本文選題：雛雞 + 消化道和呼吸道�。� 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：以1日齡雛雞為研究對象,應用熒光定量PCR等技術結合酯酶染色法、甲基綠-派洛寧染色法、間接ELSIA法、阿利新蘭-高碘酸希夫染色法(AB-PAS)等方法,通過MUC2mRNA表達及MUC2蛋白和免疫球蛋白含量,T淋巴細胞、漿細胞和杯狀細胞數(shù)量等相關指標的動態(tài)檢測,較全面系統(tǒng)的研究了不同種類益生菌應用對雛雞消化道和呼吸道局部黏膜免疫組織(哈德爾腺、十二指腸、盲腸扁桃體)及局部體液免疫功能的影響,為益生菌在畜禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)中的應用以及飼料用益生菌產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)提供重要的實驗依據(jù)。研究主要結果如下:(1)雛雞飼喂益生菌后,其哈德爾腺、十二指腸、盲腸扁桃體T淋巴細胞數(shù)量均程度不同的高于對照雛雞。其中,10日齡時,哈德爾腺T淋巴細胞數(shù)量明顯高于對照雛雞(P0.05);7~13日齡時,十二指腸T淋巴細胞數(shù)量明顯高于對照雛雞(P0.05);10~21日齡時,盲腸扁桃體T淋巴細胞數(shù)量明顯高于對照雛雞(P0.05);表明益生菌可提高雛雞局部黏膜組織的細胞免疫功能。(2)雛雞飼喂益生菌后,其哈德爾腺、十二指腸、盲腸扁桃體的漿細胞數(shù)量均程度不同的高于對照雛雞。其中,10~21日齡時,哈德爾腺漿細胞數(shù)量顯著(P0.05或P0.01)高于對照雛雞;7~13日齡時,十二指腸、盲腸扁桃體漿細胞數(shù)量(P0.05或P0.01)明顯高于對照雛雞;表明益生菌可提高雛雞局部黏膜組織的體液免疫功能。(3)雛雞飼喂益生菌后,其淚液、氣管液、膽汁、腸液免疫球蛋白含量均不同程度的高于對照雛雞。其中,7~13日齡時,淚液、膽汁免疫球蛋白含量均明顯(P0.05或P0.01)高于對照雛雞;4~21日齡時,氣管液免疫球蛋白含量明顯(P0.05或P0.01)高于對照雛雞;4~13日齡時,腸液免疫球蛋白含量明顯(P0.05或P0.01)高于對照雛雞;表明益生菌可提高雛雞局部體液免疫功能。(4)雛雞飼喂益生菌后,其十二指腸、盲腸扁桃體杯狀細胞數(shù)量以及MUC2mRNA表達量均高于對照雛雞,其淚液、氣管液、膽汁、腸液MUC2蛋白含量也高于對照雛雞。其中,7~13日齡時,十二指腸、盲腸扁桃體杯狀細胞數(shù)量和淚液中MUC2蛋白含量均明顯(P0.05或P0.01)高于對照雛雞;7~10日齡時,十二指腸MUC2m RNA表達和腸液中MUC2含量均明顯(P0.05或P0.01)高于對照雛雞;10~13日齡時,盲腸扁桃體MUC2mRNA表達和膽汁中MUC2蛋白含量均顯著(P0.05)高于對照雛雞;表明益生菌可促進局部黏膜組織杯狀細胞的增殖,誘導其分泌更多的MUC2蛋白,促使MUC2基因表達上調(diào),增強局部黏膜非特異性免疫功能。(5)乳酸桿菌單獨應用,對雛雞局部黏膜免疫功能及MUC2m RNA表達的作用效果優(yōu)于雙歧桿菌與乳酸桿菌1:1混合的益生菌制劑。
[Abstract]:The 1-day-old chicks were studied by using fluorescence quantitative PCR technique combined with esterase staining, methyl green-paronine staining, indirect ELSIA staining, and Alisinolan-periodate Schiff staining. The expression of MUC2mRNA and the contents of MUC2 protein and immunoglobulin in T lymphocytes, plasma cells and goblet cells were determined dynamically. The effects of different probiotics on the immune function of local mucosal tissues (Harder gland, duodenum, cecal tonsil) and local humoral immunity in chickens were studied. It provides an important experimental basis for the application of probiotics in livestock and poultry breeding and the research and development of probiotic products for feed. The main results were as follows: (1) the number of T lymphocytes in the tonsils of Harder gland, duodenum and cecum of chicks fed with probiotics was higher than that of control chickens. At the age of 10 days, the number of T lymphocytes in the Harder gland was significantly higher than that in the control chicks at the age of 7 and 13 days, and the number of T lymphocytes in the duodenum was significantly higher than that in the control chicks at the age of 1021 days. The number of T lymphocytes in the cecum tonsil was significantly higher than that in the control chicks P0.050.The results showed that probiotics could improve the cellular immune function of the local mucosal tissues of the chicks, and the Harder glands and duodenum of the chickens fed probiotics were increased. The number of plasma cells in the cecum tonsil was higher than that in the control. At the age of 10 ~ 21 days, the number of Harder adenoplasmacytes was significantly higher than that of control chicks (P 0.05 or P 0.01), and the number of tonsil cells in duodenum and cecum was significantly higher than that in control chicks (P 0.05 or P 0.01). The results showed that probiotics could improve the humoral immune function of local mucosal tissues of chicks.) after feeding probiotics, the contents of immunoglobulin in tear, trachea, bile and intestine were higher in chicks than those in control ones. The content of immunoglobulin in tear and bile was significantly higher than that in control chicks (P 0.05 or P 0.01) at day 13 (P 0.05 or P 0.01), and the content of immunoglobulin in trachea fluid was significantly higher than that in control chicks (P 0.05 or P 0.01). The content of immunoglobulin in intestinal fluid was significantly higher than that in control chicks (P0.05 or P0.01), which indicated that probiotics could improve the local humoral immune function of chicks. The number of goblet cells and the expression of MUC2mRNA in the cecum tonsil were higher than those in the control chicks, and the contents of MUC2 protein in tear, trachea fluid, bile and intestinal fluid were also higher than those in the control chicks. The number of goblet cells in duodenum and caecum tonsils and the content of MUC2 protein in tear were significantly higher than those in control chicks at age 713 (P0.05 or P0.01), and the number of goblet cells in duodenum and cecum was significantly higher than that in control chicks at 10 days of age. The expression of MUC2m RNA in duodenum and the content of MUC2 in intestinal fluid were significantly higher than those in control group (P0.05 or P0.01). The expression of MUC2mRNA in cecum tonsil and MUC2 protein in bile were significantly higher than those in control group (P 0.05). These results suggest that probiotics can promote the proliferation of goblet cells in local mucosal tissues, induce the secretion of more MUC2 proteins, promote the up-regulation of MUC2 gene expression, and enhance the local mucosal nonspecific immune function. The effect on local mucosal immune function and MUC2m RNA expression of chicks was better than that of the probiotics mixture of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus 1:1.
【學位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S831.5

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