發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-28 14:24

  本文選題：代謝有機(jī)酸 + 生長性能　； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：代謝有機(jī)酸是一類機(jī)體生命代謝過程中產(chǎn)生的中間產(chǎn)物,主要包括短鏈有機(jī)酸、短鏈酮酸,如丙酮酸、酮戊二酸、乙酰乙酸等,在生命活動(dòng)中具有非常重要的作用。其通過參與三大營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)代謝而發(fā)揮重要作用,影響動(dòng)物機(jī)體生長及機(jī)體代謝。本試驗(yàn)通過篩選不同原料作為有機(jī)酸載體,在肉雞飼糧中添加高水平代謝有機(jī)酸產(chǎn)品,探討高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)AA肉雞生長發(fā)育、腸道消化酶活性及腸粘膜形態(tài)的影響。選取1日齡初始體重接近的雄性AA肉雞192羽,隨機(jī)分成4個(gè)處理,每處理4個(gè)重復(fù),每重復(fù)12只雞。對(duì)照組飼喂基礎(chǔ)飼糧,試驗(yàn)組分別在基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加0.1%、1%、5%的代謝有機(jī)酸,試驗(yàn)期28天。分別于試驗(yàn)第1d、15d、29d清晨空腹稱重,統(tǒng)計(jì)各重復(fù)組雞各階段耗料量,計(jì)算平均采食量、日增重、料重比。于試驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí)在雞頸靜脈處采血后屠宰,測(cè)定血清生化指標(biāo)。取腺胃、十二指腸、空腸各消化段內(nèi)容物測(cè)定蛋白酶和脂肪酶的活性。分別剪取十二指腸、空腸中部組織測(cè)定腸粘膜形態(tài)。結(jié)果如下:試驗(yàn)一高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)載體性狀和pH值的影響試驗(yàn)載體豆粕、米糠、稻殼用60目篩細(xì)化后,分別與有機(jī)酸算按4:1比例配制,與未過60目篩原料相比,過60目篩的有機(jī)酸產(chǎn)品均勻程度更高。以稻殼、米糠為載體配制的有機(jī)酸產(chǎn)品有結(jié)粒出現(xiàn),豆粕為載體的有機(jī)酸產(chǎn)品有微量結(jié)粒,但粒狀物質(zhì)容易打碎。有機(jī)酸產(chǎn)品有一定粘稠度,其中以豆粕為載體的有機(jī)酸產(chǎn)品粘度適宜,其他有機(jī)酸產(chǎn)品粘稠度較大,不易混合均勻。不同有機(jī)酸產(chǎn)品的pH值無顯著差異(P0.05)。試驗(yàn)二高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)AA肉雞生長性能、消化酶活性及腸粘膜形態(tài)的影響(1)高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)肉雞生長性能的影響。0.1%代謝有機(jī)酸組肉雞末重、日增重、采食量較對(duì)照組分別提高3.32%、3.40%、1.57%(P0.05),1%代謝有機(jī)酸組肉雞末重與對(duì)照組無顯著差異(P0.05),5%組肉雞體重、采食量、日增重較對(duì)照組分別降低61.34%、63.82%、54.73%(P0.01)。試驗(yàn)組間,5%組肉雞日增重、采食量、體重分別極顯著低于0.1%和1%組(P0.01)。各時(shí)期5%組料重比極顯著高于其他三組(P0.01)。(2)高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)肉雞血液生化指標(biāo)的影響。0.1%組肉雞血清總蛋白含量顯著高于5%組(P0.05)。血清尿酸和葡萄糖含量隨著有機(jī)酸水平的提高呈增加的趨勢(shì),5%組肉雞血清葡萄糖含量顯著高于對(duì)照組13.04%(P0.05)。(3)高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)肉雞內(nèi)臟器官指數(shù)的影響。0.1%組肉雞內(nèi)臟器官重與對(duì)照組無顯著差異(P0.05),1%組肉雞肝臟指數(shù)顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),5%組肉雞心臟、肝臟、胸腺、法氏囊指數(shù)均極顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.01)。(4)高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)肉雞消化道pH的影響。試驗(yàn)組肉雞空腸、腺胃pH值與對(duì)照組相比無顯著差異(P0.05)。0.1%、1%組肉雞十二指腸pH值顯著高于5%組(P0.05)。(5)高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)肉雞消化酶活性的影響。與對(duì)照組相比,1%與5%組肉雞腺胃蛋白酶活性顯著降低(P0.05),試驗(yàn)組十二指腸蛋白酶活性隨有機(jī)酸添加水平提高呈降低趨勢(shì),但無顯著差異(P0.05),各組脂肪酶活性無顯著差異(P0.05)。(6)高水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)肉雞腸粘膜形態(tài)的影響。5%試驗(yàn)組肉雞十二指腸絨毛長度極顯著低于其他三組(P0.01),十二指腸隱窩深度顯著高于其他三組(P0.05)。0.1%和1%組肉雞空腸絨毛長度比對(duì)照組提高了2.01%和1.13%(P0.05)。綜上可知:添加0.1%水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)肉雞生長有促進(jìn)作用,采食量、日增重顯著提高。1%水平代謝有機(jī)酸對(duì)肉雞生長無促進(jìn)作用,但也未出現(xiàn)抑制作用。5%代謝有機(jī)酸組肉雞生長嚴(yán)重受阻;添加高濃度有機(jī)酸會(huì)提高肉雞血清中尿酸、葡萄糖含量,降低蛋白酶活性、對(duì)小腸吸收功能影響不顯著。
[Abstract]:Metabolic organic acids are intermediate products produced in the process of life metabolism, mainly including short chain organic acids, short chain ketoacids, such as pyruvic acid, ketopamyl diacid, acetoacetic acid, and so on. It plays an important role in life activities. It plays an important role in the metabolism of three major nutrients and affects animal body growth and organism generation. By screening different raw materials as organic acid carriers and adding high level metabolic organic acids in broiler diet, the experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of high level metabolic organic acids on the growth and development of AA broilers, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and intestinal mucosal morphology. 192 feathers were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each of which was 1 days of age, close to the body weight. 