本文選題：熱回收通風(fēng)　切入點(diǎn)：兔舍　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在寒冷氣候下,為維持家兔生產(chǎn)所需的基本溫度或者降低維持舍溫的能耗,兔場通常會(huì)降低兔舍通風(fēng)量,而由于通風(fēng)不足導(dǎo)致的兔舍內(nèi)高濃度有害氣體直接危害家兔健康。在兔舍這類密閉式畜舍,減少高通風(fēng)率帶來的熱量損失是解決這一問題的關(guān)鍵。暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中的熱回收通風(fēng)(heat recovery ventilation,HRV)是一項(xiàng)能夠有效減少通風(fēng)能量損失的節(jié)能通風(fēng)技術(shù),利用排風(fēng)預(yù)熱(或預(yù)冷)新風(fēng)來降低通風(fēng)對(duì)室內(nèi)溫度的影響。密閉畜舍這類建筑產(chǎn)熱負(fù)荷高,且需要較高的通風(fēng)率來維持舍內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量,HRV在這類建筑中應(yīng)用潛力大。本論文首先分別在北京和寧波的兔舍安裝了民用一體式小型HRV,發(fā)現(xiàn)運(yùn)行這種HRV的兔舍內(nèi)氨氣濃度沒有顯著下降,表現(xiàn)為通風(fēng)效率低下。同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)備存在成本高,安裝難度大的問題,不適合在畜舍中使用。針對(duì)這些問題我們對(duì)設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)、安裝方式和配比參數(shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算和調(diào)整,研制開發(fā)了更合適畜舍使用的新型HRV系統(tǒng),使其能夠滿足高通風(fēng)率、高熱回收效率、不易結(jié)冰、不易積累灰塵和設(shè)備投資回報(bào)期限短等設(shè)計(jì)要求。然后分別研究新型的HRV在中國東北、華北、東南幾個(gè)不同氣候特點(diǎn)區(qū)域的兔舍中運(yùn)行的效果。并使用DeST軟件建立建筑熱平衡模型模擬研究氣候、建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)、通風(fēng)率、飼養(yǎng)密度等因素對(duì)兔舍溫度和HRV運(yùn)行效果的影響。在華北地區(qū)寒冷氣候條件下,舍外氣溫為-1O℃-10℃,新型的HRV能夠在不顯著影響舍溫的情況下,使舍內(nèi)NH3和C02濃度降低48%和53%。設(shè)備的顯熱效率和能效比分別為65%和5.7,均達(dá)到節(jié)能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。配套HRV的送風(fēng)方式,均勻開孔送風(fēng)組織方式在提高舍內(nèi)氣溫分布的均勻性,以及降低舍內(nèi)氣流速度方面優(yōu)于一端送風(fēng)的方式。在東北嚴(yán)寒氣候下運(yùn)行新型的HRV時(shí),設(shè)備最多能夠耐受-15℃的低溫。在舍外氣溫為-15℃～5℃、兔舍不供暖條件下,該HRV同樣能夠在不顯著影響舍溫的情況下,分別降低C02和NH3濃度27%和15%。當(dāng)舍外氣溫降至-25℃～-5℃、兔舍有鍋爐供暖的條件下,將HRV與鍋爐供暖結(jié)合,利用鍋爐房預(yù)熱寒冷的新風(fēng),HRV可以在-25℃的低溫條件下正常運(yùn)行而不會(huì)結(jié)冰,同時(shí)間接地提高了鍋爐的供暖效率。在東南地區(qū)夏季炎熱氣候下,將空調(diào)降溫與新型的HRV結(jié)合,兔舍內(nèi)能夠維持25～28℃的適宜家兔繁殖的溫度。系統(tǒng)中HRV顯著降低了兔舍內(nèi)NH3和C02濃度,盡管因通風(fēng)引起舍溫升高為1.4℃,但沒有對(duì)家兔的熱應(yīng)激水平產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。HRV的顯熱效率和能效比分別達(dá)到63%和3.5,與HRV的結(jié)合使空調(diào)能耗降低10.2%。推薦在舍內(nèi)外溫差高于5.1 ℃的情況下運(yùn)行HRV。東南地區(qū)冬季氣候溫暖,只適合在夜晚氣溫較低的階段運(yùn)行熱回收通風(fēng)。使用DeST建立兔舍熱平衡模型,模擬研究了兔舍圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的保溫性能、門窗的密閉性、飼養(yǎng)密度、兔舍最小通風(fēng)率、熱回收通風(fēng)等因素對(duì)兔舍內(nèi)的氣溫溫度影響的程度,發(fā)現(xiàn)通風(fēng)率和建筑密閉性對(duì)舍溫影響最大,占到權(quán)重的約80%。與常規(guī)機(jī)械通風(fēng)相比,使用熱回收通風(fēng)舍內(nèi)的氣溫能夠提高3.6～5.9℃。
[Abstract]:In cold climates, the basic temperature required to maintain the rabbit production or decreasing the energy consumption to maintain the temperature usually decreases, rabbit rabbit Shetong volume, due to insufficient ventilation in rabbit house in high concentration of harmful gases directly harm the rabbit's health. This kind of closed rabbit houses in the barn, reduce the rate of heat loss caused by high winds is the key to solve this problem. The heat recovery ventilation in HVAC system (heat recovery ventilation, HRV) is an energy saving ventilation ventilation technology can effectively reduce the energy loss, the exhaust (preheating or precooling) of new wind to reduce the influence of ventilation on indoor temperature. This kind of building heat sealed barn high load, and high rate of ventilation to maintain indoor air quality, HRV in this kind of building application potential. This paper first respectively in Beijing and Ningbo Rabbitries installed civilian integrated small type HRV hair Is this HRV rabbit NH3 concentration did not significantly decreased, showed low ventilation efficiency. At the same time that the equipment has high cost, difficult installation, not suitable for use in a barn. In