本文選題：珍稀動物 + 隱孢子蟲　； 參考：《西北農林科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：藍氏賈第蟲(Giardia lamblia)、隱孢子蟲(Cryptosporidium spp.)和畢氏腸微孢子蟲(Enterocytozoon bieneusi)是3類重要的機會性致病原蟲,在經濟發(fā)達和欠發(fā)達地區(qū)均廣泛流行,對人的健康以及動物的生長發(fā)育造成嚴重的影響,甚至死亡。G.lamblia、Cryptosporidium spp.和E.bieneusi的宿主廣泛,可感染人、畜禽和多種野生/圈養(yǎng)珍稀動物。近期的研究表明,珍稀動物在人與動物的感染過程中具有一定的作用,可引發(fā)嚴重的公共衛(wèi)生隱患。因此,掌握G.lamblia、Cryptosporidium spp.和E.bieneusi的感染情況及種群結構,可為其阻斷傳播途徑、防控其感染提供基礎資料。秦嶺地區(qū)具有豐富的珍稀動植物資源,本研究對陜西秦嶺地區(qū)部分圈養(yǎng)珍稀動物進行G.lamblia、Cryptosporidium spp.和E.bieneusi感染狀況調查,并對所獲得的陽性分離株進行多基因位點序列分型。獲得以下結果:1.2013年9月至2014年12月,對18個物種590份樣品進行藍氏賈第蟲分子檢測,總感染率為3.6%(21/590),主要感染羚牛(8.9%,17/191)、獼猴(3.5%,3/86)、松鼠猴(0.5%,1/20)。DNA序列分析發(fā)現(xiàn)G.lamblia集聚體E(18/21)和B(3/21)兩種集聚體。MLST分析表明,集聚體E具有顯著多態(tài)性,在SSU rRNA、TPI、BG和GDH位點分別存在2、11、10、7個SNPs,構成15種不同MLGs;而集聚體B僅存在一種MLG。2.選取18S rRNA和COWP基因,對上述18個物種590份樣品進行隱孢子蟲感染檢測,感染率為3.9%(23/590),其中羚牛為7.9%(15/191)、獼猴為9.3%(8/86)。種類鑒定為微小隱孢子蟲(3/23)和安氏隱孢子蟲(20/23)。GP60基因分析發(fā)現(xiàn)微小隱孢子蟲具有2種不同的亞型:IId A15G2R1(羚牛源)和IId A19G1(獼猴源)。安氏隱孢子蟲具有兩種MLST亞型為A1,A4,A4,A1和A4,A4,A4,A1。3.基于ITS基因對590份樣品進行E.bieneusi分子檢測,陽性率為10.5%(62/590),分布于偶蹄類動物(羚牛、斑羚、麂子、長頸鹿)、靈長類動物(獼猴、金絲猴、博士猴、狒狒、松鼠猴)、食肉目(大熊貓、小熊貓)。共發(fā)現(xiàn)13種不同的ITS基因型,其中包括人獸共患性基因型D、D-new、MH和EbpC。MS1、MS3、MS4和MS7基因位點均具有顯著多態(tài)性,構成16種不同MLGs,其中MLG4同時見于羚牛和大熊貓,MLG2同時見于羚牛和獼猴,其余MLGs均見于單一物種。
[Abstract]:Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium spp.. And Enterocytozoon bieneusii) are three important opportunistic protozoa, which are widely prevalent in economically developed and underdeveloped areas, and have serious effects on human health and the growth and development of animals, and even on the death of .G.lambliae Cryptosporidium spp. And E.bieneusi hosts a wide range of humans, livestock and poultry and a variety of wild / captive rare animals. Recent studies have shown that rare animals play a role in the process of human and animal infection, which can lead to serious public health risks. Therefore, to master G. lamblia Cryptosporidium spp. The infection status and population structure of E.bieneusi can provide basic information for its blocking transmission pathway and preventing and controlling its infection. There are abundant rare flora and fauna resources in Qinling area. In this study, G. lamblia Cryptosporidium spp. was carried out in some captive animals in Qinling area, Shaanxi Province. And to investigate the infection status of E.bieneusi, and to type the polygenic loci of the positive isolates. The following results were obtained: 1. From September 2013 to December 2014, 590 samples of 18 species were tested for Giardia lamblia. The total infection rate was 3.610 / 590%, the main infection rate was 8.9% of the antelope, the rhesus macaque 3.55% 86%, the squirrel monkey 0.5% 20% 20% DNA sequence analysis showed that the G.lamblia agglomeration E18 / 21) and the BU 3 / 21) agglomeration. MLST analysis showed that the agglomeration E had significant polymorphism. In the SSU rRNA-TPIBG and GDH sites, there were 21110,7 SNPs, which constituted 15 different MLGs, while agglomeration B contained only one MLG.2. The 18s rRNA and COWP genes were selected to detect Cryptosporidium infection in 590 samples of 18 species mentioned above. The infection rate was 3.9 / 590 / 590 / 590 / 590 / 590 / 590, respectively. The species were identified as Cryptosporidium microspore 3 / 23) and Cryptosporidium Angiosporidium 20 / 23. GP60 gene analysis showed that Cryptosporidium microsporidium had two different subtypes: IId A15G2R1 and IId A19G1. There are two MLST subtypes of Cryptosporidium Ansoni: A1, A4, A1. 3, A4, A1. 3. 590 samples were tested for E.bieneusi based on ITS gene. The positive rate was 10.552 / 590g. It was distributed in cloven-hoofed animals (antelope, pronghorn, muntjac, giraffe, primate (macaque, golden monkey, Ph.D. monkey, baboon), squirrel monkey, carnivorous order (giant panda). Red Panda. A total of 13 different ITS genotypes were found, including the homozoonotic genotypes DHD-newhmh and EbpC.MS1m3MS3MS4 and MS7 gene loci, which formed 16 different ITS genotypes, among which MLG4 was found in both antelope and giant panda ML-G2 in both antelope and rhesus monkey. The rest of MLGs was found in a single species.
【學位授予單位】：西北農林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S852.7

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