發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-28 07:10

  本文選題：溶菌酶 + 體外發(fā)酵��； 參考：《微生物學(xué)報(bào)》2017年05期

【摘要】：【目的】通過體外靜態(tài)模擬瘤胃發(fā)酵法研究溶菌酶對(duì)瘤胃發(fā)酵、甲烷生成及微生物菌群結(jié)構(gòu)的影響�！痉椒ā坎捎脝我蛩囟嗨皆囼�(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),溶菌酶添加水平分別為0(L-0,對(duì)照組)、0.1 mg/100 m L(L-0.1)、1 mg/100 m L(L-1)、10 mg/100 m L(L-10)和100 mg/100 m L(L-100),定時(shí)測(cè)定產(chǎn)氣量和甲烷產(chǎn)量,培養(yǎng)24 h后,發(fā)酵液用于發(fā)酵參數(shù)和微生物菌群數(shù)量的q PCR測(cè)定,其中L-0、L-1和L-100三個(gè)組發(fā)酵液同時(shí)進(jìn)行16S r RNA基因Illumina高通量測(cè)序�！窘Y(jié)果】與對(duì)照組相比,低劑量溶菌酶添加(L-0.1組)不影響甲烷產(chǎn)量、氨氮濃度、干物質(zhì)消失率、有機(jī)物消失率和總揮發(fā)性脂肪酸等瘤胃發(fā)酵參數(shù)(P0.05);隨著劑量提高,L-1處理組甲烷產(chǎn)量、氨氮濃度顯著降低(P0.05),丙酸濃度顯著增加(P0.05),并且干物質(zhì)消失率、有機(jī)物消失率和總揮發(fā)性脂肪酸不受影響(P0.05);而較高劑量組(L-10和L-100組)雖然甲烷產(chǎn)量顯著降低,丙酸濃度顯著增加(P0.05),但干物質(zhì)消失率和有機(jī)物消失率也顯著降低(P0.05)。q PCR結(jié)果顯示高劑量組(L-100組)總菌、原蟲、甲烷菌數(shù)量與對(duì)照組相比顯著降低(P0.05),而L-0.1、L-1和L-10組總菌、真菌和原蟲數(shù)量與對(duì)照組相比均無顯著變化(P0.05)。高通量測(cè)序主成分分析(PCA)顯示對(duì)照組與溶菌酶添加組間瘤胃細(xì)菌組成的明顯區(qū)分,說明添加溶菌酶顯著改變了瘤胃細(xì)菌菌群結(jié)構(gòu)。溶菌酶通過增加月形單胞菌和琥珀酸弧菌等丙酸生成菌的相對(duì)豐度,使更多的氫被用于生成丙酸,導(dǎo)致甲烷產(chǎn)量降低;溶菌酶可抑制普雷沃氏菌和擬桿菌屬等蛋白降解菌的生長(zhǎng),進(jìn)而減少蛋白質(zhì)過度降解,降低氨氮濃度�！窘Y(jié)論】添加適宜濃度(1 mg/100 m L)的溶菌酶可通過調(diào)控瘤胃微生態(tài)改變瘤胃發(fā)酵模式,降低瘤胃甲烷和氨的生成,短期內(nèi)并不影響飼料消化。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effects of lysozyme on rumen fermentation, methane production and microbial flora by static rumen fermentation in vitro. The levels of lysozyme were 0 ~ (-1), 0 ~ (-1) mg/100 路L ~ (-1) and 10 mg/100 ~ (-1) L ~ (-1) and 10 mg/100 / L ~ (-1) L ~ (-1), respectively. The gas production and methane production were measured periodically. After 24 h culture, the fermentation broth was used to determine the fermentation parameters and the number of microflora. The high throughput sequencing of 16s r RNA gene Illumina was carried out in the fermentation broth of L-0 and L-100 groups simultaneously. [results] compared with the control group, low dose lysozyme supplemented with L-0.1 had no effect on methane production, ammonia concentration and dry matter disappearance rate. The rumen fermentation parameters such as organic matter disappearance rate and total volatile fatty acid were P0.05, and with the increase of dosage, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen decreased significantly, the concentration of propionic acid increased P0.05N, and the dry matter disappeared rate. The disappearance rate of organic compounds and total volatile fatty acids were not affected by P0.05N, while the higher dose groups (L-10 and L-100) decreased methane production significantly, The concentration of propionic acid increased significantly, but the disappearance rate of dry matter and organic matter also decreased significantly. The results showed that the total bacteria, protozoa and methane bacteria in high dose group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the total bacteria in L-0.1 L ~ (-1) and L ~ (10) groups were significantly lower than those in the control group. The number of fungi and protozoa had no significant change compared with the control group (P 0.05). High-throughput sequencing principal component analysis (PCAA) showed that the composition of rumen bacteria was distinguished between the control group and lysozyme added group, which indicated that the addition of lysozyme significantly changed the rumen bacterial flora structure. Lysozyme can increase the relative abundance of propionic acid producing bacteria such as Monomonas monocytogenes and Vibrio succinate so that more hydrogen can be used to produce propionic acid resulting in the reduction of methane production. Lysozyme can inhibit the growth of protein-degrading bacteria, such as Prevos and Bacteroides, and thus reduce the excessive degradation of proteins. [conclusion] the lysozyme supplemented with the appropriate concentration of 1 mg/100 mL can change the rumen fermentation mode and reduce the production of methane and ammonia in the rumen by regulating the rumen microecology, and does not affect feed digestion in the short term.
【作者單位】： 江蘇省消化道營(yíng)養(yǎng)與動(dòng)物健康重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)消化道微生物研究室;俄亥俄州立大學(xué)動(dòng)物科學(xué)系;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金(31402101) 江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金青年基金(BK20140696) 中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金(Y020150023)~~
【分類號(hào)】：S816

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本文編號(hào)：1814286