本文選題：肉羊產(chǎn)業(yè)　切入點：良種繁育　出處：《石河子大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是養(yǎng)羊大國,羊肉產(chǎn)量、出欄量、存欄量均居世界第一。隨著我國社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,城鄉(xiāng)居民生活水平與經(jīng)濟收入的提高,人們對肉羊的需求從數(shù)量需求階段轉(zhuǎn)向質(zhì)量需求階段,這促使我國肉羊產(chǎn)業(yè)要從高產(chǎn)低質(zhì)向高產(chǎn)高質(zhì)發(fā)展。國家相繼出臺《全國肉羊遺傳改良計劃(2015-2025)》、《全國牛羊肉生產(chǎn)發(fā)展規(guī)劃》等文件,提出要完善我國肉羊良種繁育體系、加快肉羊品種改良進程、提高肉羊產(chǎn)業(yè)的綜合生產(chǎn)能力、促進肉羊產(chǎn)業(yè)健康持續(xù)的發(fā)展等。這些文件的出臺,說明了國家對肉羊良種繁育、肉羊品種改良的重視,同時也表明了良種繁育是促進肉羊產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的最好途徑之一。HN公司是自治區(qū)肉羊良種繁育的龍頭企業(yè),是昌吉州最大的肉羊良種繁育技術公司,本文根據(jù)HN公司的數(shù)據(jù)以及相關情況,分析HN公司肉羊良種繁育技術對肉羊產(chǎn)業(yè)的經(jīng)濟貢獻。本文的主要結論:在出欄重量上,通過雜交改良的肉羊比未雜交改良的高5~10kg,良種繁育技術下的個體肉羊在初生重、繁殖率、胴體重、育肥日增重、羊肉品質(zhì)等幾方面得到了全面的提高,具有較為顯著的經(jīng)濟效益;胚胎移植的產(chǎn)羔率是自然繁育的8倍,凈利潤比自然繁育的10倍,在成本利潤率上,胚胎移植為50.56%,自然繁育為33.02%,胚胎移植盈利能力更強。胚胎移植所產(chǎn)羊羔的單位成本相比自然繁育下降了10.75%,胚胎移植技術經(jīng)濟貢獻率達到了45.92%;在凈利潤上,雜交改良后的肉羊比沒有改良的每只高100~300元,能夠降低3.4%的養(yǎng)殖成本;在成本利潤率上,雜交改良后的肉羊為31.17%,而未改良的肉羊為5.43%,雜交改良后的肉羊盈利能力更強,雜交改良技術經(jīng)濟貢獻率達到了25.52%。通過HN公司良種繁育技術對肉羊產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟貢獻分析,本文下提出如下建議:建立建全肉羊良種繁育技術服務體系;加大對品種改良技術的推廣力度,雜交模式的推廣要因地制宜;優(yōu)化肉羊產(chǎn)品結構,多生產(chǎn)羔羊肉;加強對肉羊育種場建立,加強養(yǎng)殖戶在良種繁育上的補貼與扶持。
[Abstract]:China is a big country in sheep raising, with the production of mutton, the quantity of mutton, and the amount of stock standing in the first place in the world. With the development of our country's social economy, the living standard and economic income of urban and rural residents have been improved. People's demand for meat sheep changed from the quantity demand stage to the quality demand stage. This prompted China's meat sheep industry to develop from high yield and low quality to high yield and high quality. The national plan for genetic improvement of meat sheep (2015-2025) and the national plan for the production and development of beef and mutton were issued one after another, and it was proposed to improve the breeding system of improved breeds of meat sheep in China. Speed up the process of mutton sheep breed improvement, improve the comprehensive production capacity of the meat sheep industry, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the meat sheep industry. The introduction of these documents shows that the state attaches importance to the breeding of improved breeds of meat sheep and the improvement of meat sheep breeds. At the same time, it also shows that improved breed breeding is one of the best ways to promote the development of the meat sheep industry. HN Company is the leading company for the breeding of improved breeds of mutton sheep in the autonomous region, and is the largest mutton sheep breeding and breeding technology company in Changji Prefecture. According to the data of HN Company and the related situation, this paper analyzes the economic contribution of improved breed breeding technology of meat sheep in HN Company to the meat sheep industry. The crossbred improved meat sheep was 5 ~ 10 kg higher than that of the non-crossbred mutton sheep. Under the improved breed breeding technology, the individual meat sheep were improved in the aspects of birth weight, fecundity, carcass weight, fattening daily gain, mutton quality and so on. The lambing rate of embryo transfer is 8 times that of natural breeding, the net profit is 10 times than that of natural breeding, and the profit rate of embryo transfer is 10 times higher than that of natural breeding. The embryo transfer rate is 50.56, the natural breeding rate is 33.02, and the embryo transfer is more profitable. The unit cost of the lambs produced by the embryo transfer is 10.75 lower than that of the natural breeding, and the economic contribution rate of the embryo transfer technology has reached 45.92 percent. The improved crossbred sheep were 100 yuan higher than those without improvement, which could reduce the cost of breeding by 3.4%. In terms of cost profit margin, the improved crossbred meat sheep had 31.17 percent, while the unimproved meat sheep had 5.43 cents. The improved crossbred meat sheep had stronger profitability. The technical and economic contribution rate of hybrid improvement has reached 25.52%. Through the analysis of the economic contribution of improved breed breeding technology to the development of meat sheep industry in HN Company, the following suggestions are put forward in this paper: establishing a technical service system for the breeding of improved breed of all-meat sheep; To increase the extension of variety improvement technology, the extension of hybrid model should be adapted to local conditions; optimize the structure of meat sheep products, more production of lamb meat; strengthen the establishment of meat sheep breeding farm, and strengthen the farmers in the breeding subsidies and support.
【學位授予單位】：石河子大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F326.3;F324.6

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