發(fā)布時間：2018-05-15 07:07

  本文選題：火雞組織滴蟲 + 傳代致弱��； 參考：《揚州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：禽組織滴蟲病(Histomoniasis)又稱為傳染性盲腸肝炎或“黑頭病”,是由火雞組織滴蟲(Histomonas meleagridis,H.meleagridis)引起的雞形目禽類的一種原生寄生蟲病,以肝臟壞死、盲腸腫大和排硫磺樣糞便為主要特征,對火雞的致死率很高,會引起嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟損失。目前,在歐美等火雞主要飼養(yǎng)地區(qū),主要應(yīng)用化學(xué)藥物進行預(yù)防和治療,但是由于大多數(shù)此類藥物具有潛在的致癌性而被禁用,導(dǎo)致該病近些年發(fā)生大規(guī)模傳播和流行,給火雞養(yǎng)殖業(yè)造成了嚴(yán)重的危害。近年來,隨著國內(nèi)規(guī)�；鷳B(tài)圈養(yǎng)和放養(yǎng)等健康養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)的示范和推廣,組織滴蟲病在我國雞群中的流行和發(fā)生也越來越嚴(yán)重。本研究在前期獲得火雞組織滴蟲分離株的基礎(chǔ)上,通過體外連續(xù)傳代選育出致弱蟲株,并初步探究了其免疫保護效果。同時,研究了青蒿素對火雞組織滴蟲的體內(nèi)外抑制效果,旨在為研制抵抗禽組織滴蟲病的新藥和疫苗提供一定的參考。1.火雞組織滴蟲傳代致弱株的選育及其致弱效果將本實驗室分離到的兩株火雞組織滴蟲JSYZ-A和JSYZ-B體外連續(xù)傳代培養(yǎng),選育弱毒株,當(dāng)傳至一定代次時,將其和它們復(fù)蘇的原先凍存株經(jīng)泄殖腔人工感染18日齡白羽肉雞,感染后飼養(yǎng)觀察15天,然后全部撲殺,分別對各組雞的臨床表現(xiàn)、死亡率、增重情況、肝臟和盲腸病變計分情況進行統(tǒng)計分析,比較各蟲株致病力的差異。結(jié)果表明:火雞組織滴蟲體外連續(xù)傳代培養(yǎng)可降低其致病力。本研究獲得火雞組織滴蟲傳代致弱株,為下一步開展致弱株的免疫保護效果研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。2.火雞組織滴蟲傳代致弱株的免疫保護效果將火雞組織滴蟲傳代致弱株JSYZ-B 332以103、104、105個/羽于15日齡經(jīng)泄殖腔各接種10只黃羽肉雞,接種21天后,以強毒株JSYZ-A 18 105個/羽經(jīng)泄殖腔攻蟲,15天后全部撲殺,分別對各組雞的臨床表現(xiàn)、死亡率、增重情況、肝臟和盲腸病變計分情況進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果表明:各免疫組的臨床表現(xiàn)、死亡率都比未免疫攻蟲對照組好;增重比未免疫攻蟲對照組有所改善,且差異顯著;肝臟和盲腸病變均比未免疫攻蟲對照組輕,且差異顯著。各劑量免疫組中,以高劑量組的免疫保護效果最佳。本研究表明火雞組織滴蟲傳代致弱株JSYZ-B 332具有一定的免疫保護效果,可以進一步用于疫苗的研制。3.青蒿素對火雞組織滴蟲的體內(nèi)外抑制效果在傳代培養(yǎng)的蟲體加入不同濃度的青蒿素(500ppm、1000ppm、1500ppm)和對照藥物替硝唑,定期蟲體計數(shù),評價藥物的抑制效果。結(jié)果表明:各濃度的青蒿素均能抑制火雞組織滴蟲的體外增殖,其中以1500 ppm的效果最佳。體內(nèi)抑制試驗分為感染給藥組、感染不給藥組和不感染不給藥組,每組10只雞,15日齡經(jīng)泄殖腔人工感染JSYZ-A 18株,感染后給藥組每天添加150mg/kg飼料的青蒿素,15天后全部撲殺,分別對各組雞的發(fā)病率、死亡率、增重情況、肝臟和盲腸病變計分情況進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果表明:青蒿素保護組的臨床表現(xiàn)、死亡率都比攻蟲對照組好;增重介于攻蟲對照組和健康對照組之間;肝臟和盲腸雖有病變,但程度比攻蟲對照組輕。本研究表明青蒿素在體內(nèi)外對火雞組織滴蟲均有一定的抑制效果,可以用于該病的臨床防治。
[Abstract]:Avian tissue trichomoniasis (Histomoniasis), also known as contagious cecum hepatitis or "black head disease", is a primary parasitic disease of chicken shaped fowl caused by Histomonas meleagridis (H.meleagridis). It is characterized by liver necrosis, cecum swelling and sulphur excrement, and is highly lethal to turkeys. Serious economic losses. At present, the main use of chemical drugs in Europe and the United States and other turkeys is mainly used for prevention and treatment. But because most of these drugs have potential carcinogenicity, they are banned, causing the disease to spread and epidemic in recent years, causing serious harm to the breeding industry of Turkey. In recent years, with domestic The prevalence and occurrence of trichomoniasis in chicken groups in China is becoming more and more serious. On the basis of the early acquisition of the isolate of Trichomonas in Turkey, this study was carried out by continuous generation in vitro, and the effect of its immune protection was preliminarily explored. The effect of artemisinin in vivo and in vitro on Turkey Trichomonas was studied in order to provide a reference for the development of new drugs and vaccines against avian tissue trichomoniasis, and to provide a reference for the breeding of.1. Turkey Trichomonas, and the effect of its weak effect