)0.2 ml;III組同時(shí)注射TPPPS(50 mg/ml)0.1ml和PP(50 mg/ml)0.1 ml;IV組注射相同含量的生理鹽水作為對(duì)照;V組設(shè)為健康對(duì)照組,在9日齡時(shí),每組免疫新城疫疫苗,于感染后7、14、21、28、35、42、56 d,每組隨機(jī)抽取3羽,檢測(cè)相關(guān)免疫指標(biāo)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示TPPPS和PP均能不同程度的調(diào)節(jié)感染后免疫抑制雞免疫系統(tǒng)的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,相比未使用免疫調(diào)節(jié)劑的免疫抑制組,TPPPS和PP均能有效提高免疫器官指數(shù),淋巴細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化和細(xì)胞因子分泌,改善對(duì)特定疫苗免疫失敗的狀況,降低免疫器官內(nèi)載毒量。其中TPPPS組免疫增強(qiáng)作用顯著高于PP組,TPPPS和PP聯(lián)合作用(TPPPS-PP)組免疫增強(qiáng)效果顯著高于TPPPS或PP單獨(dú)使用組。結(jié)果表明TPPPS和PP是有效的免疫增強(qiáng)劑,可改善免疫抑制雞的免疫功能,并且TPPPS和PP之間存在協(xié)同作用,增強(qiáng)免疫機(jī)能的作用優(yōu)于TPPPS或PP單一使用組。
[Abstract]:There are many viral immunosuppressive diseases in poultry, this kind of disease can not only induce primary infection leads to death, but also against the immune system of poultry, resulting in decreased immune function, and even cause vaccine failure. In addition, this kind of disease cause other viral and bacterial pathogens infection, so it is difficult for these The latent infection of the pathogen diagnosis. These immune suppression often showed the coexistence of a variety of infectious and non infectious factor factor situation in chicken virus. It is difficult to control in the production process and the eradication of avian leukosis virus subgroup.J (Avian leukosis virus subgroup J, ALV-J) and Reticuloendotheliosis Virus (Retieuloendothe Liosis virus, REV) is a retrovirus, both of which can cause different degree of inhibition of poultry immune disease, is a typical representative of chicken immunosuppressive viruses. A common ALV-J and REV mixed infection phenomenon in poultry, especially in recent years, the two co infection phenomenon is common. However, at present the lack of safe and effective vaccines for These two kinds of pathogen prevention, and these two kinds of pathogen induced antibody level is low, even without inducing antibodies, resulting in prevention and detection of problems and omissions. In order to find new methods to control ALV-J and REV infection and transmission, this study used SPF to establish the immune suppression model of chickens infected with REV and ALV-J, research the two co infection The immunosuppressive synergy; then select Taishan pine pollen polysaccharide (Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide, TPPPS) and propolis (Propolis, PP) immune enhancing effect on immune suppression of two chickens, in order to provide new ideas for the effective suppression of disease prevention and control of viral immunity. Firstly, SPF chickens A infection LV-J and REV inhibited the immune model. 120 healthy 1 day old SPF chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups (I-IV), 30 rats in each group.I-III chicks were given intraperitoneal injection of REV, ALV-J, REV and ALV-J (mixed 1:1), the establishment of a separate infection and co infection model; group IV was injected with saline water a healthy control group. After infection of 7,14,21,28,35,42 and 56 d, Each group of 3 rats were randomly selected and related immune indexes. The results showed that the virus single infection and mixed infection can cause chicken growth dysplasia, atrophy of central immune organs, immune organ index decreased, the rate of lymphocyte transformation and CD4+, the number of CD8+T cells decreased, while Chicken Interleukin (IL-2) and interferon (IFN-). A decrease in the secretion and And the virus co infection of immune inhibition degree is the most obvious. The results showed that ALV-J, REV can induce the occurrence of chicken immunosuppressive diseases, and between ALV-J and REV has a synergistic effect, seriously inhibit the development of immune organs and immune function, increase immune suppression of diseases of the body and then use TPPPS and PP. The co infection ALV-J and REV in immune function. Healthy 1 day old SPF 150 chicks were randomly divided into 5 groups (I-V), 30 rats in each group.I-IV chickens were infected with REV and ALV-J group, reared in the same conditions I, II group were injected TPPPS (50, PP (mg/ml) 50 mg/ml 0.2 ml); III group were injected with TPPPS (50 mg/ml) and 0.1ml PP (50 mg/ml) 0.1 M L; IV normal saline were injected with the same content as the control group; V group as a healthy control group, at the age of 9 days, each group of Newcastle disease vaccine, 7,14,21,28,35,42,56 after infection of D, randomly selected 3 feathers, related immune indexes. The results showed that TPPPS and PP are not the same degree of infection control after the immune suppression of the immune system of chicken The growth and development, compared to unused immunoregulators immune suppression group, TPPPS and PP can effectively improve the immune organ index, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion, improvement of the failure of vaccine specific immune state, reduce viral loads in immune organs. In TPPPS group, immune enhancement effect was significantly higher than PP group, the combined effects of TPPPS and PP (TPP PS-PP) group of immune enhancement effect was significantly higher than that of TPPPS or PP alone group. The results showed that TPPPS and PP are effective immunopotentiator, can improve the immune function of chicken immune suppression, and has synergistic effect between TPPPS and PP, TPPPS or PP enhancement effect is better than using a single group of immune function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S858.31

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