本文選題：中草藥 + 三穗鴨��； 參考：《貴州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本試驗通過研究不同配方組分的中草藥飼料添加劑對三穗鴨生長性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力和血清生化指標(biāo)的影響,為中草藥飼料添加劑在三穗鴨產(chǎn)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。中草藥飼料添加劑分為兩組組分,中草藥飼料添加劑配方Ⅰ主要由:黃芪、神曲、陳皮、甘草、山藥、五味子、肉桂、烏梅組成,中草藥飼料添加劑配方Ⅱ主要由:小茴香、杜仲、白術(shù)、麥芽、魚腥草、山楂、陳皮、干姜組成。試驗選取300只1日齡健康三穗鴨隨機(jī)分為對照組、試驗組Ⅰ,試驗組Ⅱ,試驗組Ⅲ,試驗組Ⅳ,每組3個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)20只鴨子。飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧的試驗組為對照組,試驗組Ⅰ添加1%的中草藥飼料添加劑配方Ⅰ,試驗組Ⅱ添加1.5%的中草藥飼料添加劑配方Ⅰ,試驗組Ⅲ添加1%的中草藥配方飼料添加劑Ⅱ,試驗組Ⅳ添加1.5%的中草藥配方飼料添加劑Ⅱ。試驗組和對照組的飼養(yǎng)環(huán)境完全相同,試驗開始注射禽流感疫苗,試驗期間每三天將水池里的水進(jìn)行更換,定時對圈舍進(jìn)行打掃,消毒,保持圈舍清潔干燥通風(fēng)。全部試驗三穗鴨均自由飲食,記錄每天飼料消耗量,保持三穗鴨的健康生長。試驗期為120天,通過飼養(yǎng)試驗測定其生長指標(biāo);并分別在60日齡和120日齡時通過翅下靜脈采血測定其血液生化指標(biāo)、免疫功能指標(biāo)以及抗氧化能力指標(biāo)。試驗結(jié)果如下:(1)中草藥飼料添加劑能有效促進(jìn)三穗鴨的生長性能。試驗組與對照組在增重情況上相比,試驗組Ⅰ、組Ⅱ顯著高于對照組(P0.05);試Ⅲ、Ⅳ組差異不顯著,但也有所提高。絕對周增重各組在各個階段都略有差異,相對周增重各組間都呈下降趨勢。試驗Ⅱ組的平均日增重顯著高于對照組(P0.05),試驗Ⅰ、Ⅳ組也有所提高但差異不顯著(P0.05),試驗Ⅲ組有所降低。平均日采食量與對照組相比,試Ⅰ、Ⅳ組顯著提高(P0.05)。與對照組相比料肉比有所降低。研究表明,添加1.5%基礎(chǔ)日糧的中草藥配方Ⅰ,能同時有效的提高三穗鴨3~11周齡的平均日增重和日采食量。(2)添加中草藥飼料添加劑能提高三穗鴨抗氧化能力。中草藥飼料添加劑能顯著提高血清中谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶(GsH-Px),試驗Ⅰ組、試驗Ⅱ組與對照組相比,其血清GsH-Px的含量顯著高于對照組(P0.05);試驗Ⅲ組、試驗Ⅳ組與對照組相比,血清GsH-Px含量略有提高,但差異不顯著(P0.05);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性也均有提升,試驗各組與對照組相比,其血清SOD含量均顯著提高(P0.05);同時添加中草藥飼料添加劑能均能顯著降低三穗鴨血液中的丙二醛(MDA)含量水平(P0.05)。(3)添加中草藥飼料添加劑能有效提高三穗鴨免疫功能。試驗Ⅱ組、試驗組Ⅲ、試驗組Ⅳ與對照組相比,其血清IgA含量分別顯著提高10.41%、8.75%、9.71%(P0.05);試驗Ⅰ組與對照組相比,血液IgA含量略有提高,但差異不顯著(P0.05);IgG含量試驗各組都顯著高于對照組,其中試驗Ⅰ組、試驗Ⅱ組、試驗Ⅲ組、試驗Ⅳ組與對照組相比血液IgG含量分別顯著提高9.25%、17.98%、9.07%、8.99%(P0.05);與對照組相比,試驗Ⅱ組、試驗Ⅲ組血清IgM含量均顯著提高(P0.05);其中試驗Ⅱ組血清IgM含量相比其它各組提高最為明顯;試驗Ⅳ組血清總蛋白含量顯著高于對照組(P0.05),且提高9.62%,試驗Ⅱ組血清總蛋白含量顯著提高8.85%(P0.05);與對照組相比,試驗各組血清白蛋白含量均顯著增加,其中試驗Ⅱ組血清白蛋白含量顯著高于對照組(P0.05),且提高16.60%。(4)添加中草藥飼料添加劑對試驗各組三穗鴨血清生化指標(biāo)均有不同程度的影響。對甘油三酯(TG)的影響,60日齡和120日齡時試驗組Ⅲ、試驗組Ⅳ與對照組相比其TG含量分別顯著下降32.76%、23.53%(P㩳0.05);對總膽固醇(TC)的影響,60日齡和120日齡時試驗組Ⅲ、試驗組Ⅳ與對照組相比,其TC含量差異顯著(P㩳0.05);對低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDLC)的影響,60日齡和120日齡時,試驗組Ⅲ、試驗組Ⅳ與對照組相比其LDLC含量均顯著降低(P0.05),120日齡時,試驗組Ⅱ與對照組相比,血清LDLC含量水平顯著降低;對高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDLC)的影響,60日齡和120日齡時試驗組Ⅲ、試驗組Ⅳ與對照組相比其HDLC含量水平差異顯著(P㩳0.05)。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the effects of Chinese herbal feed additives on the growth performance, immune function, antioxidant capacity and serum biochemical indexes of Sansui ducks were studied, and the scientific basis was provided for the application of Chinese herbal feed additives in Sansui duck industry. The Chinese herbal feed additive was divided into two components and Chinese herbal feed additive formula. I mainly composed of Astragalus, divine comedy, tangerine, licorice, Chinese yam, Schisandra, cinnamon, black plum, and Chinese herbal feed additive formula II mainly consisted of fennel, Eucommia ulmoides, Atractylodes, malt, Houttuynia, hawthorn, tangerine and dried ginger. 300 1 day old Sansui ducks were randomly divided into control group I, test group II, test group III, test group IV, each group of 3 duplicates, each duplication of 20 ducks. The experimental group fed the basic diet was the control group, the experimental group I added 1% Chinese herbal feed additive formula I, the experimental group II added 1.5% Chinese herbal feed additive formula I, the experimental group III added 1% Chinese herbal formula feed additive II, the experimental group IV added 1.5% Chinese herbal medicine. Feed additive II. The feeding environment of the experimental group and the control group was exactly the same. The experiment began to inject the avian influenza vaccine. During the test, the water in the pool was replaced every three days, the house was cleaned, the enclosure was cleaned, the house was kept clean, dry and ventilated. All the Sansui ducks were free to eat, record the daily consumption of feed and keep three. The healthy growth of panicle ducks. The experimental period was 120 days, and the growth indexes were measured by feeding test. Blood biochemical indexes, immune function indexes and antioxidant capacity were measured at 60 days and 120 days of age respectively. The results