發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-19 22:23

  本文選題：天然草地牧草 + 裹包青貯　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)草原牧區(qū)在積極推進(jìn)草原畜牧業(yè)的現(xiàn)代化轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)工作。牧草青貯因具有營(yíng)養(yǎng)保存率高、貯藏期長(zhǎng)、家畜利用效率高等特點(diǎn)逐漸成為與干草同樣重要的飼草加工貯藏方式。其中天然草地牧草拉伸膜裹包青貯飼料與窖池法比較,取用方便、利于運(yùn)輸、商品化程度高,是適合畜牧業(yè)現(xiàn)代化生產(chǎn)的飼草供給方式。經(jīng)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外天然草地牧草青貯技術(shù)調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn),目前國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于天然草地牧草裹包青貯工藝條件的研究較少,國(guó)內(nèi)尚無(wú)規(guī)范的相關(guān)研究報(bào)道。為此,本論文以內(nèi)蒙古呼倫貝爾鄂溫克旗天然草地牧草為裹包青貯材料,探究天然草地牧草裹包青貯工藝條件及質(zhì)量調(diào)控技術(shù),以期為生產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)天然草地牧草裹包青貯飼料提供理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。試驗(yàn)得出以下結(jié)論：1.天然草地牧草植物組成復(fù)雜,不同的植物組成牧草對(duì)混合草群的影響不同。本論文試驗(yàn)天然草地牧草混合草群中的優(yōu)勢(shì)種對(duì)混合草群青貯品質(zhì)的影響力大小依次為：羊草豬毛蒿貝加爾針茅黃花苜蓿馬藺。2.天然草地牧草裹包青貯可以有效的抑制天然草地牧草中霉菌、酵母菌、好氧細(xì)菌以及大腸桿菌的生長(zhǎng),促進(jìn)乳酸菌的生長(zhǎng)繁殖；貯藏期10天時(shí)乳酸數(shù)量達(dá)7.65 log cfu/g的水平,之后乳酸菌數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)緩慢。3.從天然草地牧草拉伸膜裹包青貯飼料中經(jīng)鑒定分離出植物乳桿菌、乳酸乳球菌、干酪乳桿菌、短乳桿菌、糞腸球菌以及屎腸球菌等6個(gè)菌種,其中數(shù)量最多的是植物乳桿菌。4.本試驗(yàn)通過(guò)天然草地裹包青貯工藝條件研究得出：所用的六種裹包膜中青貯效果最佳的是IPEX拉伸回縮膜,裹包層數(shù)為4層,最佳密度為300～350 kg/m3。5.通過(guò)添加劑的單因素試驗(yàn)來(lái)看1.5ml/kg甲酸添加量、,2ml/kg丙酸添加量、0.06g/kg乳酸菌劑、0.8g/kg纖維素酶和混合添加劑(1ml/kg甲酸+1ml/kg丙酸+0.02g/kg乳酸菌)的添加量與其他添加量比效果最好,但是經(jīng)過(guò)綜合考慮各個(gè)添加劑的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果和成本,2ml/kg丙酸添加量的裹包青貯飼料的效果最好同時(shí)成本也最低。
[Abstract]:Grassland pastoral areas in China are actively promoting the modernization transformation and upgrading of grassland animal husbandry. Forage silage has become the same important forage processing and storage method as hay because of its characteristics of high nutrient preservation rate, long storage period and high utilization efficiency of livestock. Compared with the cellar method, the natural grassland forage with stretch membrane inclusion silage is convenient to use, convenient for transportation, and highly commercialized. It is a suitable forage supply mode for the modern production of animal husbandry. Based on the investigation of natural grassland forage silage technology at home and abroad, it is found that there are few studies on the technological conditions of natural grassland forage inclusion silage at home and abroad, and there is no standard related research report in China. Therefore, in this paper, the natural grassland forage in Ewenki Banner of Hulunbeir, Inner Mongolia was used as the inclusion silage material to explore the technological conditions and quality control techniques of the natural grassland forage inclusion silage. In order to provide theoretical and technical basis for the production of high quality natural grassland forage inclusion silage. The experiment draws the following conclusion: 1. The composition of natural grassland forage plants is complex, and the effects of different plant composition on mixed grass groups are different. In this paper, the influence of dominant species on the silage quality of mixed grasses in natural grassland was as follows: Leymus chinensis, Artemisia chinensis, Stipa angalensis, Alfalfa Linn. 2. Natural grassland forage inclusion silage could effectively inhibit the growth of fungi, yeast, aerobic bacteria and Escherichia coli in natural grassland forage, and promote the growth and reproduction of lactic acid bacteria, and the amount of lactic acid reached 7.65 log cfu/g after 10 days of storage. After that, the number of lactic acid bacteria increased slowly. Six strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus brevis, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were isolated from herbage in natural grassland, including Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium. Through the study of the technological conditions of natural grassland envelop silage, it is concluded that the best ensilage effect of the six kinds of envelopes used is the drawing back film of IPEX, the number of inclusion layer is 4 layers, the optimum density is 300 ~ 350kg / m ~ (3.5) kg 路m ~ (3. 5). According to the single factor experiment of additive, the addition amount of 1.5ml/kg formic acid is 0.06g / kg propionic acid 0.06g / kg lactic acid bacteria agent 0.8g / kg cellulase and mixed additive 1 ml / kg formic acid 1ml/kg propionic acid 0.02g/kg lactic acid) has the best effect compared with other additives. But after considering the experimental results of each additive and the cost, the best and the lowest cost of the inclusion silage with 2 ml / kg propionic acid was obtained at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S816.53

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本文編號(hào)：1775009