本文選題：圍產(chǎn)期奶牛　切入點(diǎn)：低血糖　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本研究運(yùn)用預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)觀點(diǎn)和回顧性研究，跟蹤測(cè)定圍產(chǎn)期奶牛血液生化指標(biāo)，了解圍產(chǎn)期奶牛血液生化指標(biāo)變化規(guī)律；調(diào)查低血糖癥、高酮血癥和亞臨床低血鈣癥奶牛的發(fā)病率；評(píng)價(jià)血液生化指標(biāo)對(duì)三種疾病的診斷效用，旨在為規(guī)�；膛�(chǎng)低血糖、酮病、亞臨床低血鈣等生產(chǎn)性疾病的群體預(yù)測(cè)和早期診斷提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。 本研究選取30頭年齡（2-6歲）、胎次（2-4胎）相近的健康圍產(chǎn)期荷斯坦奶牛，根據(jù)分娩時(shí)間選取產(chǎn)前21d、14d、7d、分娩當(dāng)天和產(chǎn)后7d、14d、21d共7個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，跟蹤分析圍產(chǎn)期奶牛部分血液生化指標(biāo)變化規(guī)律。另選取171頭年齡（2-6歲）、胎次（2-4胎）相近的圍產(chǎn)期奶牛，根據(jù)測(cè)定的部分血液生化指標(biāo)，篩選出低血糖組（53頭）、高酮血癥組（10頭）、亞臨床低鈣血癥組（50頭），與健康奶牛對(duì)照組進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析，找出與這三種疾病高相關(guān)性血液生化指標(biāo)并進(jìn)行ROC診斷評(píng)價(jià)，得出cut-off point值。最后分析疾病危險(xiǎn)因素，以O(shè)R值評(píng)價(jià)該指標(biāo)對(duì)判定疾病的危險(xiǎn)系數(shù)。 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，該奶牛場(chǎng)圍產(chǎn)期奶牛呈現(xiàn)低血糖（81.5%）和亞臨床低鈣血癥（63%）的高發(fā)生率。血液學(xué)指標(biāo)表明低血糖組產(chǎn)前2周至產(chǎn)后3周血糖差異顯著，從產(chǎn)前21天至產(chǎn)后14天，奶牛低血糖發(fā)病率先升高后下降，在分娩當(dāng)天達(dá)到發(fā)病高峰；確定了低血糖癥診斷的首選指標(biāo)為GLU，輔助指標(biāo)及cut-point值分別為：NEFA(0.44mmol/L)、BHBA(0.34mmol/L)、TG(0.19mmol/L)、AST(53IU/L)，危險(xiǎn)因素分別為T(mén)G(OR=2.470)、LDH(OR=0.100)、TBIL（P=0.027）、DBIL(P=0.029)、Ca（P=0.012）、Mg(P=0.008)。高酮血癥組產(chǎn)前無(wú)發(fā)病，在產(chǎn)后14天達(dá)最高發(fā)生率（10%），隨后下降至4.8%，從時(shí)間來(lái)看，高酮血癥的發(fā)生一般在分娩后1-3周，產(chǎn)后14天最高；確定了高酮血癥診斷的首選指標(biāo)為BHBA、NEFA，輔助指標(biāo)及cut-point值分別為DBIL(1.15mmol/L)、AST(73.50IU/L)；危險(xiǎn)因素分別為NEFA（OR=7.72），，TG（OR=7.03），GGT（OR=6.71），LDH（OR=4.45），P(OR=6.23)。亞臨床低鈣血癥組奶牛在圍產(chǎn)期基本一直持續(xù)著低鈣的發(fā)生，確定了亞臨床低鈣血癥診斷的首選指標(biāo)為Ca；輔助指標(biāo)及cut-point值為P(1.99mmol/L)，危險(xiǎn)因素分別為NEFA（OR=3.83）、GGT(6.71)、LDH(3.84)、Mg(9.57)。 隨著奶牛養(yǎng)殖業(yè)向集約化規(guī)�；较虬l(fā)展，奶牛群體管理和群體疾病監(jiān)測(cè)已成為影響奶牛養(yǎng)殖業(yè)發(fā)展的重要因素。圍產(chǎn)期奶牛經(jīng)歷妊娠、分娩、泌乳3個(gè)特殊的生理狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變，加之日糧轉(zhuǎn)換以及威脅其健康的危險(xiǎn)因素（如糖脂代謝紊亂、氧化應(yīng)激和免疫抑制等）時(shí)刻伴隨著圍產(chǎn)期奶牛，使該時(shí)期奶牛維持正常的能量及礦物質(zhì)代謝等面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。圍產(chǎn)期奶牛血液生化指標(biāo)能間接反映出該時(shí)期奶牛的健康狀況，因此對(duì)奶牛養(yǎng)殖戶(hù)和研究者來(lái)說(shuō)監(jiān)測(cè)圍產(chǎn)期奶牛血液學(xué)指標(biāo)能有效預(yù)測(cè)圍產(chǎn)期奶牛群體性代謝性疾病的發(fā)生。因此，了解圍產(chǎn)期奶牛血液生理生化代謝特征，建立完整有效的奶牛群體監(jiān)測(cè)體系對(duì)預(yù)防圍產(chǎn)期奶牛生產(chǎn)性疾病具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:In this study, using the viewpoint of preventive medicine and retrospective study, the blood biochemical indexes of perinatal cows were measured, and the changes of blood biochemical indexes in perinatal cows were investigated, and hypoglycemia was investigated. The incidence of hyperkolemia and subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows, and the evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of blood biochemical indicators for the three diseases, aiming at the development of a large-scale dairy farm with hypoglycemia and ketosis. Population prediction and early diagnosis of subclinical hypocalcemia and other productive diseases provide experimental basis. In this study, 30 healthy perinatal Holstein cows of 2-6 years old and 2-4 years of age were selected. According to the delivery time, they were selected for 7 days, 21 days before delivery and 14 days after delivery, and there were 7 time points on the day of delivery and 7 days after delivery, 14 days after delivery and 21 days after delivery. The changes of some blood biochemical indexes in perinatal cows were analyzed. 