本文選題：豬 + 半胱胺�。� 參考：《廣西大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本試驗目的在于研究不同階段生長肥育豬飼糧中添加半胱胺(CS)、N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(NCG)對生產性能、血清理化指標、免疫機能、飼糧養(yǎng)分消化代謝及肉品質等方面的影響。試驗研究分為兩部分：第一部分：研究飼糧中CS、NCG對斷奶仔豬生長性能、免疫機能、血清激素水平和飼糧養(yǎng)分消化率的影響。選擇健康正常的28+2日齡的杜長大三元雜斷奶仔豬405頭,采用3×3析因設計,即3個CS水平(Omg/kg、 120mg/kg、240mg/kg),3個NCG水平(0%、0.05%、0.10%)。隨機分成9組,每組3個重復,每個重復15頭,公母比例相近。第1組為對照組,2-8組為試驗組。進行為期45d的飼養(yǎng)試驗。試驗結果表明：(1)單獨添加0.05%的NCG和CS+0.10%的NCG均有促進仔豬日增重,提高日采食量,降低料肉比的趨勢。(2)添加CS, NCG能有效降低血清中SS,皮質醇的含量,提高GH, IGFs的含量,但對T3,T4水平無顯著影響。其中CS以120mg/kg的添加量為佳,NCG以0.10%的添加量為宜。(3)添加CS和NCG有降低血清膽固醇、甘油三酯、血清尿素氮的趨勢,但是對丙氨酸氨基轉移酶,天門冬氨酸氨基轉移酶,堿性磷酸酶含量無顯著影響；添加0.05%NCG能促進豬脂類代謝與沉積,減少血清中脂類含量；0.10%NCG+120mg/kgCS能顯著提高仔豬血清總蛋白和IgG水平。(4)添加0.10%NCG+240mg/kgCS能顯著改善仔豬飼糧能量和粗蛋白的消化率(P0.05),且兩者互作效果優(yōu)于單因素作用效果。(5)單獨添加0.05%NCG能有效提高仔豬免疫力,維持口蹄疫抗體水平穩(wěn)定。240mg/kgCS與0.10%NCG互作有利于提高仔豬免疫機能及體內口蹄疫抗體水平的恢復。第二部分：研究飼糧中添加CS、NCG對育肥豬生產性能、血清激素水平和肉質性狀等方面狀的影響。選擇健康狀況良好,平均體重77.41±1.22kgDLY育肥豬90頭,采用2×3析因設計,即選擇2個CS水平(0mg/kg和200mg/kg),3個NCG水平(0%、0.10%和0.15%)。隨機分為6個組,每個組3個重復,每個重復5頭,公母比例相近。第1組為對照組,2～5組為試驗組,進行為期45d的飼養(yǎng)試驗。試驗結果表明：(1)添加0.10%NCG能顯著提高育肥豬日增重,降低料重比(P0.05)。NCG與CS在促進生長方面沒有顯著的互作效應,而單獨添加240mg/kg的CS會對豬只帶來腸道損傷。(2)添加CS240mg/kg對育肥豬飼糧總能、粗蛋白質和干物質的消化率有不利影響,而添加0.10%NCG可改善育肥豬的消化功能。(3)CS和NCG互作在適合范圍內使用,能有效調控機體激素分泌；添加240mg/kg的CS和0.10%的NCG有利于維護豬只機體內環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定,減緩應激狀態(tài),促進其健康生長。(4)添加0.10%NCG或240mg/kgCS對血清尿素氮,AST, ALT以及AST/ALT以及免疫球蛋白水平方面均未有顯著影響(P0.05)。但有降低血清膽固醇和甘油三酯水平的趨勢。同時,兩者互作能顯著增加血清總蛋白水平,增強動物免疫力和代謝能力。(5)添加CS240mg/kg能有效增加肌間脂肪含量；0.10%NCG能有效增加肌肉間脂肪含量,增加系水力,降低肉色,其效果優(yōu)于CS,且與CS無明顯的互作效應。(6)脂肪沉積相關基因表達量分析表明,添加CS和NCG均有調控動物機體脂肪代謝的作用,適量的CS和NCG互作可降低肝臟脂肪酸合成,減少體脂沉積,同時促進肌間脂肪的生成。建議肥育豬飼糧添加240mg/kg的CS與0.10%的NCG,以調控豬體脂肪代謝,改善肉質品質。綜上所述,仔豬飼糧添加0.10%NCG和120mg/kgCS可提高生長性能和自身抵抗力,促進仔豬健康生長。肥育豬飼糧聯合添加0.10%NCG+ 240mg/kgCS,能有效提高生長性能,改善豬肉品質。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of cysteamine (CS), N- carbamyl glutamic acid (NCG) on the production performance, blood cleaning index, immune function, nutrient digestion and metabolism and meat quality in different stages of growing fattening pigs. The experimental study was divided into two parts: the first part: the study of the growth of weanling piglets in the diet of CS and NCG The effects of performance, immune function, serum hormone level and dietary nutrient digestibility were selected. A healthy and normal 28+2 day old three yuan mixed Weanling Piglet was selected, using 3 x 3 factorial design, 3 CS levels (Omg/kg, 120mg/kg, 240mg/kg), 3 NCG levels (0%, 0.05%, 0.10%), randomly divided into 9 groups, each of 3 repeats, each repetition 15 head, male mother. The proportion was similar. The first groups were the control group and the 2-8 group was the experimental group. The results showed that (1) the addition of 0.05% NCG and CS+0.10% NCG could promote the daily gain of the piglets, increase the daily feed intake and reduce the trend of the meat ratio. (2) adding CS, NCG can effectively reduce the content of SS and cortisol in the serum, and improve GH, IGFs. But there was no significant effect on the level of T3 and T4. The addition of 120mg/kg was better, and the dosage of NCG was 0.10%. (3) the addition of CS and NCG had the trend of reducing serum cholesterol, triglyceride and serum urea nitrogen, but had no significant influence on alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase; adding 0 .05%NCG can promote lipid metabolism and deposition, reduce the serum lipid content, 0.10%NCG+120mg/kgCS can significantly improve the serum total protein and IgG levels of piglets. (4) adding 0.10%NCG+240mg/kgCS can significantly improve the diet energy and protein digestibility (P0.05) of piglets, and the interaction effect is better than single factor effect. (5) adding 0 separately. 