本文選題：納他霉素　切入點：防霉　出處：《南京農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：飼料原料在加工生產、運輸及貯存過程中暴露,容易受到霉菌及霉菌毒素的侵害,造成經濟損失,是飼料業(yè)和畜牧業(yè)中備受關注的焦點。本文旨在研究探討新型天然飼料防霉劑納他霉素的防霉效果及其在肉雞飼料中的適宜添加量,為其在飼料中的合理應用提供參考依據。試驗一,試驗采用飼料強化防霉方法和常規(guī)防霉方法,研究了納他霉素對飼料的防霉效果。試驗選用自配飼料,分成7組,每組6個重復,每個重復2個平行。對照組不添加防霉劑,處理組分別添加500 mg/kg丙酸鈣,2.5、5、10、20和30 mg/kg納他霉素(Natamycin,NT)。結果表明:(1)飼料強化防霉試驗外觀結果表明,飼料中添加2.5-20 mg/kg NT能夠在儲存期間緩解飼料霉變。飼料常規(guī)防霉試驗外觀結果表明,飼料中添加5-30mg/kgNT能夠緩解飼料霉變,延長飼料的儲存期。(2)飼料強化防霉試驗中,與對照組相比,添加NT顯著降低了 5 d和10 d的飼料霉菌數(shù)(P0.05);15 d時,添加2.5、5和10 mg/kg NT組霉菌數(shù)量顯著低于對照組(P0.05);20 d時,與對照組及丙酸鈣組相比,添加5 mg/kg NT組飼料霉菌數(shù)量顯著降低(P0.05)。飼料常規(guī)防霉試驗中,0-15 d時,各組飼料霉菌數(shù)量均無顯著差異(P0.05);30d時,與對照組相比,10、20和30mg/kgNT組飼料霉菌數(shù)顯著降低(P0.05);45 d時,添加20和30 mg/kg NT組霉菌數(shù)量顯著低于對照組(P0.05);60 d時,各組飼料霉菌數(shù)無顯著差異(P0.05)。試驗二,納他霉素對飼料存儲期間常規(guī)營養(yǎng)成分的影響。試驗將自配飼料分成7組,每組6個重復,每個重復2個平行。對照組不添加防霉劑,試驗組分別添加500 mg/kg丙酸鈣,2.5、5、10、20和30 mg/kg NT。結果表明:(1)飼料強化防霉試驗營養(yǎng)成分測定中,10 mg/kg NT組飼料在5 d、15 d和20 d時的粗脂肪含量均顯著高于對照組(P0.05),其他組間差異不顯著(P0.05)。(2)飼料常規(guī)防霉試驗營養(yǎng)成分測定中,45 d時,與對照組相比,20 mg/kg NT組飼料水分顯著降低(P0.05),10 mg/kg NT組飼料粗脂肪含量顯著提高(P0.05);60 d時,5和10 mg/kg NT組粗脂肪含量顯著高于對照組(P0.05)。試驗三,納他霉素對肉雞生長性能和器官組織的影響。試驗選用1日齡健康AA肉仔雞480只(公母各半),隨機分為4組,每組6個重復,每個重復20只。對照組(CON組)飼喂基礎飼糧(不添加納他霉素),試驗組(T1、T2和T3組)飼喂在基礎飼糧中分別添加10、50和100 mg/kg納他霉素的試驗日糧,試驗期為42天。結果表明:(1)與CON組相比,飼糧中添加納他霉素對肉雞的生長性能無顯著影響(P0.05)。(2)肉雞飼糧中添加100 mg/kg納他霉素造成了肝細胞受損,十二指腸和回腸腸絨毛脫落和萎縮。試驗四,納他霉素對肉雞血液生化和抗氧化能力的影響。試驗分組及飼養(yǎng)管理同試驗三。結果表明:(1)42日齡時,與CON組相比,T2和T3組WBC、RBC和HGB顯著升高(P0.05)。T2組WBC和RBC顯著高于T1組(P0.05),T3組的WBC、RBC、HGB和HCT均顯著高于T2組(P0.05)。(2)42日齡時,與CON組相比,T2、T3組UN和ALT水平顯著升高(P0.05),T3組血清ALP含量顯著降低(P0.05)。(3)21日齡時,T1組血清T-AOC顯著高于CON組(P0.05),T1、T2組MDA含量均顯著低于CON組(P0.05)。(4)與CON組相比,T1、T2組肝臟的GSH-Px活力顯著提高(P0.05),MDA含量顯著降低(P0.05)。(5)T3組肝臟Cu/ZnSOD基因和GPx1基因的表達量顯著低于T1組(P0.05)。綜合試驗結果表明:(1)納他霉素能夠有效抑制飼料霉變,保護飼料的營養(yǎng)價值,延長飼料的存儲期,且適宜添加量為10-20mg/kg。(2)飼糧中添加10mg/kg納他霉素對肉雞的生長性能無不良影響,適量添加納他霉素可以保護肉雞的肝臟功能,改善肉雞抗氧化功能,而100mg/kg納他霉素有對肉雞肝臟造成損傷的風險。因此,納他霉素在肉雞生產中的應用還需進行大量的研究。
[Abstract]:Feed raw materials in the production, transportation and storage in the process of exposure, susceptible to fungal and mycotoxin damage, resulting in economic losses, is the focus of attention of feed industry and animal husbandry. This paper aims to study the optimum adding amount of new natural feed preservative natamycin mouldproof effect in broiler feed. To provide reference for its rational application in feed. A test, test method and conventional feed by strengthening mildew mildew proof method, study of natamycin to feed mildewproof effect. The experimental self