171 cows of the same age (2-6 years old, 2-4 births) were selected according to some of the blood biochemical indexes measured. A total of 53 patients with hypoglycemia, 10 patients with hyperkolidemia and 50 patients with subclinical hypocalcemia were selected for statistical analysis with healthy cow control group. The high correlation blood biochemical indexes with these three diseases were found and ROC diagnostic evaluation was carried out. The cut-off point value was obtained. Finally, the risk factors of disease were analyzed, and the risk coefficient of disease was evaluated by OR value. The results showed that the high incidence of hypoglycemia (81.5%) and subclinical hypocalcemia (63%) was found in the perinatal cows of the dairy farm. The hematologic indexes showed that the blood sugar levels in the hypoglycemia group were significantly different from the 2nd week to the 3rd week before and after delivery, from 21 days to 14 days after delivery. The incidence of hypoglycemia in dairy cows increased first and then decreased, and reached its peak on the day of delivery. The first choice for diagnosis of hypoglycemia was GLU, the auxiliary indexes and cut-point values were 0.44 mmol / L BHBA 0.34 mmol / L of BHBA 0.34 mmol / L ~ (0.34) mmol / L ~ (0.19) mmol / L ~ (-1) AST53 / L, respectively. The risk factors were as follows: TGOR2.470 / L, LDHOR0.100, TBILP0. 270.027DBBILP0.029CaP0. 012mg P0. 0.008. The highest incidence rate was 10% on the 14th day postpartum and then decreased to 4.8. From the point of view of the time, the incidence of hyperketoemia was generally 1-3 weeks after delivery and the highest at 14 days postpartum. The first choice for the diagnosis of hyperketonemia was determined as BHBA nefa, the auxiliary index and the cut-point value were 1. 15 mmol / L of DBILN / L, 73.50 U / L, respectively, and the risk factors were NEFAA 7. 72 TGOR7. 03 GGTOR6. 71a. The subclinical hypocalcemia dairy cows had been developing low calcium during perinatal period, respectively, and the risk factors were as follows: (1) in the subclinical hypocalcemia group, the hypocalcemia occurred continuously in the perinatal period, and the risk factors were 7. 73%, 7. 73%, 6. 71% and 6. 23%, respectively, in the subclinical hypocalcemia group. The first choice for the diagnosis of subclinical hypocalcemia was determined as Ca.The auxiliary index and cut-point value were 1.99mmol / L, and the risk factors were 3.83GGT 6.71mg 9.57, respectively. With the development of dairy cattle industry to intensive scale, group management and group disease monitoring have become the important factors that affect the development of dairy cattle industry. Three special physiological changes in lactation, combined with dietary changes and risk factors that threaten their health (such as metabolic disorders of glucose and lipid, oxidative stress and immunosuppression), are accompanied by perinatal cows. It is a great challenge to maintain the normal energy and mineral metabolism of the cows in this period. The biochemical indexes of blood in the perinatal period can indirectly reflect the health status of the cows in this period. Therefore, for dairy cattle farmers and researchers to monitor the perinatal period of cow hematologic indicators can effectively predict the occurrence of perinatal dairy cow group metabolic disease. Therefore, to understand the characteristics of perinatal cow blood physiological and biochemical metabolism, It is of great practical significance to establish a complete and effective monitoring system for dairy cows during perinatal period.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S858.23

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李紅宇;苗樹(shù)君;高圣s

本文編號(hào)：1608972