本文選題：鳳尾草　切入點(diǎn)：抑菌活性　出處：《江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中草藥是我國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)的瑰寶,千百年來,受到了國內(nèi)外醫(yī)藥界廣泛的關(guān)注。中草藥鳳尾草作為傳統(tǒng)藥用植物,具有廣譜抗菌的作用。隨著集約化養(yǎng)殖的發(fā)展,大腸桿菌耐藥性日益嚴(yán)重,給畜牧養(yǎng)殖業(yè)帶來了巨大的損失。本文對(duì)鳳尾草中抑菌活性成分的提取工藝及其抑菌作用做了初步研究,以期為鳳尾草抑菌活性單體提取、純化及鑒定的研究提供理論參考。1.鳳尾草提取物助溶劑的篩選。試管二倍稀釋法測定二甲基亞砜(DMSO)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、乙腈、乙醇、丙酮五種有機(jī)溶劑對(duì)大腸桿菌的最低抑菌濃度(MIC)及最低殺菌濃度(MBC),其中DMSO對(duì)大腸桿菌的MIC為12.5%,MBC為50%,確定為鳳尾草提取物的有效助溶劑。2.鳳尾草抑菌活性成分提取工藝的優(yōu)化。以鳳尾草提取物對(duì)大腸桿菌的抑制效果為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),使用溶劑回流提取法,在單因素試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)影響鳳尾草抑菌活性成分提取的因素:乙醇濃度、提取溫度、料液比、提取次數(shù)、提取時(shí)間進(jìn)行L18(35)正交試驗(yàn)。確定最佳提取工藝為:70%乙醇溶液、料液比1:30、提取溫度50℃,提取次數(shù)3次,提取時(shí)間0.5 h,經(jīng)過驗(yàn)證,總黃酮含量平均為69.33 mg/g生藥,抑菌圈直徑平均為18.67±0.03 mm,得膏率平均為19.78%。3.鳳尾草抑菌活性成分的初步分離。采用液-液萃取法追蹤鳳尾草抑菌活性成分的極性,選取正丁醇部分為研究對(duì)象。運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)預(yù)試法對(duì)正丁醇部分的化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行定性分析,正丁醇部分中可能含有機(jī)酸、生物堿、黃酮類、蒽醌類、強(qiáng)心苷等化學(xué)成分,可能不含植物甾醇、萜類、香豆素、內(nèi)酯等成分。4.鳳尾草提取物正丁醇部分抑菌作用及對(duì)細(xì)胞膜的影響。鳳尾草提取物正丁醇部分對(duì)大腸桿菌ATCC25922、大腸桿菌K99、雞沙門氏菌、金黃色葡萄球菌的MIC分別為12.5 mg/m L、25 mg/mL、12.5 mg/mL、12.5 mg/mL,MBC分別為50 mg/mL、50 mg/mL、50 mg/m L、25 mg/m L。抑菌曲線表明,正丁醇部分0.5MIC下,大腸桿菌的生長出現(xiàn)了一段時(shí)間的抑制,隨后正常生長;1MIC下,大腸桿菌的生長一直處于抑制狀態(tài);2MIC下,大腸桿菌的生長快速進(jìn)入衰亡期,并在4 h時(shí)被殺死。電導(dǎo)率曲線表明,經(jīng)1MIC正丁醇部分處理的菌液的電導(dǎo)率不斷上升,直至8 h時(shí),而后呈穩(wěn)定發(fā)展,由此說明,正丁醇部分可使大腸桿菌菌體的細(xì)胞膜受損,細(xì)胞內(nèi)電解質(zhì)外滲。
[Abstract]:Chinese herbal medicine is the treasure of Chinese traditional medicine, which has attracted extensive attention from domestic and foreign medical circles for thousands of years. As a traditional medicinal plant, Chinese herbal Herbal Herbal Echinacea has the function of broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. With the development of intensive culture, The drug resistance of Escherichia coli is becoming more and more serious, which has brought great losses to the livestock industry. This paper has made a preliminary study on the extraction process and the bacteriostatic effect of the antibacterial active components from Euphorbia mandshurica, in order to extract the antimicrobial active monomer. The study of purification and identification provides theoretical reference. 1. Screening of the cosolvent for the extraction of Acetonitrile. Determination of dimethyl sulfoxide dimethyl sulfoxide DMSOF, dimethyl formamide, acetonitrile, ethanol by double dilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of five organic solvents of acetone against Escherichia coli were as follows: the MIC of DMSO to E. coli was 12.5MBC = 50, which was determined to be the effective cosolvent of the extracts of Euphorbia officinalis. 2. Optimization of the technology. The inhibitory effect of the extract of Euphorbia mongolicum on Escherichia coli was used as the evaluation index. On the basis of the single factor experiment, the factors influencing the extraction of the antibacterial active components of Euphorbia chinensis, such as ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, the ratio of material to liquid, the times of extraction, were studied by solvent reflux extraction method. The optimum extraction technology was determined as follows: 1: 70% ethanol solution, ratio of material to liquid 1: 30, extraction temperature 50 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1667416