feed selection, divided into 7 groups, with 6 replicates, each replicate 2 parallel control group without adding preservatives. And the treatment group were added 500 mg/kg calcium propionate, 2.5,5,10,20 and 30 mg/kg natamycin (Natamycin, NT). The results showed that: (1) feed enhanced moldproof test results show that the appearance of 2.5-20 mg/kg, adding NT in feed in During the period of storage of ease of moldy feed. Feed conventional moldproof test results show that the appearance of 5-30mg/kgNT, added in feed can alleviate feed mildew, prolong the storage period of feed. (2) feed enhanced moldproof test, compared with the control group, adding NT significantly decreased 5 D and 10 d feed mould number (P0.05); 15 d add 2.5,5, and 10 mg/kg NT group mould number was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05); 20 D, compared with the control group and calcium propionate group, adding 5 mg/kg NT group feed mould quantity decreased (P0.05). The conventional feed moldproof test, 0-15 D, there were no significant differences in the number of groups (feed mould P0.05; 30d) when compared with the control group, 10,20 group and 30mg/kgNT feed mould decreased significantly (P0.05); 45 D, adding 20 and 30 mg/kg NT group mould number was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05); 60 d, there were no significant difference (P0.05). The number of feed mould test two, Na he Mycin effect on nutritional composition of feed during the storage period. The test will feed into 7 groups, with 6 replicates, each replicate 2 parallel control group. No added preservatives, the experimental groups were supplemented with 500 mg/kg calcium propionate, 2.5,5,10,20 and 30 mg/kg NT. results showed that: (1) strengthen the feed nutrition moldproof test determination of components in 10 mg/kg NT group feed at 5 d, 15 d and 20 d when the content of crude fat were significantly higher than those in control group (P0.05), no significant difference between other groups (P0.05). (2) conventional feed moldproof test determination of nutritional components in 45 D, compared with the control group. 20 mg/kg NT group significantly decreased the feed moisture (P0.05), 10 mg/kg NT group feed crude fat content increased significantly (P0.05); 60 d, 5 mg/kg and 10 NT group the content of crude fat was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). In experiment three, effects of natamycin on broiler growth performance and organ. Experiment 1 day old healthy selection. AA鑲変粩楦，

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