本文選題：低蛋氨酸　切入點：蛋雞　出處：《河南科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本試驗旨在研究低蛋氨酸對蛋雞的生產性能、蛋氨酸代謝途徑和抗氧化能力的影響。選取180只62周齡的海蘭灰蛋雞,根據(jù)產蛋率均勻分成3組(每組6個重復,每個重復10只):對照組飼喂蛋氨酸水平為0.33%的飼糧,低蛋氨酸組分別飼喂蛋氨酸水平為0.21%、0.27%的飼糧,試驗期90天。主要研究結果如下:1.低蛋氨酸對蛋雞的生產性能、蛋品質和血清生化指標的影響(1)飼糧低蛋氨酸顯著影響降低了蛋雞的平均日采食量、平均產蛋率、平均日產蛋重、平均蛋重和不合格蛋率,提高了料蛋比(P0.05)。(2)低蛋氨酸能夠顯著影響蛋形指數(shù)、蛋殼厚、蛋殼強度、蛋黃顏色和蛋清比率(P0.05),但對蛋殼比率、蛋黃比率、蛋清固體含量、蛋黃固體含量及哈夫單位無顯著影響(P0.05)。其中,0.27%蛋氨酸水平組雞蛋的蛋形指數(shù)高于0.21%蛋氨酸水平組(P0.05)。0.21%蛋氨酸水平組雞蛋的蛋殼厚高于其他兩組(P0.05)。0.27%蛋氨酸水平組雞蛋的蛋殼強度高于0.33%蛋氨酸水平組,蛋黃顏色高于其他兩組(P0.05)。蛋清比率隨蛋氨酸水平的提高而增加(P0.05),但是并不影響其干物質含量(P0.05)。(3)低蛋氨酸顯著影響血清鈣、尿酸、白蛋白、甘油三酯、堿性磷酸酶指標(P0.05)。飼糧低蛋氨酸顯著影響蛋雞血清ALP、ALB、UA、TG、Ca、P含量(P0.05)。其中,0.33%蛋氨酸水平組蛋雞血清ALP最低,Ca和TG含量最高(P0.05)。0.21%蛋氨酸水平組蛋雞血清ALB最低(P0.05)。血清UA隨蛋氨酸含量增加而增加(P0.05)。綜上所述,低蛋氨酸顯著降低了海蘭灰蛋雞產蛋后期的平均產蛋率、平均日產蛋重、平均蛋重,提高了料蛋比。低蛋氨酸顯著影響雞蛋的蛋品質,降低了蛋清比率,但是提高了蛋殼的強度和厚度。飼糧低蛋氨酸顯著改變蛋雞血清ALP、ALB、UA、TG、Ca、P含量,影響蛋雞的代謝活動。2.低蛋氨酸對蛋雞血清游離氨基酸和肝臟蛋氨酸代謝基因表達量的影響(1)低蛋氨酸顯著降低蛋雞血清中蛋氨酸的含量(P0.05)。0.21%蛋氨酸水平組蛋雞血清中絲氨酸、甘氨酸丙氨酸和鳥氨酸的水平顯著高于其他兩組,半胱氨酸含量顯著低于對照組(P0.05)。0.27%蛋氨酸水平組蛋雞血清中纈氨酸、異亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、精氨酸和脯氨酸的水平顯著低于于對照組(P0.05)。0.21%蛋氨酸水平組蛋雞血清中氨基己二酸和乙醇胺水平顯著高于0.33%蛋氨酸水平組,β-氨基異丁酸和3-甲基組氨酸顯著低于0.33%蛋氨酸水平組(P0.05)。(2)與對照組相比,0.21%蛋氨酸水平組顯著提高了蛋雞肝臟中DNA甲基轉移酶1、DNA甲基轉移酶3a、m6A甲基轉移酶3(METTL3)和m6A甲基轉移酶14(METTL14)的基因表達量,0.27%蛋氨酸水平組顯著提高了蛋雞肝臟中METTL3基因的表達量(P0.05)。與對照組相比,0.21%蛋氨酸水平組顯著提高了蛋雞肝臟中甲硫氨酸腺苷轉移酶1a、5-甲基四氫葉酸-同型半胱氨酸甲基轉移酶(MTR)和胱硫醚-β-合成酶的基因表達量,0.27%蛋氨酸水平組顯著提高了蛋雞肝臟中MTR基因的表達量(P0.05)。低蛋氨酸對甲硫氨酸腺苷高半胱氨酸酶和甜菜堿高半胱氨酸甲基轉移酶的基因表達量無顯著的影響(P0.05)。綜上所述,高水平的低蛋氨酸顯著影響提高了Dnmt1、Dnmt3a、METTL3、METTL14基因表達量,可能會影響DNA和RNA的甲基化過程。低蛋氨酸顯著降低了血清蛋氨酸、半胱氨酸的含量,提高了血清中甘氨酸和絲氨酸的含量及MTR基因的表達量,可能影響蛋氨酸的再合成和轉硫基途徑。3.低蛋氨酸對蛋雞血清和肝臟抗氧化指標及肝臟抗氧化基因表達量的影響(1)飼糧低蛋氨酸顯著影響血清CAT、GSH-Px、MDA和GSH含量(P0.05)。其中,0.33%蛋氨酸水平組血清的CAT活性高于0.21%和0.27%蛋氨酸水平組(P0.05)。GSH-Px活性隨蛋氨酸水平的提高而增加(P0.05)。0.33%蛋氨酸水平組血清的MDA含量低于0.21%蛋氨酸水平組,血清的GSH含量高于0.21%蛋氨酸水平組(P0.05)。(2)飼糧低蛋氨酸顯著影響肝臟GSH-Px活性和GSH含量(P0.05)。其中,0.21%蛋氨酸水平組肝臟的GSH-Px活性高于0.27%和0.33%蛋氨酸水平組(P0.05)。GSH的含量隨蛋氨酸的降低逐漸減少(P0.05)。(3)飼糧低蛋氨酸顯著影響肝臟SOD、CAT、GPX1、GPX2、GPX3和Msr A的表達量(P0.05)。其中,0.33%蛋氨酸水平組肝臟中CAT、GPX1和GPX3的表達量顯著低于0.21%蛋氨酸水平組(P0.05)。0.21%蛋氨酸水平組肝臟中GPX1和MsrA的表達量顯著高于0.27%和0.33%蛋氨酸水平組。綜上所述,低蛋氨酸會通過谷胱甘肽系統(tǒng)顯著影響蛋雞的氧化還原狀態(tài)。飼糧低蛋氨酸顯著降低了血清CAT和GSH-Px的活性和GSH含量、增加了血清中MDA。飼糧低蛋氨酸顯著降低了肝臟中GSH-Px的活性和GSH的含量。同時,高水平的低蛋氨酸顯著上調了肝臟CAT、GPX1、GPX2、GPX3和MsrA的表達量,從而維持蛋雞的健康。
[Abstract]:To study the production performance of laying low methionine in this experiment, the influence way and antioxidant capacity of methionine metabolism. A total of 180 62 week old hy line layers, according to the laying rate is evenly divided into 3 groups (6 replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate): the control group was fed 0.33% dietary methionine level, low methionine groups were fed methionine level is 0.21%, 0.27% of the diet, test period of 90 days. The main results are as follows: the production performance of laying hens 1. low methionine influence, egg quality and serum biochemical indexes in low methionine diets (1) significantly reduced the average daily intake of laying hens, the average egg laying rate, the average daily weight, average egg weight and egg failure rate, improve the feed egg ratio (P0.05). (2) low methionine can significantly affect the index of egg shape, eggshell thickness and eggshell strength, egg white and yolk color ratio (P0.05), but the ratio of egg yolk on eggshell, egg ratio. Clear solid content, no significant effect of egg yolk solids and Haugh unit (P0.05). Among them, the egg shape index was 0.27% higher than the 0.21% level of methionine group egg methionine group (P0.05).0.21% methionine level group egg shell thickness higher than the other two groups (P0.05.0.27%) eggshell strength methionine level was higher than 0.33% egg methionine the level of group, egg yolk color than the other two groups (P0.05). The ratio of egg white increased with the increased level of methionine (P0.05), but does not affect the content of dry matter (P0.05). (3) low methionine significantly affect the serum calcium, uric acid, albumin, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase index (P0.05) diet low in methionine significantly. Effect of serum ALP, ALB, UA, TG, Ca, P content (P0.05). Among them, 0.33% groups of serum methionine level ALP is the lowest, and the highest content of TG Ca (P0.05).0.21% ALB minimum serum methionine level group (P0.05). Serum UA And with the increase of methionine content increased (P0.05). In conclusion, low methionine significantly reduced the average egg laying rate of hy line later, the average daily average egg weight, egg weight, increase the ratio of feed to egg. Low methionine significantly affect egg egg quality, reduce the rate of increase than egg white, but the eggshell strength and low dietary methionine significantly change the thickness. Serum ALP, ALB, UA, TG, Ca, P content, affect the metabolic activity of.2. low methionine expression of free amino acids and hepatic methionine metabolism serum gene (1) low methionine significantly reduce the content of methionine in serum (P0.05) serine.0.21% methionine serum group, glycine and alanine and ornithine levels are significantly higher than the other two groups, cysteine content was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05).0.27% group serum levels of methionine valine, ISO Leucine, phenylalanine, arginine and proline levels were significantly lower than those in the control group (P0.05).0.21% group serum methionine level in amino adipic acid and ethanolamine were significantly higher than that of the 0.33% methionine group, baib and 3- methylhistidine was significantly lower than that of 0.33% methionine group (P0.05) (2) compared with the control. Group 0.21%, methionine levels were significantly increased in liver of laying hens in DNA methyltransferase 1, DNA methyltransferase 3a, m6A methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) and m6A methyltransferase 14 (METTL14) gene