are as follows: (1) the growth performance of Sansui duck can be effectively promoted. Test group and control group in weight gain compared with the test group I, group II was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05); test III, group IV, the difference was not significant, but also improved. The absolute weekly weight gain is slightly different in each stage, the relative weekly weight increases in each group. The average daily gain of experimental group II is significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). The experiment I, group IV also improved but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the test group III decreased. Compared with the control group, the average daily feed intake was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the ratio of meat to meat was reduced. The study showed that the addition of 1.5% basal diets to the 1.5% basal diet I could effectively improve the level of 3~11 weeks of the duck in the duck. Daily gain and daily feed intake. (2) adding Chinese herbal feed additives can improve the antioxidant capacity of Sansui duck. Chinese herbal feed additives can significantly increase the serum glutathione peroxidase (GsH-Px), test group I, test II group compared with the control group, the serum GsH-Px content is significantly higher than the control group (P0.05); test III group, test IV Compared with the control group, the serum GsH-Px content increased slightly, but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased. Compared with the control group, the serum SOD content was significantly increased (P0.05), and the addition of Chinese herbal feed additive could significantly reduce the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood of Sansui duck. Level (P0.05). (3) adding Chinese herbal feed additives can effectively improve the immune function of Sansui duck. Test group II, test group III, experimental group IV compared with the control group, the serum IgA content increased by 10.41%, 8.75%, 9.71% (P0.05), compared with the control group, the blood IgA content was slightly improved, but the difference was not significant (P0.05); IgG contained The volume test group was significantly higher than the control group, in which the test group I, the test group II, the test group III, the test group IV and the control group were significantly increased by 9.25%, 17.98%, 9.07%, 8.99% (P0.05), respectively. Compared with the control group, the serum IgM content of the test group II group was significantly increased (P0.05), and the serum IgM content of the test group II group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). The serum total protein content of group IV was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05), and increased by 9.62%, and the serum total protein content of group II was significantly increased by 8.85% (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum albumin content was significantly increased, and the serum albumin content in the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.05) and increase the effect of 16.60%. (4) addition of Chinese herbal feed additive on the serum biochemical indexes of Sansui ducks in different degrees. The effect on triglyceride (TG), 60 days old and 120 days old, the test group IV significantly decreased the TG content by 32.76%, 23.53% (P? 0.05) compared with the control group, and the effect on total cholesterol (TC). The test group was 60 days old and 120 days old. Compared with the control group, the test group had significant difference in TC content (P? 0.05), the effect on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), 60 days old and 120 days old, the experimental group III, the test group IV was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05). At the age of 120, the test group II was compared with the control group. The level of LDLC content was significantly reduced; the effect on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), 60 days old and 120 day old group III, the test group IV compared with the control group, the level of HDLC content was significantly different (P? 0.05).

【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S834.5

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