本文選題：呼倫貝爾草原 + 根系分層分布構(gòu)型��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：草地植物生物量在草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)分配和碳循環(huán)方面具有重要地位,對草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)與功能也具有十分重要的影響。目前,對草原根系的研究大多集中在物種根系形態(tài)特征,生理特征以及根系構(gòu)型等,對于草地根系地下生物量的空間分布研究也僅限于對某一具體植物類型根系整體的結(jié)構(gòu)特點,而對草原區(qū)分布的各種不同草原群落及其退化類型根系生物量的系統(tǒng)對比研究尚未見報導(dǎo)。基于以上原因,本文在鄂溫克旗和陳巴爾虎旗對呼倫貝爾草原開展了大量的地上生物量調(diào)查與根系分層取樣測定工作,判斷其地上、地下生物量的相互關(guān)系,確定群落根系的分層構(gòu)型類型,同時分析了群落根系構(gòu)型與植物主要類群組成的相互關(guān)系,研究了不同草地利用方式及草原退化狀態(tài)對群落根系分布的影響,探討了根系生物量對草原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳庫的貢獻(xiàn)。主要研究結(jié)論如下：1.地上生物量與每一土層深度及0-30cm、0-100cm根系生物量均具有顯著的相關(guān)關(guān)系,0-30cm和0-100cm土層深度地上、地下生物量的線性回歸方程可以表示為：y=5.853x+237.8 (R2=0.434; P0.001) y=6.548x+362.5 (R2=0.498; P=0.002)2.在以每個樣方根系單獨取樣統(tǒng)計情況下,群落根系的分層分布具有多樣化的分布構(gòu)型,包括V型分布、Y型分布、E型分布、T型分布和L型分布、O型分布及X型分布。其中,前4種根系分布構(gòu)型根系生物量與地上生物量具有正相關(guān)關(guān)系,而3種分布構(gòu)型則表現(xiàn)出負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。該結(jié)果是對原有對根系分層分布主要為T型分布的主要補(bǔ)充。3.草原植物根系分布類型與構(gòu)成群落的植物類群組成存在密切聯(lián)系。主要群落類型分層平均根系生物量的分布構(gòu)型主要表現(xiàn)為V型分布、Y型分布、T型分布和L型分布4種類型。其中,V型分布和Y型分布以高大叢生禾草和雜類草植物為主,而L型分布以根莖禾草為主,小禾草比重提高,T型分布中根莖苔草占有顯著優(yōu)勢。4.草原不同退化狀態(tài)具有不同的根系分布構(gòu)型。禁牧原生群落和嚴(yán)重退化群落表現(xiàn)為T型分布,但前者以原生群落建群種和雜類草植物為主,而后者以重度退化群落建群種占據(jù)絕對優(yōu)勢。在V型分布和L型分布中,原生群落建群種和雜類草植物占優(yōu)比例相當(dāng),Y型分布中雖然仍以原生群落建群種為主,但重度退化群落建群種比例明顯提高。5.不同的草地利用方式對個根系構(gòu)型的根冠比有著一定程度的影響6.對不同草原類型碳庫水平的分析表明,不同根系構(gòu)型對應(yīng)的草原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳密度存在明顯差異,其變化與各種構(gòu)型的退化狀態(tài)具有較好的一致性。
[Abstract]:Grassland plant biomass plays an important role in the distribution and carbon cycle of the grassland ecosystem, and has a very important influence on the structure and function of grassland ecosystem. At present, the research on the root system of grassland is mostly concentrated on the morphological characteristics, physiological characteristics and root system configuration of the root system for the grasslands root system. The study on the spatial distribution of biomass is also limited to the overall structural characteristics of the root system of a specific plant type, but the systematic comparison of the root biomass of various steppe communities and their degraded types in the grassland area has not been reported. Based on the above reasons, this paper is carried out in Ewenke and Chen Banhu flag to Hulun Buir Grassland. A large number of aboveground biomass surveys and root stratified sampling are used to determine the relationship between ground and underground biomass, to determine the type of stratified configuration of the community root system, and to analyze the relationship between the structure of the community root system and the composition of the main groups of plants, and to study the use of different grassland and the degradation state of the grassland to the community root system. The contribution of the root biomass to the carbon pool of the grassland ecosystem is discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. the aboveground biomass has a significant correlation with the depth of each soil layer and the root biomass of 0-30cm and 0-100cm, and the depth of 0-30cm and 0-100cm soil layer, the linear regression equation of the underground biomass can be expressed as y=5.8 53x+237.8 (R2=0.434; P0.001) y=6.548x+362.5 (R2=0.498; P=0.002) 2. has a diversified distribution configuration in the single sampling of each sample root system, which includes the distribution of V type, Y distribution, E distribution, T distribution and L distribution, O type distribution and distribution type. Among them, the first 4 root systems are distributed in the configuration roots. There is a positive correlation between the biomass and the aboveground biomass, while the 3 distribution patterns show a negative correlation. The result is the main supplement to the original T distribution of the root stratified distribution of the root system. There is a close relationship between the root distribution types of the.3. grassland plant and the composition of the plant groups in the community. The distribution patterns of biomass are mainly V type, Y type, T type and L type. Among them, the distribution of V type and Y type is dominated by tall grasses and heterozygous plants, while the L type is dominated by rhizome grasses and the proportion of small grasses increases, and the rhizomatous grass occupies a significant advantage in the different degraded state of.4. grassland in T distribution. There were different root distribution configurations. The primary and severe degraded communities were T type, but the former was dominated by primary and heterozygous plants, while the latter was dominant in the severe degraded communities. In the distribution of V and L, the proportion of the original group of Rogaine and the hetero grass was equal, Y Although the primary community was still the dominant species in the type distribution, the proportion of the plant species in the severe degraded communities was obviously increased by the different grassland utilization methods of.5., which had a certain influence on the root and crown ratio of the root system. The analysis of the carbon pool level of different grassland types showed that the carbon density of the grassland ecosystem corresponding to the different root system configurations existed in different root systems. Obviously, the change is in good agreement with the degradation state of various configurations.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S812

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