4 repetitions were treated and 12 chickens were repeated each. The control group was fed with basic diet. The experimental group added 0.1%, 1% and 5% metabolic organic acids to the basal diet for 28 days, respectively, in the test period 1D, 15d, and 29d in the early morning. The activity of protease and lipase in the digestive tract of the stomach, duodenum and jejunum was measured with the contents of the digestive tract in the stomach, duodenum and jejunum. The duodenum and the middle jejunum tissue were cut to determine the intestinal mucosa. The results were as follows: the test of a high level metabolic acid on the carrier character and pH value test carrier bean After refining the meal, rice bran and rice husk with 60 mesh screens, the organic acids were proportions respectively with the organic acids. Compared with the raw material without 60 mesh sieve, the organic acid products of the 60 mesh sieves were even higher. The organic acid products with rice husk and rice bran as carrier appeared in the organic acid products, and the organic acid products with soybean meal as the carrier had micro grains, but the granular material was easily broken. Organic acid products have certain viscosity, in which the viscosity of organic acid products with soybean meal as the carrier is suitable, other organic acid products have greater viscosity and not easy to mix. There is no significant difference in pH value of different organic acid products (P0.05). The effect of two high level metabolic organic acids on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal mucosa morphology of AA broilers (1) The effect of high level metabolic organic acid on the growth performance of Broilers.0.1% metabolic organic acid group was increased by 3.32%, 3.40%, 1.57% (P0.05), respectively, and there was no significant difference between the 1% metabolic organic acid group and the control group (P0.05). 5% groups of meat chicken weight, feed intake, and daily weight gain were 61.34%, 63.82%, respectively, compared with the control group. 54.73% (P0.01). Between the experimental groups, the daily weight gain, feed intake and body weight of 5% groups of broilers were significantly lower than 0.1% and 1% groups (P0.01). 5% groups of material weight ratio were significantly higher than those of the other three groups (P0.01). (2) the effect of high level metabolic organic acids on blood biochemical indexes of broilers was significantly higher than that of group 5% (P0.05). Serum uric acid was significantly higher than that of group 5% (P0.05). The content of glucose and glucose increased with the increase of organic acid level. The glucose content in serum of 5% groups of broilers was significantly higher than that of control group (13.04% P0.05). (3) the effect of high metabolic organic acids on visceral organ index of broilers was not significantly different from the control group in.0.1% group (P0.05), and the liver index of 1% groups of broilers was significantly higher than that of the control group. Group (P0.05), 5% groups of broilers heart, liver, thymus, bursa index were significantly higher than the control group (P0.01). (4) the high level of metabolic organic acids on the digestive tract pH in broilers. The experimental group of broiler jejunum, the pH value of glandular stomach compared with the control group, no significant difference (P0.05).0.1%, 1% groups of chicken duodenal pH value was significantly higher than the 5% groups (P0.05). (5) high level The effect of metabolic organic acid on digestive enzyme activity of broiler chickens. Compared with the control group, the activity of pepsin in the 1% and 5% groups was significantly decreased (P0.05). The activity of the duodenal protease in the experimental group decreased with the increase of the organic acid addition level, but there was no significant difference (P0.05), and there was no significant difference in the activity of lipase in each group (P0.05). (6) the high level of metabolism was in the high level. The effect of organic acid on the morphology of meat and chicken intestinal mucosa in.5% test group was significantly lower than that of other three groups (P0.01). The depth of duodenal recess was significantly higher than that of other three groups (P0.05).0.1% and 1% groups of chicken jejunum villi length increased by 2.01% and 1.13% (P0.05). The growth of broilers has a promoting effect, the feed intake and the daily weight gain significantly increase the.1% level of the metabolic organic acids on the growth of broilers, but there is no inhibition effect on the growth of broilers, and the addition of high concentration organic acids can improve the serum uric acid, glucose content, reduce the activity of protease and the absorption of the small intestine in broilers. The effect is not significant.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S831.5

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