expression, 0.27% methionine group significantly increased the expression of METTL3 gene in liver of laying hens (P0.05) compared with the control group, 0.21% methionine levels were significantly increased 1A enzyme adenosine methionine transfer in liver of laying hens, transferase 5- methyltrahydrofolate - homocysteine methyl (MTR) and cystathionine beta synthase gene The expression of the 0.27% methionine group significantly increased the expression of MTR gene in liver of laying hens (P0.05). Low methionine to methionine adenosylhomocysteinase and betaine homocysteine methyltransferase gene expression had no significant effect (P0.05). In conclusion, low methionine significantly affect the increase of Dnmt1, Dnmt3a. METTL3, expression of METTL14, DNA and RNA may affect the methylation process. Low methionine significantly reduced serum methionine, cysteine content, improve the content and expression of MTR gene of glycine and serine in the serum, may affect the synthesis of methionine and sulfonium low methionine on serum and.3. pathway the liver antioxidant index and liver antioxidant gene expression of laying hens (1) GSH-Px diets low in methionine significantly affected the serum levels of CAT, MDA, and the content of GSH (P0.05). Among them, 0.33% egg ammonia The level of serum CAT acid group was higher than that of 0.21% and 0.27% methionine group (P0.05) increased the activity of.GSH-Px increased with the level of methionine (P0.05) serum MDA.0.33% methionine level group less than 0.21% methionine group, serum GSH content higher than 0.21% methionine level group (P0.05). (2) low methionine diets significantly effect of liver GSH-Px activity and GSH content (P0.05). Among them, 0.21% methionine level liver GSH-Px activity is higher than that of group 0.27% and 0.33% methionine group (P0.05) to reduce the content of.GSH gradually decreased with the increasing methionine (P0.05). (3) diet low in methionine significantly affect the liver SOD, CAT, GPX1, GPX2, GPX3 expression Msr and A (P0.05). Among them, 0.33% methionine levels of liver in group CAT, expression of GPX1 and GPX3 were significantly lower than the 0.21% level of methionine group (P0.05) and MsrA.0.21% GPX1 expression level of methionine group in the liver was significantly higher than that of 0.27% And 0.33% methionine group. In conclusion, the low methionine state by glutathione redox system has significant effect on laying hens. Diet low in methionine significantly reduced the activity of GSH and the content of serum CAT and GSH-Px, increased the serum MDA. in diets low in methionine decreased the content of GSH-Px in the liver and GSH activity. At the same time, the high level of the low methionine increased liver CAT, GPX1, GPX2, expression of GPX3 and MsrA, so as to maintain the health of laying hens.

【學位授予單位】：河南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S831.5

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 王玉t，

本文編號：1610479