5%NCG can effectively improve the immunity of piglets, maintain the level of FMD antibody and stabilize the interaction of.240mg/kgCS and 0.10%NCG to improve the immune function of piglets and the recovery of the level of FMD antibody in the body. The second part: the study of the effects of adding CS, NCG on the production performance of fattening pigs, serum hormone level and meat quality traits. The health status was good, the average weight of 77.41 + 1.22kgDLY fattening pigs was 90, using 2 x 3 factorial design, that is, 2 CS levels (0mg/kg and 200mg/kg), 3 NCG levels (0%, 0.10% and 0.15%). They were randomly divided into 6 groups, each group was repeated in 3, each repeated 5 head, and the proportion of male and female was close. The first group was the control group and the 2~5 group was the experimental group for a period of 45d feeding. The test results showed that: (1) adding 0.10%NCG can significantly increase the daily weight gain of fattening pigs, reduce the ratio of material weight (P0.05).NCG and CS to promote growth, but CS can bring intestinal damage to pigs alone. (2) adding CS240mg/kg to the total energy of fattening pigs, the digestibility of crude protein and dry matter The addition of 0.10%NCG can improve the digestive function of the fattening pig. (3) the interaction of CS and NCG can effectively regulate the secretion of hormones in the suitable range. Adding 240mg/kg CS and 0.10% NCG can help maintain the stability of the pig's body environment, slow down the stress state and promote its healthy growth. (4) adding 0.10%NCG or 240mg/kgCS pairs. The serum levels of urea nitrogen, AST, ALT, AST/ALT and immunoglobulin were not significantly affected (P0.05), but there was a tendency to reduce serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. At the same time, the interaction between them could significantly increase the level of serum total protein, enhance the immunity and metabolic ability of animals. (5) adding CS240mg/kg can effectively increase the content of intermuscular fat. 0.10%NCG can effectively increase the fat content of the muscle, increase the water power and reduce the color of meat. The effect is better than that of CS, and there is no obvious interaction effect with CS. (6) the analysis of gene expression of fat deposition related gene shows that the addition of CS and NCG all regulate the lipid metabolism of animal body, and a proper amount of CS and NCG can reduce the fatty acid synthesis of the liver and decrease the fatty acid synthesis. Less body fat deposits, and promote the formation of intermuscular fat. It is suggested that the diet of pigs fed with 240mg/kg CS and 0.10% NCG are added to regulate the fat metabolism of pigs and improve the quality of meat quality. In summary, adding 0.10%NCG and 120mg/kgCS to the diet of piglets can improve the growth performance and self resistance and promote the healthy growth of piglets. The diet of fattening pigs is added together to add 0.1. 0%NCG+ 240mg/kgCS can effectively improve growth performance and improve pork quality.

【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S828.5

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