發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-07 14:51

  本文選題：血清4型Ⅰ群禽腺病毒　切入點(diǎn)：SPF雞　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：心包積水-肝炎綜合征(Hydropericardium Hepatitis Syndrome,HHS),又稱安哥拉(Angara)病,是由腺病毒科的Ⅰ群禽腺病毒血清4型引起的以心包積水和包涵體肝炎為特征的一種高度接觸性傳染病。1987年在巴基斯坦安哥拉地區(qū)爆發(fā)了一種新病,其臨床癥狀與包涵體肝炎(Inclusion Body Hepatitis,IBH)相似卻又伴有嚴(yán)重心包積水的“新”綜合征。隨后該病在印度、科威特、伊朗、日本、墨西哥等地相繼發(fā)生,經(jīng)研究證實(shí),這些地區(qū)的心包積水-肝炎綜合征均由Ⅰ群禽腺病毒的血清4型(Fowl Adenovirus serotype 4,FAV-4)引起。2015年6月以來(lái),我國(guó)湖南、江蘇、河南、山東、河北、遼寧、安徽、吉林等省的部分地區(qū)雞群出現(xiàn)了一種可以引起雞心包積液和包涵體肝炎為特征的血清4型Ⅰ群禽腺病毒感染。該病多呈急性經(jīng)過(guò),且多發(fā)生于3-5周齡的肉用仔雞,發(fā)病后第4-8d為死亡高峰,病程8-15d,死亡率為20%-80%,目前,該病在雜交雞、麻雞、種雞、蛋雞和肉鴨也可發(fā)生,給我國(guó)養(yǎng)禽業(yè)造成了嚴(yán)重的威脅,并造成嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,因此加強(qiáng)對(duì)該病的研究,對(duì)于保護(hù)和促進(jìn)我國(guó)養(yǎng)禽業(yè)的發(fā)展具有重要意義。本試驗(yàn)將90只10日齡SPF雞,隨機(jī)分為口腔攻毒組(30只)、肌肉攻毒組(30只)和對(duì)照組(30只)3組,每組用隔離罩隔離飼養(yǎng)�？谇还ザ窘M雞,每只口腔注射1mL(EID50=10-7.569/0.2mL)病毒液;肌肉攻毒組雞,每只肌肉注射1mL(EID50=10-7.569/0.2mL)病毒液;對(duì)照組雞,每只注射1mL生理鹽水。攻毒后連續(xù)觀察20d,記錄發(fā)病情況。分別于攻毒后第4d、8d、12d、16d和20d稱重、采血,并隨機(jī)剖殺攻毒組和對(duì)照組雞各5只,觀察記錄感染雞的臨床癥狀和剖檢變化,HE染色觀察組織病理學(xué)變化,檢測(cè)血清中生化指標(biāo)(ALT,AST,LDH,UREA),ELISA試驗(yàn)測(cè)定血清中細(xì)胞因子(IL-6,IFN-γ)與抗體效價(jià),熒光定量PCR方法檢測(cè)組織中病毒載量。20日齡和10日齡組雞的攻毒劑量及試驗(yàn)方法相同。兩個(gè)日齡的攻毒組雞均表現(xiàn)為精神沉郁,食欲減退,體重增長(zhǎng)緩慢,且該病發(fā)病急,死亡快,死亡率較高,10日齡肌肉攻毒組的死亡率達(dá)到50%。剖檢結(jié)果顯示,10日齡組的病變與20日齡組類似,但是更加嚴(yán)重,出現(xiàn)明顯的心包積液和包涵體肝炎現(xiàn)象,脾臟腫大、出血,肺臟水腫、出血,腎臟腫大,胸腺腫大、出血,且10日齡組腺胃出血。病理組織學(xué)結(jié)果表明試驗(yàn)雞的肝臟、脾臟可見(jiàn)明顯的炎性細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),心肌間質(zhì)水腫增寬,胸腺與法氏囊淋巴細(xì)胞壞死。生化指標(biāo)的檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,攻毒后ALT、AST、LDH、UREA的含量均升高,且明顯高于對(duì)照組。細(xì)胞因子的檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,攻毒后IL-6和IFN-γ的含量均升高。對(duì)血清中抗體的檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,攻毒組抗體一直處于上升狀態(tài),且明顯高于對(duì)照組。對(duì)組織中病毒載量的檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,口腔攻毒組和肌肉攻毒組的心臟、肝臟、脾臟、肺臟、腎臟、胸腺、胰腺和法氏囊等組織器官中均檢測(cè)到了病毒的存在,其中心臟和肝臟的病毒含量較高,且肌肉攻毒組各器官的病毒載量明顯高于口腔攻毒組。FAV-4可侵害雞的多個(gè)器官,導(dǎo)致雞的發(fā)病,在沒(méi)有母源抗體及其他病毒干擾的情況下,感染該病后小日齡雞比大日齡雞的病變情況更加嚴(yán)重。本研究表明,FAV-4對(duì)SPF雞的致病性強(qiáng)弱與感染日齡和感染途徑有關(guān),小日齡比大日齡的雞更易感,且肌肉攻毒組組比口腔攻毒組發(fā)病死亡情況更為嚴(yán)重,該病可侵害多個(gè)器官,病毒在組織中分布較廣。
[Abstract]:Hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (Hydropericardium Hepatitis, Syndrome, HHS), also known as Angola (Angara) is caused by disease, fowl adenovirus group serum by adenovirus type 4 with pericardial effusion and inclusion body hepatitis is a highly contagious disease of.1987 in Pakistan area of Angola broke out a new kind of disease, the clinical symptoms and inclusion body hepatitis (Inclusion Body, Hepatitis, IBH) similar but with severe pericardial effusion of the "new" syndrome. Then the disease in India, Kuwait, Iran, Japan, Mexico and other places have occurred, the study confirmed that these regions hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome serum the fowl adenovirus group type 4 (Fowl Adenovirus 4 serotype, FAV-4) has caused by.2015 in June, China's Hunan, Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, Anhui, Jilin and other parts of the province have a chicken Cause the heart-shaped effusion and inclusion body hepatitis package of serotype 4 of avian adenovirus infection. The disease was more acute after, and broiler occurred at the age of 3-5 weeks, after the onset of 4-8d death peak, duration of 8-15d, mortality rate was 20%-80%, at present, the disease in hybrid chicken, chicken. Chicken, chicken and duck can also occur, causing a serious threat to the poultry industry in China, and caused serious economic losses, so strengthen the research of the disease, it is important to protect and promote the development of China's poultry industry. The 90 10 day old SPF chickens were randomly divided into oral the challenge group (30 rats), muscle inoculation group (30 rats) and control group (30 rats) 3 groups, each group with shield isolatedfeeding. Oral challenge group chicken, each oral injection of 1mL (EID50=10-7.569/0.2mL) virus liquid; muscle challenged group chickens, each intramuscular injection of 1mL (EID50=10-7.569/0.2mL) virus solution; control group 楦，

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