order to solve these problems we the structure of the equipment installation and matching parameters were calculated and adjusted, developed more the new HRV system using the appropriate housing, which can meet the high wind rate, high heat recovery efficiency, not easy to freeze, not easy to accumulate for short term investment return dust and equipment design. Then we study the HRV model in Northeast China, North China, running southeast several different climate regional characteristics of the rabbit house in effect and use DeST software to establish the model of building heat balance simulation of climate, building envelope, ventilation rate, density and other factors to influence feeding temperature and HRV operation effect on rabbit. In the cold area of North China Climatic conditions, outside temperature of -1O DEG -10 DEG, the new HRV can not significantly affect the decrease Sherwin, 48% and 53%. equipment of sensible heat efficiency and energy efficiency ratio were 65% and 5.7 NH3 and the concentration of C02 house, have reached the standard of energy saving. Air supply mode supporting HRV, uniform open hole supply organization to improve the uniformity of temperature distribution, and reduce the air velocity inside superior ventilation at one end of the way. The operation of the new HRV in the northeast cold climate, most equipment can withstand -15 low temperature. In the outside temperature of -15 to 5 DEG C, rabbit house without heating under the condition, the HRV can also be in the situation does not significantly affect the temperature under the concentration of NH3 and C02 were decreased by 27% and 15%. when the air temperature dropped to -25 up to -5 DEG C, a rabbit house boiler heating conditions, the combination of HRV and heating boiler, a new wind using boiler preheating cold, HRV In normal operation under low temperature conditions at -25 DEG C without ice, also indirectly improve the heating efficiency of the boiler. In the southeast of the hot summer climate, the air conditioning cooling combined with the new HRV, suitable temperature rabbit breeding in rabbit house can maintain 25~28 degrees. The system significantly reduced the rabbit house in HRV NH3 and C02 concentration, although because of the ventilation caused by increased to 1.4 DEG C temperature, but no thermal stress level on rabbit.HRV negatively affects the sensible heat efficiency and energy efficiency ratio reached 63% and 3.5, and the combination of HRV and air-conditioning energy consumption reduced 10.2%. recommended in the house inside and outside temperature higher than 5.1 DEG C under the condition of running southeast region HRV. the winter warm climate, only suitable for heat recovery stage operation ventilation in the low temperatures at night. Use DeST to establish the rabbit house heat balance model and Simulation Study on thermal insulation performance of Rabbitries enclosure structure, closed doors and windows, 027 Density, Rabbitries minimum ventilation rate, the temperature effect of temperature heat recovery ventilation and other factors on the extent of the rabbit, found the ventilation rate and airtight construction accounted for the greatest impact on Sherwin, weight about 80%. compared with conventional mechanical ventilation, the use of heat recovery ventilation the temperature can increase 3.6 ~ 5.9 degrees.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S829.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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2 趙建成;周U，

本文編號(hào)：1574906