本文選題：牛　切入點(diǎn)：過瘤胃脂肪　出處：《核農(nóng)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年07期

【摘要】：為探究蛋白質(zhì)和富含不飽和脂肪酸的過瘤胃脂肪對(duì)瘤胃發(fā)酵和尿嘌呤衍生物的影響,選用4頭裝有永久性瘤胃瘺管的晉南閹牛,按照蛋白質(zhì)需要量的85%、100%和115%設(shè)計(jì)3個(gè)水平,并在此基礎(chǔ)上添加0、2.5%、5.0%和7.5%的亞麻油制作的鈣皂作為過瘤胃脂肪,采用3×4兩因素設(shè)計(jì),共形成12組飼糧組合,測(cè)定瘤胃pH、氨態(tài)氮濃度(NH_3-N)濃度、揮發(fā)性脂肪酸(VFA)含量以及尿嘌呤衍生物(PD)的排出量。結(jié)果表明,蛋白質(zhì)和過瘤胃脂肪水平對(duì)瘤胃pH均無顯著影響。蛋白質(zhì)水平對(duì)NH_3-N濃度影響顯著,9組NH_3-N顯著高于1、2、3、4和8組,10組顯著高于3和8組;對(duì)丙酸和乙酸、丁酸、乙酸/丙酸及總酸分別具有極顯著和顯著影響,5組的乙酸濃度較1、2、3和4組顯著提高,9、10和11組瘤胃液中的丙酸濃度較1和2組顯著提高,12組較2組顯著提高,10組的丁酸濃度顯著高于7和8組,1和2組的乙酸/丙酸比值顯著高于9、10和11組;對(duì)精補(bǔ)料養(yǎng)分有效降解率影響極顯著,對(duì)秸稈有機(jī)物(OM)和酸性洗滌纖維(ADF)分別具有極顯著和顯著影響,10組精補(bǔ)料粗蛋白質(zhì)(CP)瘤胃有效降解率顯著高于2、3、4、5、6、7和8組,1、9、11和12組顯著高于4、5、6、7和8組;對(duì)玉米秸稈中ADF瘤胃有效降解率6、7和8組顯著高于除5和12組之外的其余各組,5和12組顯著高于除9和11組之外的其余各組;對(duì)尿囊素和尿嘌呤衍生物有顯著影響,12組的尿囊素和尿嘌呤衍生物顯著高于1和4組,11組尿酸顯著高于其余組。綜上,飼糧蛋白質(zhì)水平對(duì)瘤胃發(fā)酵和尿嘌呤衍生物具有顯著影響,飼糧蛋白質(zhì)水平為飼養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)需要量前提下,過瘤胃脂肪適宜添加量為飼糧的5%。本研究結(jié)果為肉牛養(yǎng)殖中日糧過瘤胃脂肪添加量及蛋白質(zhì)水平提供了一定的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effects of protein and unsaturated fatty acid rich in rumen fat on rumen fermentation and urine purine derivatives, four Jinnan castrated cattle with permanent rumen fistula were selected and designed at three levels according to the protein requirement of 85% and 115%. On the basis of this, calcium soap made from 0.5% and 7.5% linseed oil was added as rumen fat, and 12 dietary combinations were formed by using 3 脳 4 factor design. The rumen pH and NH3-N concentration of rumen were determined. The VFAs of volatile fatty acids and the excretion of urine purine derivative PD. the results showed that, Protein level and rumen fat level had no significant effect on rumen pH. The effect of protein level on NH_3-N concentration was significant. The NH_3-N of group 9 was significantly higher than that of group 1 and group 8, and that of group 10 was significantly higher than that of group 3 and 8, and that of group 10 was significantly higher than that of group 3 and 8, while that of propionic acid and acetic acid, butyric acid, butyric acid. Acetic acid / propionic acid and total acid had significant effects on the concentration of acetic acid in the rumen fluid of group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4, respectively. The concentration of propionic acid in rumen fluid of group 1 and group 2 was significantly higher than that of group 1 and group 2. The concentration of propionic acid in group 1 and group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1 and group 2. The ratio of acetic acid / propionic acid in butyric acid group was significantly higher than that in 7 and 8 groups. It has a significant effect on the effective degradation rate of nutrient. The rumen effective degradation rate of the 10 groups was significantly higher than that of the two groups (2 and 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, and 8), and that of the groups 1 and 12, respectively, was significantly higher than that of the groups 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, respectively, and had a significant effect on the degradation of organic matter in the straw and ADF, which were significantly higher in the 10 groups than those in the control group. The rumen effective degradation rate of ADF in maize straw was significantly higher in groups 6, 7 and 8 than in other groups except 5 and 12 groups, which were significantly higher than those in other groups except 9 and 11 groups. Allantoin and urine purine derivatives in 12 groups were significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 4, and the levels of uric acid in group 1 and group 4 were significantly higher than those in the other groups. Dietary protein levels had significant effects on rumen fermentation and urine purine derivatives. The results of this study provided a basis for rumen fat supplementation and protein level in beef cattle.
【作者單位】： 山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物科技學(xué)院;
【基金】：山西省科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(20140311022-2) 山西現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)牛產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系(17-05)
【分類號(hào)】：S823

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