本文選題：煤炭資源開發(fā)　切入點：草原生態(tài)環(huán)境　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：草原地區(qū)是生態(tài)環(huán)境比較脆弱的地區(qū),也是礦產(chǎn)資源蘊藏豐富的地區(qū)。21世紀以來,隨著礦產(chǎn)資源的大力開發(fā),生態(tài)環(huán)境保護問題日益凸顯。如何在礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)過程中保護生態(tài)環(huán)境,如何通過礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)帶來的經(jīng)濟增長進一步加強生態(tài)環(huán)境保護,是擺在我們面前亟需解決的課題。內(nèi)蒙古草原地區(qū)擁有豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源,尤以煤炭資源最為豐富,蒙東(海拉爾盆地、二連浩特盆地)、蒙西(鄂爾多斯盆地)儲量豐富的煤炭資源大多數(shù)處于草原地區(qū)。從煤炭資源儲量來看,內(nèi)蒙古煤炭資源保有儲量為3730.80億噸,2009年內(nèi)蒙古煤炭產(chǎn)量超過山西省成為全國產(chǎn)量第一的省份。即使在煤炭價格下滑的2013年,內(nèi)蒙古煤炭產(chǎn)量仍然高達10.3億噸,占中國煤炭產(chǎn)量的27.84%。內(nèi)蒙古廣闊的草原和草原地區(qū)大規(guī)模煤炭資源的開發(fā),使草原生態(tài)受到了極大的威脅,水系破壞、水源污染、粉塵污染、草原沙化退化,對蒙古族等各族農(nóng)牧民的生產(chǎn)生活構(gòu)成了一定威脅,也不利于草原地區(qū)經(jīng)濟、社會、資源、環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。西烏珠穆沁旗作為主要草原區(qū)和近些年煤炭資源開發(fā)的主要區(qū)域,大量開采煤炭資源致使生態(tài)環(huán)境損害嚴重,如何在礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)過程中保護和改善生態(tài)環(huán)境成為亟需解決的問題。又由于西烏珠穆沁旗煤炭資源開發(fā)多為露天煤礦,所造成的生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞與井工礦不同,而國內(nèi)的研究偏重露天礦的相對較少,因此,有必要通過研究補充草原地區(qū)煤炭資源開發(fā)與生態(tài)環(huán)境保護方面研究的不足。這一問題的研究對于運用和發(fā)展外部性理論、可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論等具有一定的理論價值,對于解決草原地區(qū)煤炭資源開發(fā)中生態(tài)環(huán)境保護具有較強的現(xiàn)實意義和應(yīng)用價值。論文在系統(tǒng)梳理國內(nèi)外關(guān)于煤炭資源開發(fā)和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護等方面研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了草原地區(qū)煤炭資源開發(fā)與生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的動因。通過訪談法等對西烏珠穆沁旗白音華煤田等進行了實地調(diào)查,并與文獻分析法相結(jié)合,對西烏珠穆沁旗煤炭資源開發(fā)、經(jīng)濟增長、生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的困境等進行了比較深入的分析,提出了基于煤炭資源開發(fā)的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的對策措施:以科學發(fā)展觀和習近平總書記系列講話重要精神為指導,強化草原生態(tài)環(huán)境保護;完善草原生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的立法;建設(shè)和完善草原生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的政策體系與機制;建設(shè)和完善草原生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的涉煤企業(yè)責任機制;建設(shè)和完善草原生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的居民和媒體監(jiān)督機制;設(shè)定草原生態(tài)紅線;實現(xiàn)清潔生產(chǎn)和循環(huán)經(jīng)濟,重塑美麗草原。逡逑
[Abstract]:The grassland area is a fragile region with a relatively weak ecological environment, and is also a region rich in mineral resources. Since the 21st century, with the development of mineral resources, How to protect the ecological environment in the process of mineral resources development, how to further strengthen the ecological environment protection through the economic growth brought by mineral resources development, Nei Mongol steppe region is rich in mineral resources, especially coal resources. Most of the abundant coal resources in Erlianhaote Basin and Mengxi (Ordos Basin) are located in grassland areas. Judging from the reserves of coal resources, Inner Mongolia, which has 373.08 billion tons of coal reserves, overtook Shanxi Province as the country's top producer of coal in 2009. Even in 2013, when coal prices were falling, Inner Mongolia's coal production was still as high as 1.03 billion tons. The exploitation of large-scale coal resources in the vast grasslands and grasslands of Inner Mongolia has caused great threats to grassland ecology, such as water system destruction, water pollution, dust pollution, grassland desertification degradation, It poses a certain threat to the production and life of the peasants and herdsmen of all ethnic groups such as the Mongols, and is not conducive to the economy, society and resources of the grasslands. As the main grassland area and the main area of coal resources exploitation in recent years, the exploitation of coal resources in large quantities caused serious damage to the ecological environment. How to protect and improve the ecological environment in the process of mineral resources development has become an urgent problem to be solved, and since the exploitation of coal resources in Xiwu Qimuqin Banner is mostly opencast coal mine, the ecological environment damage caused by it is different from that of well, industry and mine. However, there are relatively few researches on open-pit mines in China. Therefore, it is necessary to supplement the deficiency of research on coal resources development and ecological environment protection in grassland areas. The theory of sustainable development has certain theoretical value. It is of great practical significance and application value to solve the problem of ecological and environmental protection in the exploitation of coal resources in grassland area. This paper systematically combs the research results of coal resources development and ecological environment protection at home and abroad. This paper analyzes the reasons of coal resource development and ecological environment protection in grassland area. Through the method of interview, the paper makes a field investigation on Baiyinhua coalfield of West Wuzhimuqin Banner, and combines with the literature analysis method to develop the coal resources in West Wuzhoumu Qin Banner. Economic growth, ecological environment damage and the plight of ecological environment protection were thoroughly analyzed. The countermeasures of ecological environment protection based on coal resources exploitation are put forward, such as strengthening grassland ecological environment protection, perfecting legislation of grassland ecological environment protection, guided by the scientific development view and the important spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's series of speeches. To construct and perfect the policy system and mechanism of grassland ecological environment protection, to construct and perfect the coal enterprise responsibility mechanism of grassland ecological environment protection, to construct and perfect the resident and media supervision mechanism of grassland ecological environment protection; Set the ecological red line of grassland; realize clean production and circular economy, reshape beautiful grassland.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S812.8;X171.4
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本文編號：1659295