本文選題：雪龍黑牛　切入點(diǎn)：育種目標(biāo)　出處：《寧夏大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本研究根據(jù)雪龍黑牛(正在選育的肉牛群體,為商品名)的生產(chǎn)及育種狀況,利用生物經(jīng)濟(jì)模型估計(jì)出雪龍黑牛育種目標(biāo)的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值(經(jīng)濟(jì)效益之差),并在生物經(jīng)濟(jì)模型基礎(chǔ)上,對影響生產(chǎn)效率的各個因素進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化分析。得到的主要結(jié)果如下：1.詳細(xì)構(gòu)建出了雪龍黑牛的生物經(jīng)濟(jì)模型,模擬出雪龍黑牛繁殖母牛養(yǎng)殖、育肥牛養(yǎng)殖、整體養(yǎng)殖三種養(yǎng)殖模式中的投入與產(chǎn)出。在不同養(yǎng)殖模式下,投入、產(chǎn)出及生產(chǎn)效益不同。其中,繁殖母牛飼養(yǎng)的生產(chǎn)投入最低,整體飼養(yǎng)模式下的生產(chǎn)投入最高。但生產(chǎn)效益卻是整體飼養(yǎng)模式下最高,繁殖母牛養(yǎng)殖模式下最低。說明在雪龍黑牛的實(shí)際養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)中要注意養(yǎng)殖模式的選擇,以獲得最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。2.利用構(gòu)建的生物經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)模型,計(jì)算出雪龍黑牛不同養(yǎng)殖模式下,計(jì)算出雪龍黑牛的目標(biāo)性狀邊際效益。在現(xiàn)行市場條件下,各目標(biāo)性狀的邊際效益分別為：在繁殖母牛養(yǎng)殖模式中,初生重(BWT, kg)、斷奶重(WWT, kg)、成年重(MWT, kg)、產(chǎn)犢間隔(CI, day)、母牛使用胎次(PL, parity)的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值分別為：-7.90元,3.45元,0.73元,-13.45元,-33.35元。在育肥牛養(yǎng)殖模式中,初生重(BWT, kg)、斷奶重(WWT, kg)、成年重(MWT, kg)、育肥期日增重(DG, kg/d)、大理石紋等級(BMS, score)、眼肌面積(cma2)、背膘厚(BFT, cm)、產(chǎn)犢間隔(CI,day)、母牛使用胎次(PL, parity)的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值分別為：0.59元、-2.35元、0.09元、276.84元、73.48元、18.38元,-4.39元,-0.54元、15.44元。在整體飼養(yǎng)模式中,初生重(BWT, kg)、斷奶重(WWT, kg)、成年重(MWT, kg)、育肥期日增重(DG, kg/d)、大理石紋等級(BMS, score)、眼肌面積(cm2)、背膘厚(BFT, cm)、產(chǎn)犢間隔(CI,day)、母牛使用胎次(PL, parity)的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值分別為：-4.32元,0.43元,0.29元,250.18元,67.37元,15.38元,-0.25元,-12.74元,-32.00元。3.不同養(yǎng)殖模式下,性狀的選擇重要性是不同的。在繁殖母牛養(yǎng)殖中,產(chǎn)犢間隔(CI)的絕對選擇重要性最高為67.242%,其中生長發(fā)育類性狀與繁殖性狀的相對選擇重要性之比為30.4：69.6,近似1：2。在育肥牛飼養(yǎng)模式中,在同時考慮生長發(fā)育類性狀、肉質(zhì)性狀和繁殖性狀時,三類性狀的相對選擇重要性分別為：14.7%,43.27%,42.02%,近似比為1：3：3；當(dāng)不考慮繁殖性狀時,眼肌面積和大理石花紋等級是絕對選擇重要性最高的兩個性狀,且此時生長發(fā)育類性狀與肉質(zhì)性狀的相對選擇比例為25.4%和74.6%。在整體飼養(yǎng)模式下,當(dāng)同時養(yǎng)殖繁殖母牛和育肥牛時,三類性狀的相對選擇重要性分別為：11.3%,32.4%和56.4%,近似比為1：3：5。說明繁殖性狀對其生產(chǎn)效益非常重要,應(yīng)予以足夠的重視；當(dāng)不考慮繁殖性狀時,整體飼養(yǎng)模式下的相對選擇重要性與育肥牛飼養(yǎng)基本相同。在以獲得最大經(jīng)濟(jì)效益為目的的育種規(guī)劃方案中應(yīng)采用多性狀的綜合育種措施。4.飼料價格是影響雪龍黑牛養(yǎng)殖收益最關(guān)鍵的因素。
[Abstract]:According to the production and breeding status of Xuelong Black cattle (beef cattle population being selected for trade name), The economic value (the difference of economic benefit) of the breeding goal of Xuelong Black cattle was estimated by using the biological economic model, and based on the biological economic model, The main results are as follows: 1. The biological economic model of Snow Dragon Black cattle is constructed in detail, and the breeding and fattening cattle breeding of Snow Dragon Black cattle are simulated. The inputs and outputs of the three breeding modes are different in different breeding modes. Among them, the production input of breeding cows is the lowest. The production investment is the highest in the whole feeding mode, but the production benefit is the highest in the whole feeding mode and the lowest in the breeding model of breeding cows. It shows that in the actual breeding system of Xuelong Black cattle, attention should be paid to the selection of the breeding mode. In order to obtain the greatest economic