on the continuous subculture of two turkey tissue drops JSYZ-A and JSYZ-B isolated in our laboratory. The strain, when passed to a certain generation, infected 18 day old white feathered broilers by the cloaca of their resuscitation and their resuscitation old frozen storage plants for 15 days after infection. Then all the chickens were killed, and the clinical manifestations, mortality, weight gain, liver and blind enteropathy were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the continuous subculture of Trichomonas in Turkey tissue can reduce its pathogenicity. This study obtained the weak strain of the turkey Trichomonas, and laid the foundation for the immune protection effect of the next step to the immune protection of the weak strains. The immune protection effect of the.2. Turkey Trichomonas, a weak strain of the turkey tissue Trichomonas, will lead to the generation of the weak strain J of the turkey Trichomonas. SYZ-B 332 was inoculated with 10 yellow feathered broilers at 15 days of age at 15 days of age. After 21 days of inoculation, a strong strain of JSYZ-A 18105 / feathers were attacked by the cloaca and all were killed after 15 days. The clinical manifestations, mortality, weight gain, liver and cecum disease in each group were analyzed. The results showed that each immune system was immunized. The clinical manifestation of the group was better than that of the unimmunized control group; the weight gain was better than that of the unimmunized control group, and the difference was significant. The liver and cecum lesions were lighter than the unimmunized control group, and the difference was significant. The immunization of the high dose group was the best in each dose group. This study showed that the turkey Trichomonas was passed on. The weak strain JSYZ-B 332 has a certain immune protection effect. It can be further used in the development of vaccine for the development of.3. artemisinin in vivo and in vitro inhibition effect on Turkey tissue Trichomonas, which are added to different concentrations of artemisinin (500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm) and the control drug to nitrozole. The results showed that artemisinin of each concentration could inhibit the proliferation of Turkey Trichomonas in vitro, and the effect was 1500 ppm. In vivo inhibition test was divided into infection administration group, infection group and non infective group, 10 chickens in each group, 15 days of age through cloaca JSYZ-A 18, after infection, 150mg/kg feed was added to the drug group. The artemisinin was all killed 15 days later. The incidence, mortality, weight gain, liver and cecum disease score of each group were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the mortality of the artemisinin protection group was better than that of the attack control group; the weight gain was between the attack control group and the healthy control group; the liver and the cecum were ill. This study showed that artemisinin had a certain inhibitory effect on the turkey Trichomonas in vivo and in vitro and could be used for the prevention and treatment of the disease.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S858.39

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