benefit, the marginal benefit of the target traits of Xuelong Black cattle was calculated under different breeding models by using the established bio-economics model. Under the current market conditions, the marginal benefit of the target traits of the Xuelong Black cattle was calculated. The marginal benefits of each target trait are as follows: in the breeding model of breeding cows, The economic values of BWT, KGW, WWT, KGW, MWT, KGW, CI, daychus, and parityof cows were:: -7.90 yuan, 3.45 yuan, 0.73 yuan -13.45 yuan -33.35 yuan, respectively, in the breeding model of fattening cattle. The economic value of BWT, KGW, WWT, KG, MWT, KG, DG, KGR, BMSS, Scoreus, eye muscle area, backfat thickness BFT, Cm, calving interval, calving interval, calving interval, calving time, parity of cows were respectively 0.59 yuan -2.35 yuan / 0.09 yuan / 276.84 yuan. 73.48 yuan and 18.38 yuan -4.39 yuan and $0.54 yuan and 15.44 yuan. In the overall feeding mode, The economic value of BWT, KGW, WWT, KG, MWT, KG, DG, KGR, BMSS, Scoreus, eye muscle area, backfat thickness BFT, CMT, calving interval, calving interval, calving interval, parity of cows were respectively: -4.32 yuan 0.43 yuan 0.29 yuan / 250.18 yuan. 67.37 yuan, 15.38 yuan, 15.38 yuan, -0.25 yuan, $12.74 yuan, $12.74 yuan, $32.00 yuan, $3.3.Under different breeding modes, The importance of selection is different. In breeding cows, The absolute selection importance of CI) was the highest 67.242, and the ratio of relative selection importance of growth and development traits to reproductive traits was 30.4: 69.6, which was approximately 1: 2. In the breeding model of fattening cattle, the growth and development traits were taken into account at the same time. When meat quality traits and reproductive traits are concerned, the relative selection importance of the three types of traits is: 1: 14.7and 43.27, respectively, with an approximate ratio of 1: 3: 3. When reproductive traits are not considered, eye muscle area and marbling grade are the two traits with the highest absolute selection importance. The relative selection ratios of growth and development traits to meat quality traits were 25.4% and 74.60.In the whole feeding mode, when breeding cows and fattening cows were simultaneously cultured and fattened, The importance of relative selection for the three types of traits is 32.4% and 56.4%, respectively, and the approximate ratio is 1: 3: 5.It shows that reproductive traits are very important to their productive benefits and should be given sufficient attention; when reproductive traits are not considered, The importance of relative selection under the overall feeding model is basically the same as that of fattening cattle. In the breeding planning program for the purpose of obtaining the maximum economic benefit, a comprehensive breeding measure of multiple characters should be adopted. 4. The feed price is the influence of Xuelong. Black cattle farming income is the most critical factor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)會議論文 前2條

1 曹兵海;;日本島根縣畜產(chǎn)技術(shù)中心與和牛育肥場考察報告[A];第二屆中國牛業(yè)發(fā)展大會論文集[C];2007年

2 李姣;袁崢嶸;高雪;許尚忠;;淺談我國高檔肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展思路[A];《第六屆中國牛業(yè)發(fā)展大會》論文集[C];2011年

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本文編號：1562088